A Survey on Explainable Artificial Intelligence

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A Survey on Explainable Artificial Intelligence

April 18, 2024
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Decoding the US Senate Hearing on Oversight of AI: NLP Analysis in Python

 

Peeking Inside the Black-Box_ A Survey on Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)

IEEE Explore

Amina Adadi & Mohammed Berrada

Ben Abdellah University Morocco

 

ABSTRACT: At the dawn of the fourth industrial revolution, we are witnessing a fast and widespread adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in our daily life, which contributes to accelerating the shift towards a more algorithmic society. However, even with such unprecedented advancements, a key impediment to the use of AI-based systems is that they often lack transparency. Indeed, the black-box nature of these systems allows powerful predictions, but it cannot be directly explained. This issue has triggered a new debate on explainable AI (XAI). A research field holds substantial promise for improving trust and transparency of AI-based systems. It is recognized as the sine qua non for AI to continue making steady progress without disruption. This survey provides an entry point for interested researchers and practitioners to learn key aspects of the young and rapidly growing body of research related to XAI. Through the lens of the literature, we review the existing approaches regarding the topic, discuss trends surrounding its sphere, and present major research trajectories.

Sample of video coverage sorted by view count:

 

Food Standards and the Peanut Butter & Jelly Sandwich

April 17, 2024
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The Science of Beer Brewing

April 12, 2024
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Radio 400

April 12, 2024
mike@standardsmichigan.com
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“The wireless age has brought us closer together,

yet we must work to ensure that it does not divide us.”

— Guglielmo Marconi

“Mathematical Theory of Electrodynamic Phenomena, Uniquely Deduced from Experience.” 1820 André-Marie Ampère

 

When the electric grid and the internet are down and there is no cell service, radio can still work to help communities stabilize.   Starting 2024 we will break down our coverage of the radio frequency technology standards used in educational settlements into into two categories:

Radio 300: Security and maintenance radio.  These usually use a single radio channel and operate in a half-duplex mode: only one user on the channel can transmit at a time, so users in a user group must take turns talking. The radio is normally in receive mode so the user can hear all other transmissions on the channel. When the user wants to talk he presses a “push-to-talk” button, which turns off the receiver and turns on the transmitter; when he releases the button the receiver is activated again. Multiple channels are provided so separate user groups can communicate in the same area without interfering with each other.

Note that a core title in this domain — NFPA 1802 Standard on Two-Way, Portable RF Voice Communications Devices for Use by Emergency Services Personnel in the Hazard Zone — is part of an NFPA catalog reorganization.  Best practice content will be rolled into NFPA 1300 Standard on Fire and Emergency Service Use of Thermal Imagers, Two-Way Portable RF Voice Communication Devices, Ground Ladders, and Fire Hose, and Fire Hose Appliances.  

As of this posting APCO International has no public consultations on any titles in its public safety radio standards catalog.

Radio 400: Student radio.  College radio stations are typically considered to be public radio radio stations in the way that they are funded by donation and grants.  The term “Public radio” generally refers to classical music, jazz, and news. A more accurate term is community radio, as most staff are volunteers, although many radio stations limit staff to current or recent students instead of anyone from the local community.  There has been a fair amount of drama over student-run radio station history; a topic we steer away from.

The Low Power FM radio service was created by the Commission in January 2000.  LPFM stations are authorized for noncommercial educational broadcasting only (no commercial operation) and operate with an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100 watts (0.1 kilowatts) or less, with maximum facilities of 100 watts ERP at 30 meters (100 feet) antenna height above average terrain.  The approximate service range of a 100 watt LPFM station is 5.6 kilometers (3.5 miles radius).  LPFM stations are not protected from interference that may be received from other classes of FM stations.

Student-centred Learning Environments in the Discipline “Radio Communication Technologies” | University of Ruse “Angel Kanchev”, Ruse, Bulgaria

E-Learning Resources for Improving Student Achievement in a Course on RF Engineering  | Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore

A Low Cost Ground Station Setup for Introducing Undergraduate Students to Satellite Reception and Radio Astronomy | Maharashtra Institute of Technology-WPU, Pune

We follow — but do not respond — to consultations on titles covering the use of radio frequencies for the Internet of Things.  At the moment, most of that evolution happens at the consumer product level; though it is wise to contemplate the use of the electromagnetic spectrum during widespread and extended loss of broadband services.

Maxwell equations: Four lines that provide a complete description of light, electricity and magnetism

We do not include policy specifics regarding the migration of National Public Radio beyond cultural content into political news; though we acknowledge that the growth of publicly financed radio domiciled in education communities is a consideration in the technology of content preparation informed by the Public Broadcasting Act of 1967.

Sacred Heart University / Campus Public Safety & National Public Radio Studios / SGA Architects

We drill into technical specifics of the following:

  • Radios used for campus public safety and campus maintenance
  • Student-run campus radio stations licensed by the Federal Communications Commission as Low Power FM (LPFM)
  • Facilities for regional broadcast of National Public Radio operating from education communities
  • Off-campus transmission facilities such as broadcast towers.
  • Grounding, bonding, lightning protection of transmission and receiving equipment on buildings
  • Broadcast studio electrotechnologies

Radio technology is regulated by the Federal Communications Commission with no ANSI-accredited standards setting organizations involved in leading practice discovery and promulgation.  Again, we do not cover creative and content issues.  Join us today at 11 AM/ET using the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.


More

List of campus radio stations

International Telecommunications Union: News Magazine No.1 2022

International Electrotechnical Commission TC 103: Transmitting and receiving equipment for radiocommunications

International Special Committee on Radio Interference

NFPA 1802: Standard on Two-Way, Portable RF Voice Communications Devices for Use by Emergency Services Personnel in the Hazard Zone

Campus Safety Radio JVCKENWOOD CAMPUS SAFETY 5 TIPS TO LOWER COSTS

https://standardsmichigan.com/category/kitchen/

Kitchens 200

April 11, 2024
mike@standardsmichigan.com
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“A good home must be made, not bought.

In the end, it’s not track lighting or a sun room

that brings light into a kitchen.”

– Joyce Maynard

“Children at Lunch” 1857 Benjamin Vautier

Today we examine the literature that informs the safety and sustainability of small to medium-sized food preparation occupancies.   Kitchenettes are often integrated into other living spaces such as gathering space on a single floor in a dormitory (unlike the full size dormitory kitchen), the teachers or faculty lounge.

Kitchenettes usually contain basic appliances and fixtures necessary for minimal food preparation, such as a small refrigerator, microwave or toaster oven, sink, and possibly a hot plate or small stove.

Kitchenettes are primarily intended for simple meal preparation and light cooking.

Kitchenettes may have limited storage capacity, requiring users to maximize space utilization through creative storage solutions.

School districts, colleges, universities and university-affiliated hospitals typically have hundreds of them; all of which present significantly elevated hazard as the focal area for nearly all activity.

They are the locus for concentrated electrical load.  Our approach will be examine case studies and reflect back to the codes and standards.  Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.


Readings:

Kitchen Dimensions: Code Requirements & NKBA Guidelines

Food Equipment Standards

University of North Dakota: Sanitation & Food Safety Operating Manual

The Campus Kitchen at the University of Georgia

University of Florida: An Introduction to Shared-Use Commercial Kitchens

Related:

Kitchens 100

Kitchens 300

Commercial Kitchens

Kitchen Wiring

Energy Standard for *Sites* and Buildings

Kitchen Fires in High-rise Residential Buildings

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