Het Concerthuis
Entstehung der High Society
“Being an artist means not numbering and counting, but ripening like a tree, which doesn’t force its sap, and stands confidently in the storms of spring, not afraid that afterward summer may not come. It does come. But it comes only to those who are patient, who are there as if eternity lay before them, so unconcernedly silent and vast.”
Deutsches Institut für Normung
What Is A Standard Drink?
“It’s a fine line between Saturday night
and Sunday morning” – Jimmy Buffett
“Rather a bottle in front of me
than a frontal lobotomy” — Some guy
Many people are surprised to learn what counts as a “drink”. The amount of liquid in your glass, can, or bottle does not necessarily match up to how much alcohol is actually in your drink. Even before the United States federal government withdrew from regulating alcohol, the conversation, and degree of agreement and attitude, remains remarkably regionally specific:
Missouri University of Science & Technology: What is a Standard Drink?
University of South Alabama: What is a Standard Drink?
Stanford University Office of Alcohol Policy and Education
Other nations serve alcohol to students on campus in university owned facilities.
Maynooth University Student Union County Kildare
I didn’t know that🤔 pic.twitter.com/rMT3X2fCN0
— Alix (@AlixG_2) August 17, 2024
For anyone who cares.. I have 2866 DAYS of sobriety ❤️ pic.twitter.com/PBKAle2m4c
— 🎀 Sᴀʀᴀʜ 🎨 Aʀᴛɪsᴛ 🎀 (@SarahXArt) December 30, 2025
— Dr. Maya C. Popa (@MayaCPopa) May 26, 2023
Casual reminder that Wisconsin has more bars than grocery stores pic.twitter.com/dG8YYRkoKd
— Midwest vs. Everybody (@midwestern_ope) March 30, 2025
not sure if anyone cares on here, but I’ve been sober 1 year today❤️🩹 pic.twitter.com/q33BaYPXPx
— Sophia Chloe 🇱🇷🇬🇧 (@_Hani_945) December 27, 2025
LIVE: KAFA 97.7 FM | THE ACADEMY
“We see that the Pacific theater presents significantly longer distances than any theater we operated in the recent past, and that’s going to present some pretty significant fuel/logistic supply chain risk,” said DAD Roberto Guerrero.https://t.co/ncdcEwP6d3
— Air Force Energy (@AFEnergy) May 15, 2023
How many pounds of stuffing can a C-5 carry? Asking for a friend… #HappyThanksgiving @TeamCharleston @Travis60AMW pic.twitter.com/kKkBIEC5py
— Air Force Energy (@AFEnergy) November 23, 2021
Barbering & Cosmetology Academies
‘The Barber of Seville’ by Luis Alvarez Catalá
Codes, standards and licensing for barbering schools and cosmetology academies are governed by local regulations; or local adaptations of national standards-setting organizations.
Northern Michigan University | Marquette County
- Minimum Floor Space
- Schools must provide adequate space for instruction and practice. For example, California requires a minimum of 3,000 square feet for cosmetology schools (which often include barbering), with at least 2,000 square feet dedicated to working, practice, and classroom areas. Additional space (e.g., 30 square feet per student beyond the first 50) may be required as enrollment increases.
- Rooms for practical work must be sized appropriately, such as at least 14 feet wide for one row of barber chairs or 20 feet for two rows (California standard).
- Ceiling Height
- Practice and classroom areas often require a minimum ceiling height, such as 9 feet, to ensure proper ventilation and comfort (e.g., California Building Code).
- Floor Finish
- Floors in areas like restrooms or workspaces must be made of nonabsorbent materials (e.g., tile) to facilitate cleaning and maintain hygiene.
- Separation from Other Uses
- Barbering schools must be distinct entities, not combined with residential spaces or unrelated businesses (e.g., Nevada’s NAC 643.500).
- Compliance with Local Building and Zoning Codes
- Facilities must adhere to local ordinances for construction, occupancy, and zoning, ensuring the building is structurally sound and legally permitted for educational use (e.g., Virginia’s 18VAC41-20-270).
- Accessibility
- Buildings must comply with accessibility standards (e.g., ADA in the U.S.), providing ramps, wide doorways, and accessible restrooms.
This Pennsylvania barbershop is helping children build their confidence, paying young customers $3 to read stories aloud while getting a haircut deserves unlimited retweets..
— Kevin W. (@Brink_Thinker) April 16, 2025
Occupational Safety and Health Administration: Bloodborne Pathogen Safety Standards
Westfield High School now offers a 4-year barbering program — first of its kind in Spring ISD. Read more about this pathway to career success at https://t.co/xLEvktuPWW pic.twitter.com/opBmeGGxhN
— Spring ISD (@SpringISD) October 4, 2021
- Fire Safety
- Compliance with the State Uniform Fire Prevention and Building Code (e.g., New York’s 19 NYCRR Parts 600-1250) or equivalent, including fire exits, extinguishers, and alarms.
- Emergency exits must be clearly marked and unobstructed.
- Electrical Safety
- All electrical equipment (e.g., clippers, dryers) must be regularly inspected (e.g., PAT testing in some regions) to prevent shocks or fires.
- Ventilation and Temperature Control
- Adequate ventilation systems are required to maintain air quality and a safe working temperature, protecting students and instructors from fumes or overheating.
- First Aid and Emergency Preparedness
- A stocked first aid kit must be available, and schools should have protocols for handling accidents or emergencies.
- Equipment Safety
- Tools and workstations (e.g., chairs, sinks) must be maintained in good condition to prevent injuries. Hazardous tools like razor-edged implements for callus removal are often prohibited (e.g., California regulations).
- Occupational Safety
- Compliance with OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) or state equivalents, such as Virginia’s Department of Labor and Industry standards, to protect against workplace hazards like chemical exposure or repetitive strain.
Haircut at Santisimo Sacramento Trade School. Best cut ever! Bill at State Street Barber Shop remains N. America’s #1 pic.twitter.com/1OFajjBOs2
— Coach Harbaugh (@CoachJim4UM) May 16, 2015
Hygiene
- Sanitation of Facilities
- Schools must be kept clean and sanitary at all times, including floors, walls, furniture, and workstations (e.g., Virginia’s 18VAC41-20-270).
- Disinfection of Tools
- Each student or instructor must have a wet disinfection unit at their station for sterilizing reusable tools (e.g., combs, shears) after each use. Disinfectants must be EPA-registered and bactericidal, virucidal, and fungicidal.
- Single-use items (e.g., razor blades) must be discarded after each client in a labeled sharps container.
- Hand Hygiene
- Practitioners must wash hands with soap and water or use hand sanitizer before services (e.g., Texas Rule 83.102).
- Client Protection
- Sanitary neck strips or towels must be used to prevent capes from contacting clients’ skin directly (e.g., California regulations).
- Services cannot be performed on inflamed, broken, or infected skin, and practitioners with such conditions on their hands must wear gloves.
- Product Safety
- Cosmetic products containing FDA-banned hazardous substances are prohibited, and all products must be used per manufacturer instructions (e.g., Virginia’s 18VAC41-20-270).
- Waste Management
- Proper disposal of soiled items (e.g., hair clippings) and hazardous waste (e.g., blades) is required, often daily or after each client.
- Health Department Compliance
- Schools must follow state health department guidelines and report inspection results (e.g., Virginia requires reporting to the Board of Barbers and Cosmetology).
- Self-Inspection
- Annual self-inspections must be documented and retained for review (e.g., Virginia mandates keeping records for five years).
This teacher saw one of his students waiting to get a haircut and stumbled upon a simple solution: Reading.
Now, the Barbershop Books program is changing lives: pic.twitter.com/yiluRPhHPk
— The Root (@TheRoot) April 1, 2018
Discussion
- State-Specific Variations: Always consult your state’s barbering or cosmetology board for exact requirements. For instance, Texas (TDLR) emphasizes signage and licensing display, while California focuses on detailed sterilization methods.
- Inspections: Schools are subject to regular inspections by state boards or health departments to ensure compliance.
Cosmetology (as time allows)
Posting this cause I passed all my tests and got my 1600 hours IM A COSMETOLOGIST/BARBER NOW 👏👏👏 pic.twitter.com/CmEXVtOrk4
— ᴊᴇss ʜᴇss🦥 (@jjesshess) June 8, 2019
Got my hair done from a friend who is in cosmetology school today & she did so good!! pic.twitter.com/KEtWWpNueZ
— Megan Groat (@megs_mohrhard) March 20, 2025
He changes his life by touching the desent and victimized disabled person.
— Enezator (@Enezator) April 7, 2025
Quadrivium: Autumn
We are curating this post — which appears every day — thus its spareness. Much of the content — dating back five years — will be archived. We will roll out updates over the next few weeks.
As always, we are on line every day at 11 AM Eastern time for videoconferencing or telephone calls.
University of Hawai’i Phases of the Moon
ICC Official Announcement — Group A Proposal Window Opened November 2
Proposals will be received until January 12, 2027. That gives ICC Group A proponents just over ten weeks to prepare and submit code change proposals, including the Thanksgiving, Christmas and New Year holidays. Those among us who have participated in the International Code Council Standards Development process are familiar with its jankiness in recent years. We will be adjusting our topical coverage on our CALENDAR in the days and weeks ahead.
National Conference of State Legislatures: Educational Settlements as Polling Places
OECD | Mobility, visas and the changing geography of the university
INC: When enrollment falls, costs don’t
Amazon (October 2): No more NDA’s and $1B into data center communities
October 1: University of Michigan × Los Alamos Research Computing Center “Town Hall”
ANSI Standards Action November 6, 2026 | Bulletin Board
“How sad would be November if we had no knowledge of the spring”
— Edwin Way Teale (Circle of the Seasons, 1953)
§
Radio 400
“The wireless age has brought us closer together,
yet we must work to ensure that it does not divide us.”
— Guglielmo Marconi
When the electric grid and the internet are down and there is no cell service, radio can still work to help communities stabilize. Starting 2024 we will break down our coverage of the radio frequency technology standards used in educational settlements into into two categories:
Radio 300: Security and maintenance radio. These usually use a single radio channel and operate in a half-duplex mode: only one user on the channel can transmit at a time, so users in a user group must take turns talking. The radio is normally in receive mode so the user can hear all other transmissions on the channel. When the user wants to talk he presses a “push-to-talk” button, which turns off the receiver and turns on the transmitter; when he releases the button the receiver is activated again. Multiple channels are provided so separate user groups can communicate in the same area without interfering with each other.
Note that a core title in this domain — NFPA 1802 Standard on Two-Way, Portable RF Voice Communications Devices for Use by Emergency Services Personnel in the Hazard Zone — is part of an NFPA catalog reorganization. Best practice content will be rolled into NFPA 1300 Standard on Fire and Emergency Service Use of Thermal Imagers, Two-Way Portable RF Voice Communication Devices, Ground Ladders, and Fire Hose, and Fire Hose Appliances.
As of this posting APCO International has no public consultations on any titles in its public safety radio standards catalog.
Radio 400: Student radio. College radio stations are typically considered to be public radio radio stations in the way that they are funded by donation and grants. The term “Public radio” generally refers to classical music, jazz, and news. A more accurate term is community radio, as most staff are volunteers, although many radio stations limit staff to current or recent students instead of anyone from the local community. There has been a fair amount of drama over student-run radio station history; a topic we steer away from.
The Low Power FM radio service was created by the Commission in January 2000. LPFM stations are authorized for noncommercial educational broadcasting only (no commercial operation) and operate with an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100 watts (0.1 kilowatts) or less, with maximum facilities of 100 watts ERP at 30 meters (100 feet) antenna height above average terrain. The approximate service range of a 100 watt LPFM station is 5.6 kilometers (3.5 miles radius). LPFM stations are not protected from interference that may be received from other classes of FM stations.
Structural Standards for Steel Antenna Towers and Antenna Supporting Structures
We follow — but do not respond — to consultations on titles covering the use of radio frequencies for the Internet of Things. At the moment, most of that evolution happens at the consumer product level; though it is wise to contemplate the use of the electromagnetic spectrum during widespread and extended loss of broadband services.
Maxwell equations: Four lines that provide a complete description of light, electricity and magnetism
We do not include policy specifics regarding the migration of National Public Radio beyond cultural content into political news; though we acknowledge that the growth of publicly financed radio domiciled in education communities is a consideration in the technology of content preparation informed by the Public Broadcasting Act of 1967.
We drill into technical specifics of the following:
- Radios used for campus public safety and campus maintenance
- Student-run campus radio stations licensed by the Federal Communications Commission as Low Power FM (LPFM)
- Facilities for regional broadcast of National Public Radio operating from education communities
- Off-campus transmission facilities such as broadcast towers.
- Grounding, bonding, lightning protection of transmission and receiving equipment on buildings
- Broadcast studio electrotechnologies
Radio technology is regulated by the Federal Communications Commission with no ANSI-accredited standards setting organizations involved in leading practice discovery and promulgation. Again, we do not cover creative and content issues. Join us today at 11 AM/ET using the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.
More
International Telecommunications Union: News Magazine No.1 2022
International Special Committee on Radio Interference
Campus Safety Radio JVCKENWOOD CAMPUS SAFETY 5 TIPS TO LOWER COSTS
Entertainment Occupancies
Today we identify essential works issues related to media production enterprises ahead of the January 7, 2027 deadline for the Group A tranche of codes and standards.
2024 Group A — Complete Code Change Monograph (PDF)
2025 GROUP B PROPOSED CHANGES TO THE I-CODES | Complete Monograph 2630 Pages
N.B.
G73-25 Section 410: Stages, Platforms and Technical Production Areas (Page 591-…) Submitted by the American Society of Theater Consultants
G77-25: Emergency ventilation (Pages 601-…)
G27-25: Type A and B stage definition (Page 490)
G78-25: Technical Production areas (Page 602)
American Society of Theater Consultants | Oberlin College
2024 GROUP A PROPOSED CHANGES TO THE I-CODES | Complete Monograph 2658 Pages
2024/2025/2026 ICC CODE DEVELOPMENT SCHEDULE
“View from the Ancient Theater in Taormina to Mount Etna” c. 1880 Carl Wuttke
Safety and sustainability for any facility begins with an understanding of who shall occupy it. University settings, with mixed-use phenomenon arising spontaneously and temporarily, present challenges and no less so in square-footage identified as performing arts facilities. Education communities present the largest installed base of mixed use and performing arts facilities. A distinction is made between supervised occupants that are in secondary schools (generally under age 18) and unsupervised occupants that are in university facilities (generally above age 18).
First principles regarding occupancy classifications for performing arts facilities appear in Section 303 of the International Building Code Assembly Group A-1. The public edition of the 2021 IBC is linked below:
2024 IBC Chapter 3: Occupancy Classification and Use
Each of the International Code Council code development groups A, B and C; fetch back to these classifications. You can sample the safety concepts in play with an examination of the document linked below:
2019 GROUP B PROPOSED CHANGES TO THE GROUP B I-CODES
2019 GROUP B PUBLIC COMMENT AGENDA
Each of the foregoing documents are lengthy so we recommend using search terms such as “school”, “college”, ‘”university”, “auditorium”, “theater”, “children”, “student” to hasten your cut through it.
We find continuation of lowering of the lighting power densities as noteworthy. Technical committees assembled and managed by the International Code Council, the American Society of Heating & Refrigeration Engineers and the Illumination Engineering Society are leaders in developing consensus products that drive the LED illumination transformation.
The revision schedule for the next tranche of ICC titles that are built upon the foundation of the IBC is linked below:
2024/2025/2026 ICC CODE DEVELOPMENT SCHEDULE
We encourage experts in education communities — facility managers, research and teaching staff, architectural and engineering students — to participate directly in the ICC Code Development process at the link below:
https://www.iccsafe.org/cdpaccess/
We reserve a place on the agenda of our standing Lively 200 colloquia on this topic. See our CALENDAR for the next online meeting; open to everyone.
Issue: [18-166]
Category: Architectural, Healthcare Facilities, Facility Asset Management
Colleagues: Mike Anthony, Jim Harvey, Richard Robben
The International Code Council (ICC) develops its codes and standards through a consensus-driven process. The ICC Code Development Process follows these major stages:
Code Change Proposal Submission
Stakeholders (e.g., government officials, industry professionals, and the public) submit proposals to modify existing codes or introduce new provisions.
Committee Action Hearing (CAH)
Expert committees review and evaluate submitted proposals.
Public testimony is allowed, and committees vote on whether to approve, disapprove, or modify the proposals.
Public Comment Period
After the CAH, the public can submit comments or suggest modifications to the committee’s decisions.
These comments help refine the proposed changes before final voting.
Public Comment Hearing (PCH)
ICC members discuss and vote on public comments.
This step ensures that all voices are heard and debated before finalizing changes.
Online Governmental Consensus Vote (OGCV)
Governmental members vote on the final code changes electronically.
Only governmental voting members (e.g., code officials) participate in this stage to ensure the process remains unbiased.
Publication of New Code Edition
Approved code changes are incorporated into the next edition of the ICC codes.
The ICC updates its codes every three years (e.g., 2021, 2024, 2027 editions).
This structured process ensures that ICC codes remain comprehensive, up-to-date, and responsive to industry needs while maintaining safety and functionality.
Bulletin Board
Branford Public Schools | Electric Buses and Vehicle-to-Grid
Open AI Introducing the Grid Protectors Program
FCC Environmental review of communications infrastructure | November 18
Relevant to our lament on campus antennas, towers, rooftop installations and permitting
NIST RFI: Medical Metrology and Standards | November 30
NFPA 70 National Electrical Code | Modular Data Centers — Proposed TIA 1949 October 30
tFERC Cybersecurity Monitoring of Electric Infrastructure | Comments due December 14
Cornell Donor Revolt: No Confidence Vote on President
CUNY raises record $312 million
University of Minnesota plans $225 million reduction
Teachers’ Unions Face More Competition for Influence in School Board Elections
Trump Account Proposed Regulations | October 20, 2026
University of Notre Dame: Teaching with the Columbus Murals
DOE — Bulk-Power System Security RFI | October 9
Massachusetts Fire Safety Advisory Meeting October 14
RFI: Electromagnetic Fields, Radiofrequency Radiation & Wireless Radiation Exposure | October 21
FERC Cybersecurity Monitoring of Electric Infrastructure | Comments due December 14
NIST SP 800-239 — AI Data Center Security Analysis | September 25
Public consultation on NERC computational-load standard open until September 18
NIST SP 800-209 Rev. 1 — Security Guidelines for Storage Infrastructure | September 8
NFPA 70 | TIA from AHRI on GFCI protection on HVAC equipment | September 6
“Labor omnia vicit improbus” (trans. ‘Steady, unyielding labor conquered all things’)
Georgics, Book I — Publius Vergilius Maro
Standards exist to sustain the ordinary rhythms of civilization. Behind every meal, classroom, laboratory, concert, hospital, farm, playing field and family home stands a network of standards that quietly enables daily life. Our work is to understand, improve and explain those standards in service to the educational settlements they support. ANSI Standards Action
Standards help make the world’s biggest sporting event safer and more competitive. For a brief history of #football to modern safety standards like ASTM’s performance specification for #soccer goals or standards for turf testing, read “Kicking Safety Up a Notch at the World Cup.”…
— ASTM International (@ASTMIntl) July 10, 2026
Are you curious about the impact of NIST’s work on your daily life? Our “NIST In Your State” guide is a great place to start exploring!
See how NIST is making a difference in your state.
Explore at https://t.co/Sh8bkwfLkV pic.twitter.com/ek2SEEvjCL
— National Institute of Standards and Technology (@NIST) July 9, 2026
ANSI ADA 1119-2025 covers a system for coding tooth developmental stages, improving clarity, consistency & interoperability in dental data. From pediatric #Dentistry, #Orthodontics, and forensic use, this standard improves data quality. @AmerDentalAssn https://t.co/ckytZLBprh
— ANSI (@ansidotorg) June 20, 2026
The history of the Python programming language includes NIST, where its creator briefly served as a guest researcher.
Learn more in our latest Taking Measure blog post: https://t.co/5DR8HNh281 pic.twitter.com/zkU3Z9dMHl
— National Institute of Standards and Technology (@NIST) June 12, 2026
You can view a list of all draft @NIST cybersecurity and privacy publications that are open for public comment on the Computer Security Resource Center. Your thoughtful reviews and comments are greatly appreciated and help us improve our publications. https://t.co/uOC96rxHpH pic.twitter.com/3iJoKqshN6
— Cybersecurity @ NIST (@NISTcyber) May 26, 2026
Early-bird registration is now available for the Performance-Based Façade Design (PBFD) Seminar on Durable Façades to be held September 16th to 28th in Venice, Italy. #PBFD2026 #DurableFacades #BuildingPerformance See… https://t.co/B3PcONfvHY pic.twitter.com/zBrXTeKvRF
— ASTM International (@ASTMIntl) May 20, 2026
A NIST researcher has a goal—create a viable alternative to mammograms that is pain-free, highly accurate, and can save even more lives than mammograms do. It’s possible within our lifetimes.
Learn more: https://t.co/WqJqloP5Ec pic.twitter.com/1nGdVmQoLH
— National Institute of Standards and Technology (@NIST) May 21, 2026
Come check out the ASABE 1/4 Scale Student Design Competition at our new competition site: McLean County Fairgrounds, 1106 Interstate Dr., Bloomington, IL, May 28-31. #tractor #students https://t.co/x0lZwyeecr pic.twitter.com/I2fgd24kPj
— ASABE.org (@ASABEorg) May 14, 2026
ANSI invites high school and college students to explore the impact of #Standards on society through the 2025–2026 Student Paper Competition. Students are encouraged to research and write about how standards shape industries, innovation, safety, and daily life.
🏆 #Prize… pic.twitter.com/SvE1alg5Y6
— ANSI (@ansidotorg) May 13, 2026
ASTM’s Board of Directors met in West Conshohocken, PA, April 13-15. Here is a summary of reports made and actions taken at those meetings. https://t.co/yLopmgCg7n pic.twitter.com/tJyzZt8SHc
— ASTM International (@ASTMIntl) May 12, 2026
Young professionals (including students!): make sure to sign up for the @YPC social during AIM. It will be a great time to meet other like-minded professionals in the industry. https://t.co/VIIPLLI1LE pic.twitter.com/weAjRSGJGO
— ASABE.org (@ASABEorg) May 6, 2026
NIST | USPTO | ANSI | IEEE | ICC | ASTM | ASHRAE | UL | TIA | ASME | ASCE | AGA
Michigan Standards Developers : NSF | ACI | NETA | ASABE | HL7 | RIA | JCSEE | BIFMA | PJRFSI | SAE
Global: SA | BSA | NSAI | CSA | CEN & CENELEC | ISO & IEC*
Director John A. Squires. Jack Wallace. Reggie Calhoun Jr. Chelsea Miko.
You’re not going to want to miss this. Authenticity: The Name of the Game.
Register: https://t.co/zFrg5OM4MW#AmericasBrandingAgency #NFLDraft2026 #WorldIPDay #ProtectYourBrand pic.twitter.com/SVS88rcKNb
— USPTO (@uspto) April 17, 2026
Director John A. Squires. Jack Wallace. Reggie Calhoun Jr. Chelsea Miko.
You’re not going to want to miss this. Authenticity: The Name of the Game.
Register: https://t.co/zFrg5OM4MW#AmericasBrandingAgency #NFLDraft2026 #WorldIPDay #ProtectYourBrand pic.twitter.com/SVS88rcKNb
— USPTO (@uspto) April 17, 2026
— National Institute of Standards and Technology (@NIST) April 14, 2026
We thought Project Hail Mary was “amaze amaze amaze,” but what were our thoughts on the science?
Learn more about our NISTy thoughts on this film in our latest Taking Measure blog post: https://t.co/LlOtIkTXcK
Photo Credit: Shutterstock/lev radin pic.twitter.com/xQyLX0LPQl
— National Institute of Standards and Technology (@NIST) April 10, 2026
Do you know the difference between name, image, and likeness (NIL) and a federally registered trademark?
The best offense is a good defense. Protect your brand early. Don’t get faked by deepfakes!
Learn more: https://t.co/8S79YBVUca #AmericasBrandingAgency #NIL #TrademarkBasics pic.twitter.com/MrthPvbR4e
— USPTO (@uspto) April 9, 2026
Cold #beer. Hot coffee. Spicy food. Learn how sensory scientists evaluate aroma, mouthfeel, flavors, and more in the things you use and enjoy every day. Join our guest Ali Schultz @newbelgiumbeer as we discuss sensory science on ASTM’s podcast. Listen where you get your… pic.twitter.com/hOHuoRaK9O
— ASTM International (@ASTMIntl) April 8, 2026
Smart meters generate thousands of data points each year. How do utilities keep that data consistent? ANSI C12.19-2021 defines standardized data tables for utility end devices—supporting interoperability and #SmartGrid communication. @NEMAupdates https://t.co/xsejQGX5gT
— ANSI (@ansidotorg) April 8, 2026
NEW! Download Our 2026 ASTM Standards Catalog
Find all the latest ASTM standards, books, journals, technical reports, related products, and more in our interactive catalog. Use the smart navigation to find exactly what you need and order online.https://t.co/7wUF6nw0OB#ASTM pic.twitter.com/T4lr76V29Q
— ASTM Student Fans (@ASTMStudentFans) March 27, 2026
Based on ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55, Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy, this course covers the theory and principles of the standard. It is intended to bridge the gap between the design practitioner’s knowledge of the built environment and its thermal relationship… pic.twitter.com/4aCsGGUVSK
— ASHRAE News (@ashraenews) March 30, 2026
APRIL 30TH DEADLINE FOR APPLICATIONS: KATHERINE & BRYANT MATHER #SCHOLARSHIP. Available to fulltime undergraduate students completing their sophomore year of college (or later), or graduate students who are pursuing degrees especializing in cement or #concrete materials… pic.twitter.com/wQLaQqJrVj
— ASTM International (@ASTMIntl) March 19, 2026
Find your place in time with an illuminating hybrid NIST lecture open to the public!
🕠Mar. 24, 5:30pm ET
🌐Learn more and register: https://t.co/0iPEVvxaWp pic.twitter.com/S10c9wBoKk
— National Institute of Standards and Technology (@NIST) March 22, 2026
The odds of picking a perfect 64-team #MarchMadness bracket are 1 in 9.2 quintillion! Like the tournament’s history, #Basketball‘s journey is full of unforgettable moments. From peach baskets to global icons, learn how standards play a key role in the game.…
— ANSI (@ansidotorg) March 19, 2026
Students! It’s not too soon to start working on your applications for the Bioprocess Startup and Fountain Wars competitions! Deadline is April 15. https://t.co/lMxIVgjb54 pic.twitter.com/3Mi8pcUd1x
— ASABE.org (@ASABEorg) March 16, 2026
Listen to the latest episode of “Standards Impact” podcast to hear about the importance of ASTM International standards to winter sports. https://t.co/x8Ze0X16yC#safetystandards #podcast pic.twitter.com/JQ9IsX4BO7
— ASTM Student Fans (@ASTMStudentFans) March 17, 2026
Born in Liscannor, Ireland in 1840, submarine inventor John Phillip Holland’s designs were adopted by the U.S. Navy in 1900. Happy St. Patrick’s Day! pic.twitter.com/X4ModlH2uD
— USPTO (@uspto) March 17, 2026
Happy Pi Day from NIST! pic.twitter.com/BcrvH016X4
— National Institute of Standards and Technology (@NIST) March 14, 2026
Risk has always been a part of human society in general and the business world in particular. Standards to create a common language and approach to enterprise risk management aim to minimize those risks. https://t.co/R6acA2tLtx#riskmanagement pic.twitter.com/79c4FtI9mC
— ASTM Student Fans (@ASTMStudentFans) March 2, 2026
Acoustics matter more than we think—and Erik Miller-Klein wants us to listen up. In this video Erik highlights that 39% of building occupants say poor acoustics hurt their ability to work. Yet, less than 10% of U.S. projects involve acoustical designers. Erik challenges us to… pic.twitter.com/Bej3bIg7jx
— ASHRAE News (@ashraenews) March 3, 2026
Last week, the USPTO welcomed our U.K. partners to America’s Innovation Agency and participated in the U.S. – U.K. IP Working Group at the Chamber of Commerce—a bi-annual, industry-led forum hosted with the BritishAmerican Business. pic.twitter.com/dwDD3MlC6t
— USPTO (@uspto) March 4, 2026
3.4 billion people. No plumbing. No electricity. Less than $0.05 per person per day.
That’s the scale—and the solution—behind ISO 30500, an international standard for non-sewered sanitation systems developed through global collaboration, led by ANSI and @AssociationAsn.
In… pic.twitter.com/47ejMbcnQ1
— ANSI (@ansidotorg) March 4, 2026
In honor of NIST’s 125th anniversary this year, anonymous donors commissioned a musical piece from composer @AlexCapMX to honor NIST and its contributions to science.
Learn more (and listen to the piece) in our latest Taking Measure blog post: https://t.co/7Alp1tbl6O pic.twitter.com/FpN3DIfNA3
— National Institute of Standards and Technology (@NIST) March 4, 2026
📣 NSAI is seeking new members for our standards committees
We are establishing new technical committees on Light Gauge Steel, Mass Engineered Timber, and the National Annex for Eurocode 5 (structural fire design).
We’re inviting designers, consultants, academics, and… pic.twitter.com/wiv17lXgp9
— NSAI (@NSAI_Standards) March 2, 2026
Dearest gentle reader… 💐 A bit of legal tea: “BRIDGERTON” is a federally registered trademark, protecting the name and entertainment services behind @Netflix’s hit series, so audiences know the true source of the romance, rivalry, and scandal. pic.twitter.com/xdy04zoxPu
— USPTO (@uspto) February 26, 2026
Australian Building Codes Board has released the #NationalConstructionCode 2025 preview, with jurisdictions able to consider adoption from 1 May 26. See how we help ensure referenced standards meet industry needs: https://t.co/Ab104VxC0o pic.twitter.com/4BEU5wBIJg
— Standards Australia (@standardsaus) February 17, 2026
For all you gearheads out there, celebrate National Diesel Engine Day by listening to one of our most popular podcast episodes so far on the International Quarter-Scale Tractor Competition! #diesel #engine #tractor https://t.co/P9Gmo9QD2s pic.twitter.com/LXcogKLv5p
— ASABE.org (@ASABEorg) February 23, 2026
Calling all artists! @DeptVetAffairs and the Veterans Day National Committee are now accepting submissions for the 2026 Veterans Day Poster Contest, with the winning design shared at VA facilities across the country. pic.twitter.com/nZBRqD0hkB
— U.S. Department of Education (@usedgov) February 25, 2026
America’s research influence is eroding as China rapidly gains ground.
Per @Clarivate, the share of Highly Cited Researchers based in the U.S. has fallen from 53% to 37% since 2014, while China’s share rose significantly.https://t.co/4r5DWvWyQ5
— AAU (@AAUniversities) February 25, 2026
Missed it live? We planned for that!
At a recent USPTO Hour, America’ Branding Agency dives into how name, image, likeness (NIL) connects with branding and trademarks – on the field, off the field, and everywhere between.
Catch the recording here: https://t.co/b3fh7aVOy7 pic.twitter.com/gvgn5HCJmH
— USPTO (@uspto) February 25, 2026
Scientists have designed experiments to show that atomic clocks tick faster when moving and slower in stronger gravity. Now, a generation of precise clocks is allowing physicists to push such measurements to new extremes.
Learn more: https://t.co/IwXXmpISy2 pic.twitter.com/YcTUrSDE1A
— National Institute of Standards and Technology (@NIST) February 25, 2026
This #NationalEngineersWeek, we celebrate the innovators transforming ideas into reality. We are proud to support the next generation of leaders through research funding, student scholarships, & industry innovation.
Learn more: https://t.co/r7QQgkMjt3 pic.twitter.com/9gQWgMuv3z
— ACI Foundation (@ACIFoundation) February 23, 2026
What’s your big idea?
Submit to #ASCE2027’s Call for Content – OPEN NOW through March 4, 2026 – for an opportunity to share it during the new flagship event for infrastructure professionals: https://t.co/wF0bm1HprT. pic.twitter.com/XM2OTGQHBJ— ASCE Headquarters (@ASCETweets) October 16, 2025
We’re throwing it back this month to our longest-selling SRM: limestone! Developed in 1910, this material was originally used by the construction industry to assess the components of its building materials. And its purpose hasn’t changed much since then. pic.twitter.com/MB5CtY4CCi
— National Institute of Standards and Technology (@NIST) February 23, 2026
From walkable skate-shoes to more comfortable fits, stronger curved blades, and balance-driven designs, patents have been sharpening ice skates for more than a century. ⛸️ pic.twitter.com/ITzdKfqanY
— USPTO (@uspto) February 20, 2026
A person dines out ~3 times/month and orders take-out ~4.5 times/month. To assure that we can safely enjoy our meals from a commercial kitchen, NSF/ANSI 4-2025 provides #FoodProtection and #Sanitation requirements for commercial food equipment. @NSF_Intl https://t.co/5JkDMgWwIm
— ANSI (@ansidotorg) February 21, 2026
Vad är en standard? Syftet med standarder är att skapa enhetliga och transparenta rutiner som vi kan enas kring. Det ligger ju i allas intresse att höja kvaliteten, undvika missförstånd och slippa uppfinna hjulet på nytt varje gång. https://t.co/zKhgPXPdpW pic.twitter.com/oKejdKSm47
— Svenska institutet för standarder, SIS (@svenskstandard) July 15, 2019
March 3, 2026, will mark 125 years of NIST!
Celebrate with us all year long and stay tuned for more. 🎉🥳 pic.twitter.com/FCuL35tKYD
— National Institute of Standards and Technology (@NIST) February 20, 2026
❄️🥇What do standards have to do with the Winter Olympics? More than you might think.
Behind the captivating performances, there is an invisible support system keeping the Games safe: standards.
Read more: https://t.co/5ky4okL9Qv#TrustStandards pic.twitter.com/gYAdSZegAn
— CEN and CENELEC (@Standards4EU) February 18, 2026
Discover how standards can help the world meet its ever-increasing need for electricity. https://t.co/dgj8v7iRvz#powergrid pic.twitter.com/E7cjegvYvX
— ASTM Student Fans (@ASTMStudentFans) February 12, 2026
Roses are red,
Violets are blue,
You’re like a standard reference material,
Reliable and true. pic.twitter.com/ensl7oc2iG— National Institute of Standards and Technology (@NIST) February 14, 2026
From Lupercalia to love letters 💌 Valentine’s Day has evolved over centuries. Today, standards assure that the chocolates, cards, and flowers we exchange are safe, reliable, and responsibly produced. #ValentinesDay #ConsumerSafety❤️🌹🍫 https://t.co/r7KMB0eUPt
— ANSI (@ansidotorg) February 14, 2026
As fans tune in to the #WinterOlympics, a reminder that inventions like U.S. Pat. 5,784,809 improved snowboard boot flexibility and comfort, while U.S. Pat, 6,523,851 enabled touring bindings for uphill climbs and downhill runs, helping athletes shred with confidence. 🏂 pic.twitter.com/4TLDVbjvoc
— USPTO (@uspto) February 10, 2026
Following an industry-wide job task analysis, the Healthcare Facility Design Professional (HFDP) Certification exam content outline will be updated starting March 1.
Apply by Feb. 28 to receive a 50% discount and sit for the HFDP exam March 1 – 31.
💡 How it works:
✔ Apply by… pic.twitter.com/lAfnFR3oK9— ASHRAE News (@ashraenews) February 11, 2026
Following an industry-wide job task analysis, the Healthcare Facility Design Professional (HFDP) Certification exam content outline will be updated starting March 1.
Apply by Feb. 28 to receive a 50% discount and sit for the HFDP exam March 1 – 31.
💡 How it works:
✔ Apply by… pic.twitter.com/lAfnFR3oK9— ASHRAE News (@ashraenews) February 11, 2026
Hut-hut-hike! 🏈 The NFL logo, Vince Lombardi Trophy design, and the terms “Super Bowl” and “Super Sunday” are all federally registered trademarks that help tell fans who’s bringing them “The Big Game.” pic.twitter.com/gJDxdqqm7J
— USPTO (@uspto) February 6, 2026
The newly revised ANSI/ISEA Z87.1-2025 sets the benchmark for occupational and educational #Eye and #Face protection. 🥽 The 2025 edition provides clearer guidance on performance, testing, and marking, which helps organizations select the right protection for specific hazards and… pic.twitter.com/tkMa03s4bO
— ANSI (@ansidotorg) February 5, 2026
— National Institute of Standards and Technology (@NIST) February 6, 2026
The newly revised ANSI/ISEA Z87.1-2025 sets the benchmark for occupational and educational #Eye and #Face protection. 🥽 The 2025 edition provides clearer guidance on performance, testing, and marking, which helps organizations select the right protection for specific hazards and… pic.twitter.com/tkMa03s4bO
— ANSI (@ansidotorg) February 5, 2026
APPA was founded at the University of Michigan| See our ABOUT
Day 2 at APPAU!
APPA members kept the collaborative learning going at this year’s offered courses:💡 Institute for Facilities Management, 🎒 Leadership Academy, and 💻 T3. pic.twitter.com/g8SzfMfQFH
— APPA – Leadership in Educational Facilities (@APPA_facilities) February 5, 2026
How do business leaders build trust in AI while keeping innovation alive? Our research analyzed 123 company annual reports and gathered insights from 850+ business leaders across eight countries and multiple sectors. https://t.co/PGgKR2bqfM #BSI #ArtificialIntelligence pic.twitter.com/I3skmCYL6X
— BSI America (@BSI_America) February 4, 2026
Build the Future. SAE helps pay for it. 💲
SAE Scholarships are dedicated to developing the future engineering workforce. Apply today for one (or more!) of the many scholarships we offer. Applications will be accepted all of February. Don’t delay! https://t.co/lv8eD79Ib8 pic.twitter.com/M9Ge7ZLC1w
— SAE International® (@SAEIntl) February 2, 2026
First invented by television producer Tony Verna in 1963, instant replay technology helps ensure fans see the biggest moments of the big game. Although he did not receive one for instant replay, Verna sought patents for similar inventions later in life. pic.twitter.com/hR7LwRXSI4
— USPTO (@uspto) February 3, 2026
Last week, CEN and CENELEC took part in Open Source Week, engaging with the vibrant and diverse open source ecosystem. Our colleagues Amirifar Nooshin and Yannis Chourmouziadis participated in the Open Source Policy Summit where they had constructive discussions.#TrustStandards pic.twitter.com/MxwGDFzvZ1
— CEN and CENELEC (@Standards4EU) February 4, 2026
ASHRAE is honored to welcome and host so many esteemed VIP guests at the Leadership Luncheon. This group truly represents ASHRAE’s continued commitment to collaboration with organizations throughout the built environment.#MyASHRAE pic.twitter.com/DCl8QIiS28
— ASHRAE News (@ashraenews) February 2, 2026
Join EdSoc & IEEE Educational Activities for our upcoming free webinar: The Vital Importance of Having Fun While Learning! 🎮
📅 Thursday, 5 February 2026
🕚 11:00 AM EST
📍 Virtual via Airmeet🔗 Learn more & register: https://t.co/U6o6gZ7hgH pic.twitter.com/7QRuSx04fQ
— IEEE Education Society (@IEEE_EduSoc) January 31, 2026
Join EdSoc & IEEE Educational Activities for our upcoming free webinar: The Vital Importance of Having Fun While Learning! 🎮
📅 Thursday, 5 February 2026
🕚 11:00 AM EST
📍 Virtual via Airmeet🔗 Learn more & register: https://t.co/U6o6gZ7hgH pic.twitter.com/7QRuSx04fQ
— IEEE Education Society (@IEEE_EduSoc) January 31, 2026
Check out ASTM’s ongoing efforts to support early-career professionals, including participation at a Fatigue and Fracture Symposium. https://t.co/aKlNXtJYxa pic.twitter.com/CTcsb41SDQ
— ASTM International (@ASTMIntl) January 30, 2026
Winter storms are on the way; #Corrosion is a major concern. From bridges, and utility equipment, winter’s salty conditions can hasten #Rust & degradation. ASTM B117-26 helps evaluate materials meant to withstand harsh, corrosive environments. @ASTMIntl https://t.co/qAzr3TTMXR
— ANSI (@ansidotorg) February 1, 2026
ASHRAE announces nominees for the 2026-27 Slate of Officers and Directors. Members will vote on the nominees via electronic ballot in May, including who will serve as ASHRAE President for the 2026-27 Society year. To see the full list of nominees, visit https://t.co/lJdqfCz264.… pic.twitter.com/UJnF0nC2bY
— ASHRAE News (@ashraenews) February 2, 2026
Higher voltages being introduced to power AI data centers present new electrical hazards that many codes and standards have yet to address. We’re working to solve the challenge through a new collaboration w/ @OpenComputePrj, @abbgroupnews and @eatoncorp https://t.co/NGRg8Amf98 pic.twitter.com/ZNf6husbz9
— UL Solutions (@UL_Solutions) January 15, 2026
Preservation of old standards may be useful. In converting material into an ASTM standard, form, style, terminology are areas that require particular attention. Here, we address the rationale for offering these versions of standards, steps taken to make them conform to ASTM… pic.twitter.com/ZT1LWgxqLX
— ASTM International (@ASTMIntl) January 29, 2026
I scream. You scream. We all scream for ICE CREAM CONES.🍦On this day in 1924, Carl R. Taylor patented an ice cream cone rolling machine (No. 1,481,813), automating the process of shaping flat wafers into perfectly formed cones. pic.twitter.com/adaBY2f3xV
— USPTO (@uspto) January 29, 2026
🗣️ “AI chatbots with hallucinate around 27% of the time, so we need to ensure employees have the AI literacy required to critically consider the output AI delivers” Laura Bishop PhD, BSI AI and Cybersecurity Sector Lead#BSI #TrustInAI #AIGovernance #AIStrateg pic.twitter.com/0MyIpozyiR
— BSI America (@BSI_America) January 29, 2026
The Annual Student Presentation Forum was part of the 23rd ASTM/ESIS International Symposium on Fatigue and Fracture Mechanics during November Committee Week in Atlantahttps://t.co/4eP9VVYQAw#fatigueandfracture pic.twitter.com/53Pi87sdlx
— ASTM Student Fans (@ASTMStudentFans) January 28, 2026
📣 New edition of the X9 AI Study Group Newsletter just dropped!
This issue explores AI tools and real-world use cases shaping the financial sector while also diving into regulatory readiness and risk management.
👉 https://t.co/rfLmltYcWI pic.twitter.com/oCtCQ0IRNb
— ASC X9, Inc. (@ASCX9Inc) January 26, 2026
Great turnout at the X12 standing Meeting. Especially, given the difficult weather across the country. A wonderful spread of food, as well. Great to see everyone and certainly appreciate the participation. pic.twitter.com/XlbODYcY40
— X12 (@X12standards) January 27, 2026
Huge congratulations to Mark Lotspeich of Dynalectric Oregon for winning NECA’s 2026 Innovator of the Year at the #MEPConference! 🏆
This recognition reflects his dedication and commitment to pushing the industry forward. pic.twitter.com/aa91xJtJ6g
— NECA (@necanet) January 27, 2026
The 2026 IEEE WIE Day Ambassador Call is NOW OPEN!
Are you ready to champion Technology with Purpose around the world?
Apply now:
🔗 https://t.co/33ZqSCF4Af
Learn more about WIE Day:
🌐 https://t.co/urqJDcsOm0#IEEEWIEDay pic.twitter.com/miu7II4nLJ— IEEE WIE (@IEEEWIE) January 26, 2026
Congrats to Scott Osborn, PE, retired professor, biological and agricultural engineering, University of Arkansas, for being named an ASABE Fellow! Osborn was selected for in teaching the next generation of engineers, invention and innovation in systems. https://t.co/UFTWhIrS2i pic.twitter.com/Q95ufpymMI
— ASABE.org (@ASABEorg) January 26, 2026
The 2026 ASHRAE HVAC&R Student Paper Competition concluded on January 22nd with presentations from four finalists. The four-person judging panel selected Felix Ekuful as the winner of the 2026 competition. His research focus is on developing advanced control strategies to improve… pic.twitter.com/RDbLiLopIK
— ASHRAE News (@ashraenews) January 27, 2026
See how standards help ensure that gypsum board and related products are properly manufactured and installed. https://t.co/t30BHWzo9D#safetystandards pic.twitter.com/8CTK4766k2
— ASTM Student Fans (@ASTMStudentFans) January 26, 2026
Closing on Wednesday!
NSAI has launched the public consultation for S.R. 66:2015 +A1:202X Standard Recommendation providing guidance to wastewater treatment products in conformance with the EN 12566 series of standards.
This public consultation closes on 28th January 2026 so… pic.twitter.com/xvDUltbn7z
— NSAI (@NSAI_Standards) January 26, 2026
Just about every airspeed sensor in the United States can trace its calibration back, either directly or indirectly via calibration laboratories, to a wind tunnel on NIST’s Gaithersburg, Maryland, campus.
Learn more: https://t.co/GK9BLGMreU pic.twitter.com/DaCCR4hfDX
— National Institute of Standards and Technology (@NIST) January 23, 2026
🚧 In 2025, fall protection topped OSHA’s list of the most common violations, with 5,914 reported. ISO 45001 helps organizations create a culture of safety that reduces injuries. 🦺💼@OSHA_DOL @isostandards #WorkerSafety #OSHA https://t.co/NFcEpqXBJ9
— ANSI (@ansidotorg) January 24, 2026
Discover opportunities to get involved. Learn about in-person and virtual events to attend:https://t.co/fbNDMWiMLv pic.twitter.com/BK1pXCLINb
— IEEE Standards Association | IEEE SA (@IEEESA) December 19, 2025
🤝Full house for the biannual Technical Body Officers Seminar focusing on key aspects of the standardization system, this day was again a valuable opportunity to exchange experiences and best practices with peers, strengthening our collective technical leadership. #TrustStandards pic.twitter.com/K2wujDboS7
— CEN and CENELEC (@Standards4EU) January 22, 2026
Some states are bracing for below-zero temperatures, and it’s important to prepare now. @kfdmnews #BuildingCodes #BuildingSafety365 #ColdWeather https://t.co/T8lJqGdEK5
— IntlCodeCouncil (@IntlCodeCouncil) January 24, 2026
If you design or operate health care facilities, Standard 170 sets the minimum.
ANSI/ASHRAE/ASHE Standard 170 defines the minimum ventilation requirements for health care facilities and is developed in partnership with FGI and ASHE for adoption by code-enforcing agencies.The… pic.twitter.com/7ibciPtMRn
— ASHRAE News (@ashraenews) January 23, 2026
* ISO and IEC have opted out of the X-social media platforms. FYI: X is 13 times the size of BlueSky in terms of scale and reach.
Communication in the Presence of Noise
Communication in the Presence of Noise
Claude E. Shannon
University of Michigan – Bell Telephone Laboratories – Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Abstract. A method is developed for representing any communication system geometrically. Messages and the corresponding signals are points in two “function spaces,” and the modulation process is a mapping of one space into the other. Using this representation, a number of results in communication theory are deduced concerning expansion and compression of bandwidth and the threshold effect. Formulas are found for the maximum rate of transmission of binary digits over a system when the signal is perturbed by various types of noise. Some of the properties of “ideal” systems which transmit at this maxmum rate are discussed. The equivalent number of binary digits per second for certain information sources is calculated.
CLICK HERE to order complete paper
Claude Shannon (30 April 1916 in Petoskey, Michigan, USA – 24 Feb 2001 in Medford, Massachusetts, USA) founded the subject of information theory and he proposed a linear schematic model of a communications system. His Master’s thesis was on A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and… pic.twitter.com/d8q8og02oA
— ProfSK (@ProfSK5) February 25, 2026
New update alert! The 2022 update to the Trademark Assignment Dataset is now available online. Find 1.29 million trademark assignments, involving 2.28 million unique trademark properties issued by the USPTO between March 1952 and January 2023: https://t.co/njrDAbSpwB pic.twitter.com/GkAXrHoQ9T
— USPTO (@uspto) July 13, 2023
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