Tag Archives: D4

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Reconditioned Electrical Equipment

We have been following an international conversation on the safe and effective application of reconditioned electrical equipment (RCEE) for the better part of ten years now.   Threads of the conversation originating in consensus documents developed by the International Electrotechnical Commission, the CSA Group, the National Association of Electrical Equipment and Medical Imaging Manufacturers (NEMA) and others.   The safe and practical application of reconditioned electrical equipment — though not necessarily economical — is debated in detail in the  National Electrical Code (NEC);  a document in which we have advocated for the education facilities industry since 1993.

Not all electrical equipment is suitable for reconditioning but enough of it can such that specification of RCEE significantly lowers #TotalCostofOwnership for the $300 billion education facilities industry in the United States; the primary goal of Standards Michigan and its 50-state affiliates.  According to the National Electrical Manufacturers Association, the following RCEE is suitable:

  • Industrial and commercial panel boards
  • Low and medium voltage power circuit breakers
  • Low and medium voltage replaceable link fuses
  • Low voltage switchgear
  • Manual and magnetic controllers
  • Medium voltage switchgear
  • Metallic conduit, tubing, raceways and fittings
  • Motor control centers
  • Motors
  • Switchboards
  • Uninterruptible Power Supply Equipment

The length of this list is a topic upon which good minds disagree; especially internationally.   Whether or not the largest non-residential building construction market in the United States (with new construction running at a clip of $80 billion annually) takes advantage of developments in technology that help manufacturers effectively “re-cycle” the largest components of a building power chain is a discussion for another day.    The IEEE Education & Healthcare Facilities Committee drills down into details of this nature and is now soliciting comment on the proposed actions of IEEE SCC-18; the IEEE committee which, by charter, is aligned with user-interests in the US standards system.  As we explain in our ABOUT,  the general public — and even many industry insiders —  are not aware of the economic consequences to all industries when regulatory products are written only by incumbent interests.

Suffice to say that even if the US education facilities industry does not apply RCEE to reduce the cost of a new building (by about 1 percent) its competitors internationally will and are.

The 2020 NEC is nearing the completion of its revision cycle.   A milestone was completed in early November when all of the 20-0dd technical committees in San Diego.   Dozens of breakout task groups are forming to sort through public response to proposed changes to the 2017 NEC which will become the 2020 NEC this time next year.   Proposals regarding RCEE landed on the agenda of nearly all 20-odd NEC technical committees.   Standards Michigan has tenure in Code Making Panel 1, the committee with oversight about how all other technical committees determine the safe and practical application of RCEE.

Cutting to the chase then, linked below is the first of several transcripts that track CMP-1 debate:

NFPA 70 National Electrical Code Workspace

Admittedly, very technical stuff.   Few will pay attention to these specifics until something bad happens (perhaps six years from now) so, to avoid something bad happening, we pay attention to it now.   We always collaborate with IEEE JTC/PES/IAS and IEEE E&H Committee which meets online twice every month. 

Issue: [16-102]

Category: Electrical, #SmartCampus

Colleagues: Mike Anthony,  Robert G. Arno, Neal Dowling, James R. Harvey, Richard Robben

Readings / Evaluating Water-Damaged Electrical Equipment

 

 

(C)onnected & (A)utomated (V)ehicle Code

Satire on Steam Coaches (1831) / H. T. Alken

The CSA America Standards organization has launched a new best practice title — CSA T150 Connected & Automated Vehicle Code — that may, at the very least, guide the safety and sustainability agenda of many large research universities that have transportation service units.   Many governments direct research funding toward transportation so this product may inform the practicality of academic research.

The CSA Group announcement, made through ANSI’s Project Initiation Notification platform, is paraphrased below:

Project Need: To support innovation and deployment in the field of connected and autonomous vehicles by providing infrastructure requirements for the installation and safe operations of CAVs and corresponding infrastructure in the North American context.  

Stakeholders: This proposed Code is being developed at the request of industry and manufacturers. It will provide the industry with the technical requirements and standards of safe operation of CAVs. This will meet the strategic needs of the following key interests:

(a) Ensuring that the latest innovative/technology/safety features are available for users,

(b) Addressing needs of regulators by providing suitable requirements;

(c) Supporting certification bodies.

The connected and automated vehicle (CAV) code specifies infrastructure requirements for CAVs operating or intended to operate in both on-road and off-road environments in order to address public safety, security, and privacy challenges. The code includes, but is not limited to, physical and digital infrastructure. Consideration is given to cybersecurity, interoperability, data management, data privacy, data integrity, human aspects, and accessibility. The CAV code is intended to primarily address issues related to public safety, security, and privacy in conjunction with detailed knowledge of the legal, regulatory, and technological landscape, and ensuring compliance with all relevant and applicable law. The CAV code is not intended as a design specification nor as an instruction manual for untrained persons.

According to the public comment page this title was open for consultation for less than 30 days.

This is an ambitious undertaking and certain to inspire competition among competitor conformance and certification organizations.   Accordingly, we will follow the developmental path of the proposed “Code”.   We encourage direct participation in the CSA Group’s standards development program by students, faculty and staff in the education industry.

CSA Group Standards Home Page

Public Review

Standards Michigan will continue to be a resource for education facility managers, academic researchers and any other final fiduciary (user-interest) in the public or private sector who need cross-cutting perspective.  This title appears on the standing agenda of our periodic Mobility colloquia.  See our CALENDAR for the next online meeting; open to everyone.

Photo Credit: Center for Digital Education

Issue: [19-146]

Category: Transportation & Parking

Colleagues: Mike Anthony, Paul Green, Jack Janveja, Richard Robben

Source: ANSI Standards Action


More

CAN/CSA D250-2016

Ontario Reg. 129/10 School Buses

Connected and Automated Vehicle Technologies – Insights for Codes and Standards in Canada

Metals

Hephaestus: God of Fire, Metalwork, and Building

MasterFormat Division 5: Metals

 

Today we refresh our understanding of action in the catalogs of the following standards developers in the metalwork domain:

American Society of Mechanical Engineers

ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code Section IX Welding

Determining Strength of Corroded Pipelines

American Welding Society

ASTM International

Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers

Human-centered augmented reality manual arc welding active safety design

International Code Council

International Building Code Chapter 22 Steel
International Fire Code Chapter 35 Welding and Other Hot Work

International Electrotechnical Commission TC 26

International Standardization Organization TC/44

National Fire Protection Association

National Electrical Code Article 630 Electric Welders
Install 50 Amp welder outlet circuit in workshop for 220/240 VAC MIG welder

National Electrical Code CMP-12

Electrical Safety in the Workplace

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Welding, Cutting and Brazing

Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors

Welding Mathematics

Open to everyone.  Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.

Readings

The troubled history of vocational education

Smith-Hughes Act of 1917


Welding technology has evolved over centuries, and it’s difficult to credit a single person with advancing it because they each played a role in the “gales of innovation” described by Joseph Schumpeter.  Here are a few notable individuals:

  1. Sir Humphry Davy (1778-1829): Davy, an English chemist and inventor, is often credited with the discovery of the electric arc, a critical development in welding technology. His work laid the foundation for many modern welding processes.
  2. Elihu Thomson (1853-1937): Thomson, an American engineer and inventor, made substantial contributions to electric welding technology. He improved the design of welding machines and was a pioneer in developing the resistance welding process.
  3. Nikolay Benardos (1842-1905): A Russian inventor and engineer, Benardos is often credited with patenting one of the first arc welding methods using carbon electrodes. His work helped popularize arc welding as a practical joining method.
  4. C.L. Coffin (1877-1959): Coffin, an American engineer, played a crucial role in the development of the submerged arc welding process. This method is still widely used in heavy industry for its high deposition rates.
  5. Charles Picard and Auguste De Meritens: These two inventors are credited with developing the first successful welding process using a consumable electrode, known as metal-arc welding. Their work laid the foundation for modern stick welding.
  6. Carl Wilhelm Siemens (1823-1883): Siemens, a German engineer, made significant contributions to the development of gas welding. His work with gas flames laid the groundwork for the oxyfuel welding and cutting processes that became essential in industry.
  7. Percy Spencer (1894-1970): Spencer, an American engineer, accidentally discovered microwave heating while working with radar equipment during World War II. His discovery indirectly contributed to the development of microwave welding techniques.

These individuals are the first names that collectively advanced welding technology.

Determining Strength of Corroded Pipelines

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

As cities-within-cities many colleges and universities own and maintain at least 10 miles —  and possibly up to 1000 miles —  of underground piping for water, steam and natural gas; much of it under pressure within buildings or in outside, underground tunnels.  The American Society of Mechanical Engineers develops a suite of standards for these, and many other piping systems:

ASME B31 Piping System Standards

Fluids running under pressure are a significant infrastructure hazard in educational and all communities

ASME has released a redline of  B31 Manual for Determining the Remaining Strength of Corroded Pipelines for public comment:

ANSI Standards Action Pages 137 – 139

ASME often posts its redlines in ANSI Standards Action as well as on its standard development platform:

https://cstools.asme.org/

This document is intended solely for the purpose of providing guidance in the evaluation of metal loss in pressurized pipelines and piping systems.

Comments are due July 26th.

You may send comments (with optional copy to psa@ansi.org) to: Ray Rahaman, rahamanr@asme.org

The ASME consensus product line is on the standing agenda of our periodic Mechanical, Energy and Nota Bene teleconferences.  See our CALENDAR for the next online meeting; open to everyone.

Issue: [19-148]

Category: District Energy, Energy, Mechanical

Colleagues: Richard Robben, Larry Spielvogel

 

 

 

Drivers and Barriers to Implementation of Connected, Automated, Shared, and Electric Vehicles

 

Drivers and Barriers to Implementation of Connected, Automated, Shared, and Electric Vehicles

An Agenda for Future Research

 

Abstract:  Several converging trends appear to reshape the way citizens and goods move about. These trends are social, including urbanization and population growth, and technological, such as increased automation and connectivity. All these factors influence the market for connected, automated, shared and electric (CASE) vehicles, which presents many opportunities and challenges. The pace of the shift to a profoundly penetrated market for CASE vehicles is far from secure. Such transformation depends on the development of technologies, consumer attitudes, and policies. An expanding body of research has investigated the potential social and behavioral results of deploying CASE vehicles. However, most academic literature to date concentrates on technological issues linked to these vehicles.

There are several teams from federal and state agencies, OEMs, academia, startups, and consortiums working on this complex subject. This study investigates several academic papers, as well as federal and industry reports, considering all the stakeholders mentioned above. Its aim is to present a comprehensive picture of the implementation barriers and drivers of CASE vehicle usage and provide suggestions to solve them. The findings confirm that several issues are currently affecting the implementation of CASE vehicles on the road. Although there have been significant partnerships and collaborations between CASE vehicle stakeholders, namely technology companies, federal-state agencies, and academic scholars, considerable work is still required to solve the remaining barriers facing CASE-related technologies. This would enable decision-makers to create effective policies for future transportation networks and increase the speed of CASE vehicle market penetration to enhance road network’s level of service.

Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

Gallery: Electric Vehicle Fire Risk

College dormitory information environment based on Internet of Things

 

Research of the construction of the college dormitory information environment based on Internet of Things

Jinhua Chen – Zhong Li – Jing Song – Ying Li

Yibin University

 

Abstract: According to the practical application demand of the college dormitory, combined with principle, architecture, and technical of Internet of Things, a college dormitory construction scheme is proposed based on the Internet of Things. The scheme concludes technical framework improvements of the Internet of Things for application, discussion of the networking mechanisms, implementations of technical details and design of network nodes. It presents a multi-frequency-multi-structure network architecture. Test results of typical application parameters show that the practical application of the scheme in a college dormitory is feasible.

CLICK HERE to order complete paper

Performance Monitoring for Power Plants

“A View of Murton Colliery near Seaham, County Durham” (1843) / John Wilson Carmichael

The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) has registered a Project Initiation Notification with ANSI to launch a revision to its consensus product ASME PM-202x, Performance Monitoring for Power Plants.  This product should interest stakeholders in involved in college and universities with district energy plants — facility management staffs, consulting engineers, operations and maintenance staff.

From the project prospectus:

These Guidelines cover fossil-fueled power plants, gas-turbine power plants operating in combined cycle, and a balance-of-plant portion including interface with the steam supply system of nuclear power plants.  They include performance monitoring concepts, a description of various methods available, and means for evaluating particular applications.

Since the original publication of these Guidelines in 1993—then limited to steam power plants—the field of performance monitoring (PM) has gained considerable importance.  The lifetime of plant equipment has been improved, while economic demands have increased to extend it even further by careful monitoring.  The PM techniques themselves have also been transformed, largely by the emergence of electronic data acquisition as the dominant method of obtaining the necessary information.

These Guidelines present:

• “Fundamental Considerations”—of PM essentials prior to the actual application, so you enter fully appraised of all the requirements, potential benefits and likelihood of tradeoffs of the PM program. 

• “Program Implementation”—where the concepts of PM implementation, diagnostics and cycle interrelationships have been brought into closer conjunction, bringing you up-to-date with contemporary practice.

• “Case Studies / Diagnostic Examples”—from the large amount of experience and historical data that has been accumulated since 1993.

Intended for employees of power plants and engineers involved with all aspects of power production.

From ANSI’s PINS registry:

Project Need: This document is being developed in order to address performance monitoring and optimization techniques for different power generating facilities. The latest trends and initiatives in performance monitoring as well as practical case studies and examples will be incorporated.

Stakeholders: Designers, producers/manufacturers, owners, operators, consultants, users, general interest, laboratories, regulatory/government, and distributors.

This document will cover power generation facilities including steam generators, steam turbines, and steam turbine cycles (including balance of plant of nuclear facilities), gas turbines, and combined cycles. The guidelines include performance monitoring concepts, a description of various methods available, and means for evaluating particular applications.

No comments are due at this time.   The PINS announcement was placed on October 11th*.   The PINS registry is a stakeholder mapping platform that identifies the beginning of a formal process that may interest other accredited, competitor standards developers.   Many ASME consensus products may be indirectly referenced in design guidelines and construction contracts with the statement “Conform to all applicable codes”

The landing page for the ASME standards development enterprise is linked below:

ASME C&S Connect

Note that you will need to set up a (free) account to access this and other ASME best practice titles.

We maintain all ASME consensus products on the standing agenda of our periodic Mechanical and Energy teleconferences.   See our CALENDAR for the next online meeting; open to everyone.

University of Michigan

Issue: [19-148]

Category: District Energy, Energy, Mechanical

Colleagues: Richard Robben, Larry Spielvogel


LEARN MORE:

ANSI Standards Action

Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code

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