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"Love is a possible strength in an actual weakness." -- Thomas Hardy (Far from the Madding Crowd, 1874)
University of Pennsylvania | Philadelphia County 215 -
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ALWAYS ON
Maple Nut Latte
Vermont is the largest producer of pure maple syrup in the United States, and maple-flavoured foods and drinks form a significant part of the state's culinary identity. Its sugaring season typically runs from late February through early to mid-April, Sap flows best with the classic freeze-thaw cycle: nights below freezing and days above freezing. Recent warmer-than-ideal nights and pushes trees toward budding (which ends the season).
Six Week Priority
For the entirety of March, and until April 9th, we focus on preparing response to proposed changes to the IEEE 2028 National Electrical Safety Code, and to prepare fresh new ideas for the 2028 NFPA National Electrical Code. Topics coverage normally scheduled for this time of year will be accessible but our daily online meetings will start with work on those two standards. To join the "code-writing and vote-getting" use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.
2029 National Electrical Code Panel 3
The University of Michigan has supported the voice of the United States education facility industry since 1993 -- the second longest tenure of any voice in the United States. That voice has survived several organizational changes but remains intact and will continue its Safer-Simpler-Lower Cost-Longer Lasting advocacy on Code Panel 3 in the 2029 Edition. Public Input will be received until April 9, 2026.
Quadrivium: Spring
Educational settlements should be magical places. The stack informing the beauty of these "cities-within-cities" changes 100 to 1000 times per day globally. Titles are time-sensitive, copyright protected and land in public law. We monitor the action continuously to formulate response to public consultations. Topics appear on our CALENDAR and explored every day at 16:00 UTC. Recommend refresh of this web page once or twice to see timeliest information.
NESC & NEC Cross-Code Correlation
This post links to workspaces for drafting a detailed response to our most recent proposals. Open public consultation on the 2028 revision to the IEEE National Electrical Safety Code is very compressed -- only 90 days are open for a standard that is revised every 5 years. Public consultation on the First Draft of the 2028 NESC is open until March 26, 2026.
Current Issues & Recent Research
We examine the proposals for the 2028 National Electrical Safety Code; including our own. Public comment on proposed changes will be received until March 24th. The 2026 National Electrical Code which has recently been released for public use (public input on the 2029 revision will be received until April 9, 2026).
Communication in the Presence of Noise
A method is developed for representing any communication system geometrically. Messages and the corresponding signals are points in two "function spaces," and the modulation process is a mapping of one space into the other. Using this representation, a number of results in communication theory are deduced concerning expansion and compression of bandwidth and the threshold effect. (Claude Shannon, University of Michigan, "Father of the Information Age")
Spring Break
About how one Michigan Agricultural College Professor singlehandedly started spring break.