Christmas Archives - Standards Michigan

“Starry Night Over the Rhône” 1888 Vincent van Gogh

Today we refresh our understanding of the moment in illumination technologies for outdoor lighting systems— related but different from our exploration of building interior illumination systems in Illumination 200. Later in 2024 we will roll out Illumination 400 (Holiday illumination) and Illumination 500 which explores litigation related to public illumination technology. As cities-within-cities the shared perimeter of a campus with the host municipality has proven rich in legal controversy and action.

Illumination technology was the original inspiration for the electric utility industry; providing night-time security and transforming every sector of every economy on earth. Lighting load remains the largest component of any building’s electric load — about 35 percent– making it a large target for energy regulations.

Our inquiry begins with selections from the following documents…

International Electrotechnical Commission TC 34 Lighting

IEC 60364 Electrical Installations in Buildings

2023 National Electrical Safety Code

IEEE P3001.9 – Recommended Practice for the Design of Power Systems Supplying Lighting Systems in Commercial and Industrial Facilities

Institution of Engineering and Technology: Recommendations for Energy-efficient Exterior Lighting Systems

2023 National Electrical Code: Article 410 (While the bulk of the NEC concerns indoor wiring fire hazards, there are passages that inform outdoor lighting wiring safety)

2019 ASHRAE 90.1: Chapter 9 Lighting

Illumination Engineering Society: Various titles

ISO/TC 274 Light and lighting

Salt Water River Project: Outdoor Lighting Standards

US DOE-EERE Building Energy Codes Program

…and about 20 other accredited, consortia or ad hoc standards developers and publishers aligned principally with vertical incumbents. Illumination was the original inspiration (i.e. the first “killer app”) for the electrical power industry in every nation. Its best practice literature reflects a fast-moving, shape-changing domain.

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Upper Wharfedale Primary Federation School District Yorkshire Dales

McGill University: Before electricity, streets were filled with gas lights

Outdoor lighting systems can be owned and maintained by different entities depending on the context and location. Here are some examples of ownership regimes for outdoor lighting systems:

Public ownership: In this case, outdoor lighting systems are owned and maintained by the local government or municipal authority. The lighting may be installed in public spaces such as parks, streets, and other outdoor areas for the safety and convenience of the public.
Private ownership: Outdoor lighting systems may be owned by private individuals or organizations. For example, a business owner may install outdoor lighting for security or aesthetic reasons, or a homeowner may install outdoor lighting in their garden or yard.
Co-owned: Outdoor lighting systems may be owned jointly by multiple entities. For example, a residential community may jointly own and maintain outdoor lighting in their shared spaces such as parking areas, community parks, or recreational facilities.
Utility ownership: Outdoor lighting systems may be owned and maintained by utility companies such as electric or energy companies. These companies may install and maintain street lights or other lighting systems for the public good.
Third-party ownership: In some cases, a third-party entity may own and maintain outdoor lighting systems on behalf of a public or private entity. For example, a lighting contractor may install and maintain lighting in a public park on behalf of a local government.

The ownership regime of an outdoor lighting system can have implications for issues such as installation, maintenance, and cost-sharing. It is important to consider ownership when designing and implementing outdoor lighting systems to ensure their long-term effectiveness and sustainability.

More

International Commission on Illumination

National Electrical Manufacturers Association

National Electrical Contractors Association

Representative Specifications

Sam Houston State University | Division 26500 Interior and Exterior Lighting

University of Delaware | Division 265100 Interior Lighting

Cal Poly University San Luis Obispo | Division 265100 Interior Lighting

Relevant Research

Enhancing the Sustainability of Outdoor Floodlighting for Cultural Heritage Buildings

The Performance and Impact of LED Floodlights in an Outdoor Electrical Substation During Misty Weather Conditions

Replacement of HPS Luminaires with LED Luminaires for the Lighting Requirements of an Outdoor Electrical Substation

Christian Wiman ✨ pic.twitter.com/r95fWwZZmP

— Dr. Maya C. Popa (@MayaCPopa) May 28, 2023

Un mondo fatto bene

Building Environment Design

Un Secolo Di Storia Davanti A Noi

Resilience of Hospital Power Systems in the Digital Age

Cento anni 1921-2021

Wiring Fire Prevention in Hospitals

A Procedure to Estimate the Energy Requirements for Lighting

Ferrocycles

Topology of Continuous Availability for LED Lighting Systems

Codice etico per la finanza

Abiit sed non oblitus | Michigan

One-hundred-twenty-five years ago, hardy and hard-working Finnish Lutheran immigrants founded a school in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula. Their lives were marked by a gritty quality captured in the Finnish term, sisu – grit and perseverance in the face of adversity. Citing financial difficulties related to demographic changes, the Board of Trustees announced that the Class of 2023 was Finlandia’s final graduating class.

International School of Art & Design, ISAD, Finlandia University fashion student 19

International School of Art & Design, ISAD, Finlandia University student art 1923

Finlandia University michigan spring snow19

“The Board of Trustees and University President Timothy Pinnow stated the extremely difficult decision is the result of an intensive analysis of Finlandia’s operations after exploring all potentially feasible strategic alternatives, including the rigorous search for new partnerships and reorganization of the institution’s finances. With financial challenges impacting liberal arts colleges throughout the country, Finlandia is no exception….

The combination of demographic changes, with fewer high school graduates available, a steep decrease in interest in going to college among those graduates, a dwindling endowment, and an unbearable debt load have made Finlandia no longer viable…

…Finlandia University has finalized eight Teach-Out Agreements with Adrian College, Bay College, Michigan Technological University, Northeast Wisconsin Technical College, Northern Michigan University, University of Dubuque, Waldorf University, and Wartburg College. Several non-partnering institutions have also made commitments to supporting FinnU students in incredible ways…”

Board of Trustees vote to dissolve University wind up affairs in orderly manner

Last year, Finlandia University awarded over 3 million dollars to dreamers, achievers and future entrepreneurs. See if you qualify for Finlandia’s Rise Together Free Tuition Scholarship by visiting https://t.co/7Mbd7e6iLS pic.twitter.com/09LBPPg8cG

— Finlandia University (@FinlandiaU) February 15, 2023

“History of the Finns in Michigan” 2001 | Armas K. E. Holmio

Finlandia University’s Baccalaureate and Commencement activities for the Class of 2023 are scheduled for Sunday, May 7.

To see the full Spring 2023 Commencement Weekend schedule, visit the link below! 🎓🎓https://t.co/n49yPJoimn pic.twitter.com/aJvRHjarLa

— Finlandia University (@FinlandiaU) April 24, 2023

Join us next Tuesday for the 5th annual #Kalevala reading marathon! Pop in and listen or even read a rune! For more info and to register, fill in this form: https://t.co/LH8Pj4IMjV pic.twitter.com/koBXXBisu9

— Finlandia University Finnish & Nordic Studies (@FinlandiaNordic) February 24, 2023

Winter Sowing

Agriculture

Peppermint Coffee

“Established in 1956, National University of Natural Medicine is the oldest accredited naturopathic medical university in North America and a leader in natural medicine education and evidence-based research. As one of the most respected universities of natural medicine in the world, our participation in international medical education and research is routinely solicited. We believe in the healing power of nature, and that food is medicine.”

Peppermint, scientifically known as Mentha × piperita, is a hybrid mint, a cross between watermint (Mentha aquatica) and spearmint (Mentha spicata). It belongs to the Lamiaceae family, which also includes other aromatic herbs like basil, rosemary, and lavender. Here are some key scientific points about peppermint:

Botanical Classification: Lamiaceae

Characteristics: Peppermint is a herbaceous perennial plant known for its distinctive minty aroma and flavor. It has square-shaped stems, serrated leaves, and produces small purple or white flowers in spikes.

Chemical Composition: The characteristic flavor and scent of peppermint are attributed to its essential oil, which contains menthol as a major component. Other compounds found in peppermint oil include menthone, menthyl acetate, and various terpenoids.

Cultivation: Peppermint is a hardy plant and is known to grow well in a variety of climates. It is often cultivated for commercial purposes, both for its culinary use and the extraction of essential oils.

Peppermint has been adapted for pharmaceutical and cosmetic purposes. Its essential oil is extracted for use in aromatherapy, and peppermint tea is a common herbal infusion enjoyed for both its taste and potential health benefits.

Bastyr University: Herbal Science Program

University of California Berkely Jepson Herbaria

Maryland University Integrative Health: Herbal Medicine