Bucknell University Pennsylvania
More
National Institute of Science & Technology: Time and Frequency
National Institute of Science & Technology: Current Reliability of the WWVB Time Code
Bucknell University Pennsylvania
More
National Institute of Science & Technology: Time and Frequency
National Institute of Science & Technology: Current Reliability of the WWVB Time Code
Most nations follow the day/month/year format (07/01/19 for January 7, 2019, for example), but the United States adheres to its own format of month/day/year (1/7/19 or 1/7/2019). The potential for misinterpreting dates across national boundaries is the logic for ISO 8601:2019 – Data Elements And Interchange Formats – Information Interchange – Representation Of Dates And Times, the ISO format for dates represents year, month, and day from the largest unit to the smallest, most specific unit of time. The ISO date format is the date format used in SQL and is the default date setting on many computers.
ISO 8601-1:2019 Date And Time – Representations For Information Interchange – Part 1: Basic Rules
More
How the ISO Date Format Tells Today
Date and time formats used in HTML
At least twice a year, and during performances with flame effects, public safety departments in colleges and universities have an elevated concern about campus citizen safety, and the safety of the host community, when fireworks are used for celebration. We find very rigorous prohibitions against the use of fireworks, weapons and explosives on campus. Education and enforcement usually falls on facility and operation campus safety units.
That much said, we follow development, but do not advocate in NFPA 1123 Code for Fireworks Display, because it lies among a grouping of titles that set the standard of care for many college and university public safety departments that sometimes need to craft prohibitions with consideration for the business purposes of entertainment and celebration in education facilities. NFPA 1123 is not a long document — only 22 pages of core text — but it contains a few basic considerations for display site selection, clearances and permitting that campus public safety departments will coordinate with the host community. It references NFPA 1126, Standard for the Use of Pyrotechnics Before a Proximate Audience and NFPA 160 Standard for the Use of Flame Effects Before an Audience.
Something to keep an eye on. The home page for this code is linked below:
NFPA 1123 Code for Fireworks Display
For a sense of the technical discussions, transcripts of two developmental stages are linked below:
Public input on the 2026 Edition is receivable until June 1, 2023.
We maintain this title on our periodic Prometheus colloquium. See our CALENDAR for the next online meeting.
Issue: [16-134]
Category: Public Safety
Colleagues: Mike Anthony, Jack Janveja, Richard Robben
More
FIREWORKS: PYROTECHNIC ARTS AND SCIENCES IN EUROPEAN HISTORY
Simon Werrett | University College London
Fireworks are synonymous with celebration in the twenty-first century. But pyrotechnics—in the form of rockets, crackers, wheels, and bombs—have exploded in sparks and noise to delight audiences in Europe ever since the Renaissance. Here, Simon Werrett shows that, far from being only a means of entertainment, fireworks helped foster advances in natural philosophy, chemistry, mathematics, and many other branches of the sciences.
Fireworks brings to vibrant life the many artful practices of pyrotechnicians, as well as the elegant compositions of the architects, poets, painters, and musicians they inspired. At the same time, it uncovers the dynamic relationships that developed between the many artists and scientists who produced pyrotechnics. In so doing, the book demonstrates the critical role that pyrotechnics played in the development of physics, astronomy, chemistry and physiology, meteorology, and electrical science. Richly illustrated and drawing on a wide range of new sources, Fireworks takes readers back to a world where pyrotechnics were both divine and magical and reveals for the first time their vital contribution to the modernization of European ideas.