Category Archives: Food/Kitchen/Farm/Agriculture

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Friday End of Workweek Provocation: Chemistry of Beer

Nourriture d’automne

 

Split Pea Soup & Ham

Capra hircus

Goat farming is an important source of livelihood for many small-scale farmers in developing countries, particularly in regions such as sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. The FAO estimates that more than 90% of the world’s goats are raised in developing countries, where they provide a critical source of food and income for rural communities.

Overall, the global goat farming industry continues to grow, driven by increasing demand for goat meat and milk products, as well as the potential for sustainable agriculture practices.

Advantages:

Low start-up costs: Goat farming requires relatively low start-up costs compared to other types of agriculture. Goats are small animals that do not require much space, and they can be raised in a variety of environments, from small backyard farms to large commercial operations.

High productivity: Goats are known for their high reproductive rate, which allows farmers to increase their herd size quickly. They are also efficient at converting food into milk and meat, making them a profitable investment for farmers.

Multiple uses: Goats can be raised for meat, milk, and fiber, making them a versatile livestock option. Additionally, their manure can be used as fertilizer, and they can be used for weed control on farms and other properties.

Sustainable farming: Goat farming can be a sustainable agricultural practice, as goats do not require large amounts of feed or water, and they can be raised on marginal lands that are unsuitable for other types of agriculture.

Disadvantages:

Predation: Goats are vulnerable to predation by coyotes, dogs, and other predators, which can be a significant problem for farmers, especially in rural areas.

Disease susceptibility: Goats are susceptible to a variety of diseases, some of which can be difficult to diagnose and treat. Additionally, some diseases can be transmitted to humans, making it important for farmers to take precautions when handling their animals.

Market volatility: The demand for goat products can be volatile, and prices can fluctuate significantly based on supply and demand. This can make it challenging for farmers to predict their income and manage their finances.

Labor intensive: Goat farming can be labor-intensive, especially during kidding and milking seasons. This can make it difficult for farmers to manage their workload, especially if they have a large herd.

Girl with a Goat | Benton County Arkansas

 

Animal Safety

“Mountain High Apple Pie”

North Carolina State University Facilities

 

Kitchens 300

Standards North Carolina

Lemonade


University of Florida College of Agriculture and Life Sciences

More

United States Department of Agriculture: Frozen Concentrate for Lemonade Grades and Standards

United States Food & Drug Administration: Canned Fruit Juices

Spoon University: My Perfect Lemonade Recipe

Standards Florida

Animal Safety

“One of the Family” 1880 | Frederick George Cotman

NFPA 150 Fire and Life Safety in Animal Housing Facilities Code has entered its s025 revision cycle.   Many education communities are responsible for animal safety in academic units, research enterprises. museums and even — as in the United Kingdom — large farm animals that wander freely on campus with students, faculty and staff.  The number of colleges and universities that permit students to live with their pets has expanded; and with it the responsibilities of university administration.

From the document scope:

This standard shall provide the minimum requirements for the design, construction, fire protection, and classification of animal housing facilities.  The requirements of NFPA 150 recognize the following fundamental principles:

(1) Animals are sentient beings with a value greater than that of simple property.

(2) Animals, both domesticated and feral, lack the ability of self-preservation when housed in buildings and other structures.

(3) Current building, fire, and life safety codes do not address the life safety of the animal occupants. The requirements found in NFPA 150 are written with the intention that animal housing facilities will continue to be designed, constructed, and maintained in accordance with the applicable building, fire, and life safety codes.

The requirements herein are not intended to replace or rewrite the basic requirements for the human occupants. Instead, NFPA 150 provides additional minimum requirements for the protection of the animal occupants and the human occupants who interact with those animals in these facilities. 

 

A full description of the project is linked below:

Fire and Life Safety in Animal Housing Facilities Code

Access to the 2025 Edition is linked below:

FREE ACCESS NFPA 150

We provide the transcript of the back-and-forth on the current 2022 edition to inform how education communities can contribute to the improvement of this title; a subject that stirs deep feelings about animal safety in research enterprises.

NFPA 150 First Draft Agenda

NFPA 150 Second Draft Report

Public comment on the Second Draft of the 2025 Edition will be received until March 27, 2024.   

We have been advocating risk-informed animal safety concepts in this document since the 2013 Edition and have found that it is nearly impossible to overestimate the sensitivity of educational communities to the life safety of animals — either for agriculture or medical research.

We maintain the entire NFPA catalog on the standing agenda of our Prometheus colloquia.  See our CALENDAR for the next online meeting; open to everyone.

"i thank You God for most this amazing day:for the leaping greenly spirits of trees and a blue true dream of sky;and for everything which is natural which is infinite which is yes" -- e.e.cummings ('Seventy-One Poems' 1950)

 

Issue: [11-1] and [19-5]

Category: Fire Protection, Facility Asset Management, Academic, Risk Management

Colleagues: Mike Anthony, Josh Elvove, Joe DeRosier

More:

Protecting Animals When Disaster Strikes

Animals 300


 


Bibliography:

25 Most Pet-Friendly Colleges

National Institute of Health: Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

International Building Code: Section 304 (Business Group B): Animal hospitals, kennels and pounds

Terrestrial Animal Health Code

IEEE Guide for Animal Deterrents for Electric Power Supply Substations

ASHRAE Animal Facilities

IEEE Livestock Monitoring System

Ventilation Design Handbook on Animal Research Facilities

HVAC Design in Animal Facilities

USDA Animal Welfare Information Center

ISO Assistance Dogs

US Department of Agriculture: Animal Welfare Act and Animal Welfare Regulations

S. 4288: Reducing Animal Testing Act

Guaranteeing safety of animals under risk of fire: conceptual framework and technical issues analysis

Protecting Animals When Disaster Strikes

 

County Fair

Standards Arizona | Other Agricultural Extension Offices

Chandler High School

4-H is a U.S.-based network of youth organizations whose mission is “engaging youth to reach their fullest potential while advancing the field of youth development”. Its name is a reference to the occurrence of the initial letter H four times in the organization’s original motto head, heart, hands, and health, which was later incorporated into the fuller pledge officially adopted in 1927.  In the United States, the organization is administered by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture of the United States Department of Agriculture.

Maricopa County Cooperative Extension

Farm Electrical Power

Agriculture

Before the Harvest

Pomegranates: How and When to Pick

Standards Utah | Extension Service

The pomegranate is a significant symbol in Jewish tradition, particularly during Rosh Hashanah, the Jewish New Year. Its symbolism is rooted in both its physical characteristics and its cultural and spiritual associations.

Abundance and Fertility: Pomegranates are filled with numerous seeds, which symbolize abundance, fertility, and prosperity. During Rosh Hashanah, a time of renewal and hope for a sweet and bountiful year, eating pomegranates reflects the wish for a year filled with blessings and plenty.

Mitzvot and Righteousness: Jewish tradition often associates the pomegranate’s many seeds—traditionally said to number 613—with the 613 commandments (mitzvot) in the Torah. Consuming pomegranates during Rosh Hashanah expresses the hope that one’s life will be filled with good deeds and adherence to these commandments in the coming year.

Renewal and New Beginnings: Rosh Hashanah marks the start of the Jewish year, a time for introspection, repentance, and setting intentions for personal growth. The pomegranate, as a fruit that ripens around this season in the Mediterranean region, symbolizes renewal and the potential for a fresh start.

Connection to the Land of Israel: Pomegranates are one of the seven species (Shivat Haminim) mentioned in the Torah as special products of the Land of Israel (Deuteronomy 8:8). Their inclusion in Rosh Hashanah celebrations reinforces the connection to the land and its blessings, evoking gratitude and a sense of rootedness in Jewish heritage.

Hope and Sweetness: On Rosh Hashanah, it is customary to eat sweet foods to symbolize the hope for a sweet year. While pomegranates have a tart-sweet flavor, they are often included in the festive meal or ritual foods, accompanied by a blessing such as: “May it be Your will, O Lord our God, that our merits be as numerous as the seeds of a pomegranate.”

During Rosh Hashanah, pomegranates may be eaten fresh, incorporated into dishes, or displayed as part of the festive table. Some communities recite a specific blessing or prayer when eating the pomegranate, emphasizing its symbolic meaning. The fruit’s vibrant red color and seed-filled interior make it a powerful visual and spiritual emblem for the holiday’s themes of hope, abundance, and spiritual growth. This symbolism aligns with the broader themes of Rosh Hashanah: reflection, renewal, and the aspiration for a year filled with goodness and divine favor.

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