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Solar Energy in Cold Climates
IEEE Explore: Michigan Regional Test Center
Solar Energy in Cold Climates: What are you doing for supper this Mon. 2/20 at 6 pm? Join Ana Dyreson @michigantech on Zoom. Learn about making sunshine into energy, even in places w/ snow (a lot of snow). #energy #sustainabilty #solar #Engineering #snow pic.twitter.com/bVvUwG8bpx
— MTU Engineering (@mtu_engineering) February 15, 2023
More:
Question: How many households can be supplied with 1 megawatt of power and how large would the solar panel be?
The number of square meters of solar panels required to generate 1 megawatt (MW) of power depends on several factors, including the efficiency of the solar panels, the amount of sunlight available in the location where the solar panels are installed, and the specific technology used.
On average, solar panels have a conversion efficiency of about 15-20%, which means that for every square meter of solar panel area, you can expect to generate between 150 and 200 watts of power in direct sunlight.
So, to generate 1 MW of power, you would need between 5,000 and 6,667 square meters of solar panels (assuming an average efficiency of 17.5%).
There are 2.58999 square meters in one square mile.
To convert 6,667 square meters to square miles, we can divide 6,667 by 2,589.99:
6,667 sq meters / 2,589.99 sq meters/sq mile = 2.572 square miles (rounded to three decimal places).
Answer: Therefore 2.572 square miles of solar panels are required to supply 9345 household of power for 1 hour.
The number of households that can be supplied by 1 megawatt of power depends on a variety of factors, including the amount of electricity each household consumes, the time of day, and the season.
However, as a rough estimate, the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) reports that in 2020, the average US household consumed about 9,369 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electricity per year, which is equivalent to an average of 0.107 MW of power.
Based on this average, 1 MW of power could supply approximately 9,345 households (1,000,000 watts / 0.107 MW per household) with electricity for one hour, assuming that all households are consuming the average amount of electricity.
Again, this is a rough estimate, and the actual number of households that can be supplied by 1 MW will depend on various factors such as the region, the time of day, and the actual energy consumption of each household.
Discussion: A typical residential lot is one-half acre. Rounding 9345 households to 10,000 households; the households themselves have a footprint of 7.8125 square miles; with 1/3rd of the 2.572 square miles for 1 megawatt taken up by the panels.
Drivers facing the yellow-light-dilemma
Center for Digital Education | University of Michigan
Stochastic hybrid models for predicting the behavior of drivers facing the yellow-light-dilemma
Paul A. Green | University of Michigan
Daniel Hoehener & Domitilla Del Vecchio | Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Abstract: We address the problem of predicting whether a driver facing the yellow-light-dilemma will cross the intersection with the red light. Based on driving simulator data, we propose a stochastic hybrid system model for driver behavior. Using this model combined with Gaussian process estimation and Monte Carlo simulations, we obtain an upper bound for the probability of crossing with the red light. This upper bound has a prescribed confidence level and can be calculated quickly on-line in a recursive fashion as more data become available. Calculating also a lower bound we can show that the upper bound is on average less than 3% higher than the true probability. Moreover, tests on driving simulator data show that 99% of the actual red light violations, are predicted to cross on red with probability greater than 0.95 while less than 5% of the compliant trajectories are predicted to have an equally high probability of crossing. Determining the probability of crossing with the red light will be important for the development of warning systems that prevent red light violations.
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Green Spaghetti
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Anthem “Seven Nation Army”
Nearly 1 Billion YouTube views. Astronomical.
After moonlighting in several underground Detroit bands as a drummer, Jack White founded the White Stripes with fellow Detroit native and then-wife Meg White in 1997. He graduated from Cass Tech High School and attended Wayne State University as a dramatic arts student; thereafter receiving an honorary degree; and since awarded eight Grammy Awards, among them, for his work on the soundtrack of “Cold Mountain”.
Detroit’s Wayne State University introduces world to Dr. Jack White
Rolling Stone: Jack White Saves Detroit Masonic Temple from Foreclosure
“Seven Nation Army” is one of the most iconic and popular songs of the early 21st century and is routinely performed at athletic events at all levels in the United States. Its view count on YouTube is closing in on 1 billion. Several factors contributed to the song’s popularity:
Memorable Guitar Riff: The song is instantly recognizable for its distinctive and powerful guitar riff played by Jack White. The riff, created using a semi-acoustic guitar and an octave pedal, became an anthem for many music enthusiasts.
Catchy Chorus: The song features a catchy and memorable chorus with the repeated lyrics, “I’m gonna fight ’em off, a seven nation army couldn’t hold me back.” This repetition and simplicity added to its appeal and made it easy for listeners to sing along.
Sports and Pop Culture: “Seven Nation Army” transcended the music scene and found its way into various aspects of popular culture. The song became a favorite at sports events around the world, particularly in stadiums and arenas. Its use in sports contexts, such as football chants, contributed to its widespread recognition.
Critical Acclaim: The song received critical acclaim for its raw energy, innovative sound, and Jack White’s distinctive vocals. It won a Grammy Award for Best Rock Song in 2004 and became a defining track for The White Stripes.
Cover Versions and Remixes: The song’s popularity was further fueled by numerous cover versions and remixes by various artists across different genres. This contributed to its longevity and continued relevance in diverse musical contexts.
As a result of these factors, “Seven Nation Army” has endured as a cultural phenomenon, maintaining its popularity long after its initial release.
I’m gonna fight ’em off
A seven nation army couldn’t hold me back
They’re gonna rip it off
Taking their time right behind my back
And I’m talking to myself at night
Because I can’t forget
Back and forth through my mind
Behind a cigarette
And the message coming from my eyes
Says “Leave it alone”
Don’t want to hear about it
Every single one’s got a story to tell
Everyone knows about it
From the Queen of England to the Hounds of Hell
And if I catch it coming back my way
I’m gonna serve it to you
And that ain’t what you want to hear
But that’s what I’ll do
And the feeling coming from my bones
Says “Find a home”
I’m going to Wichita
Far from this opera forevermore
I’m gonna work the straw
Make the sweat drip out of every pore
And I’m bleeding, and I’m bleeding, and I’m bleeding
Right before the Lord
All the words are gonna bleed from me
And I will sing no more
And the stains coming from my blood
Tell me “Go back home”
Hot chocolate vs. hot cocoa
2026 General Fund Revenue & Expenditures: $1.738B $ Integrated Facilities and Land Use
MSU receives record-breaking $401 million commitment
Why Does The Modern World Make No Sense?
“…Hot cocoa and hot chocolate are terms that we often used interchangeably. Technically, hot cocoa and hot chocolate are as different as milk chocolate and bittersweet chocolate. Hot cocoa is made with cocoa powder, the way my mother made it when I was a kid. Hot chocolate is made from melting chocolate bars into cream…”
Plant science at your dinner table: Hot chocolate vs. hot cocoa
Black coffee at restaurants should not be $5. I’m not drinking the whole pot. I just want a cup. pic.twitter.com/wxy5xO4srV
— Blonde Musings 🇺🇸 Courtney (@musings_blonde) February 1, 2026
You’ve never heard the fight song like this.
MSU College of Music students, faculty and alumni picked up classroom instruments and turned them into something unforgettable.
No sheet music. No rehearsal. Just serious music skills and some Spartans Will. pic.twitter.com/a1yPaLXLDQ
— MSU (@michiganstateu) July 31, 2025
The clarity of this first hour—the pensive hope of winter—the ritual morning brings. These are the things. pic.twitter.com/CwdExLn5gC
— 1000yearhouse (@1000yearhouse) January 27, 2026
Michigan Electrical Administrative Act §338.883
The requirement for a licensed electrician and a certified inspector to perform and certify any electrical work above $100 is prohibitive for homeowners and facility managers. To the best of our knowledge, no other US state imposes this requirement. There are more efficacious approaches to supporting effective public electrical safety services.
Licensing and Regulatory Affairs | Electrical Administrative Board
Next Meeting: February 5, 2026 10:00 am
Meeting Minutes: August 8, 2024 (not yet available)
Meeting Minutes: October 31, 2024 (submittals for agenda items due September 26th)
Related:
Michigan Public Service Commission
MPSC takes next steps in enabling interconnection and distributed energy resources
Of considerable importance is the criteria set by this board to determine whether a journeyman electrician is permitted to practice his or her trade in the State of Michigan.
We have been advocating for changes to the State of Michigan Electrical Administrative Act that currently requires all electrical work valued above $100 to be installed by a licensed journeyman electrician and inspected by an accredited electrical inspector. The $100 threshold was set decades ago and has never been challenged by another other advocacy enterprise representing the user interest. Almost all of the stakeholders on the present Electrical Administrative Board are stakeholders who benefit economically from the $100 threshold. Much of the reason for the apparent imbalance of interests lies in tradition; but also because no user interest has been present to advocate for an update of the formal, fee schedule.
This advocacy priority was on the Do-List of the original University of Michigan codes and standards advocacy enterprise which was focused on strengthening the voice of the user/owner/final fiduciary in the promulgation of regulations affecting Michigan educational facilities (CLICK HERE for link to the legacy Advocacy Project 14-1). Of all the trades covered in the parent legislation — Stille-Derossett-Hale Single State Construction Code Act (Act 230 of 1972) — the electrical power discipline is the only discipline in Michigan building technology regulations that sets a dollar criteria for electrical work to be performed and inspected. While we recognize the need for safe installation of the electrical power chain within a building; we propose another criteria for establishing the requirement for a licensed electrician and a licensed inspector should be determined (as it is in all other construction disciplines administered by the Bureau of Construction Codes, a division of the Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs).
The actual text of the present regulation is available by clicking here: 338.881 Definitions | Electrical Administrative Act 217 of 1956
Father Marquette
As a consequence of former Governor Snyder’s Office of Regulatory Reinvention significant changes to both the Bureau of Construction Codes, a division of the Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs) have taken place within the past twelve months; which make us optimistic about political support for our proposals. We will be collaborating with our colleagues at Michigan State University to make necessary legislative changes we believe will lower the #TotalCostofOwnership of education facilities in the State of Michigan.
We will refer the Michigan Electric Code, and other state electrical codes to the IEEE Education and Healthcare Facilities Committee which hosts bi-weekly breakout teleconferences with electrical professionals in the education facilities industry as required by the demand for them.
Electrical Administrative Board Responsibilities and Meeting Schedule
The next meeting of the Michigan Electrical Board is November 2nd. We have been attending the meetings in Lansing and have made our proposal to revisit the dollar criteria known to the entire board. We hope the Electrical Administrative Board will develop another criteria; inspired by the electrical administrative boards of other states.
Issue: [14-1]
Contact: Mike Anthony, Jack Janveja, Richard Robben, Kane Howard
Category: Electrical, State & Local Legislation
Link to Issue 14-1 Legacy Website
LEARN MORE:
Wide Variations in State Adoptions of the NEC® Reveal Neglect of Electrical Safety
“Two Weeks in the Wilderness”| Alexis de Tocqueville
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“The Big Chill” Morning Coffee
“Amazing tradition.
They throw a great party for you
on the one day they know you can’t come.”
Michael Shellenberger (University of Texas Austin): Return of the Strong Gods
R.R. Reno: Nationalism, Populism, and the Future of the West
‘The Big Chill’ cast reunites after 30 years | NBC News
Roger Scruton: Why Are Intellectuals Mostly Left?
Amy Wax: The Perilous Quest for Equal Results in Academia
University of Oxford: Tackling Corruption in the University
Th0mas Sowell: How to spot a lying intellectual socialist
Heather MacDonald: Feminist Takeover of Academia
Jordan Peterson: Intellectual Corruption of Colleges and Universities
Douglas Murray: Has academia has turned on Christopher Columbus?
40 years ago today, “The Big Chill,” a movie about a group of U-M grads written and directed by alum Lawrence Kasdan, debuted in theaters. 🎥 pic.twitter.com/fUVDNGXSNW
— Alumni Association of the University of Michigan (@michiganalumni) September 28, 2023
George H.W. Bush 1991 University of Michigan Commencement Speech on “Political Correctness”
“Ironically, on the 200th anniversary of our Bill of Rights, we find free speech under assault throughout the United States, including on some college campuses. The notion of political correctness has ignited controversy across the land. And although the movement arises from the laudable desire to sweep away the debris of racism and sexism and hatred, it replaces old prejudice with new ones. It declares certain topics off-limits, certain expression off-limits, even certain gestures off-limits.”
Lumberjack Latte
Michigan Technological University Financial Position 2024: $479,190,705
Chang K. Park Center for Student Wellness ($55M gift to open in Fall 2028)
The clarity of this first hour—the pensive hope of winter—the ritual morning brings. These are the things. pic.twitter.com/CwdExLn5gC
— 1000yearhouse (@1000yearhouse) January 27, 2026
New update alert! The 2022 update to the Trademark Assignment Dataset is now available online. Find 1.29 million trademark assignments, involving 2.28 million unique trademark properties issued by the USPTO between March 1952 and January 2023: https://t.co/njrDAbSpwB pic.twitter.com/GkAXrHoQ9T
— USPTO (@uspto) July 13, 2023
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