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Summer Olympics

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Summer Week 25 | June 16 – June 22

Monday | 16 June | Colloquium 15:00 UTC

Campus Child Day Care

Tuesday | 17 June | Colloquium 15:00 UTC

Data Centers

Wednesday | 19 June | Colloquium 15:00 UTC

print (“Hello World!”)

Thursday | 20 June | Colloquium 15:00 UTC

Modular Classrooms

Friday | 21 June | Colloquium 15:00 UTC

Observatories & Planetariums

Saturday | 22 June

Sunday | 23 June

Occupant-Based HVAC Thermal Setpoints

Occupant-based HVAC Set Point Interventions for Energy Savings in Buildings

Dimas Ardiyanto

PT PLN (Persero), Jakarta, Indonesia

Manisa Pipattanasomporn & Saifur Rahman

Virginia Tech – Advanced Research Institute, Arlington, VA, USA

Nanang Hariyanto & Suwarno

School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia

Abstract: Energy savings and occupant thermal comfort are the two most important factors in controlling heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) operation in buildings. Typically, it is found that thermal comfort is not always met in buildings. Hence, there is still an opportunity to improve indoor thermal comfort, and at the same time save energy by controlling HVAC set points. The objective of this paper is to propose a method to obtain energy savings by adjusting HVAC set points based on occupant comfort measured using Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and occupancy information. The idea is to calculate hourly PMV values based on real-time occupancy information, indoor temperature set points and humidity in a building. Then, a new set of temperature set points that can maintain occupant comfort, i.e., PMV = 0, is derived. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, a building model is developed in eQUEST using the information from a real-world building located in Alexandria, VA. Research findings indicate that HVAC electrical consumption savings of 14.58% is achieved when the proposed set point adjustment method is implemented as compared to that of the base case. To study the impact of adding occupancy information on HVAC energy savings, another scenario is simulated where HVAC set point is increased when the building is unoccupied, e.g., during lunchtime or holidays. Research findings indicate that additional HVAC electrical consumption savings of 8.79% is achieved when taking into account occupancy information in HVAC control.

Document Sections

I. Introduction

II. PMV as an Index for Thermal Comfort

III. Experiment Set Up To Capture Occupancy Information

IV. Building Model Development in Equest

V. Energy Savings From Comfort Adjustment And Occupancy Information

CLICK HERE for ordering Information for this article

DRINKING, WASTEWATER & STORMWATER SYSTEMS

“Fille romaine à la fontaine” 1875 Léon Bonnat

Civilization has historically flourished around rivers and major waterways. Mesopotamia, the so-called cradle of civilization, was situated between the major rivers Tigris and Euphrates; the ancient society of the Egyptians depended entirely upon the Nile. Rome was also founded on the banks of the Italian river Tiber. Large metropolises like Rotterdam, London, Montreal, Paris, New York City, Buenos Aires, Shanghai, Tokyo, Chicago, and Hong Kong owe their success in part to their easy accessibility via water and the resultant expansion of trade. Islands with safe water ports, like Singapore, have flourished for the same reason. In places such as North Africa and the Middle East, where water is more scarce, access to clean drinking water was and is a major factor in human development.*

With this perspective, and our own “home waters” situated in the Great Lakes, we are attentive to water management standardization activity administered by International Organization Standardization Technical Committee 224 (ISO TC/224). The scope of the committee is multidimensional; as described in the business plan linked below:

BUSINESS PLAN ISO/TC 224

Water-related management standards define a very active space; arguably, as fast-moving a space as electrotechnology. The ISO TC/224 is a fairly well accomplished committee with at least 16 consensus products emerging from a 34 nations led by Association Française de Normalisation (@AFNOR) as the global Secretariat and 34 participating nations. The American Water Works Association is ANSI’s US Technical Advisory Group administrator to the ISO.

We do not advocate the user interest in this standard at the moment but encourage educational institutions with resident expertise — either on the business side or academic side of US educational institutions — to participate in it. You are encouraged to communicate directly with Paul Olson at AWWA, 6666 W. Quincy Avenue, Denver, CO 80235, Phone: (303) 347-6178, Email: polson@awwa.org.

The work products of TC 224 (and ISO 147 and ISO TC 282) are also on the standing agendas of our Water, Global and Bucolia colloquia. See our CALENDAR for the next online meeting, open to everyone.

Issue: [13-163]

Category: Global, Water

Colleagues: Mike Anthony, Christine Fischer, Jack Janveja. Richard Robben, Larry Spielvogel

Standing Agenda / Water

Qualität der Wasserversorgung

Lightning protection techniques for roof-top PV systems

Narjes Fallah, et. al

Centre for Electromagnetic and Lightning Protection Research (CELP), Electrical & Electronic Engineering Department, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia

ABSTRACT: In this paper, the lightning protection requirements of a typical residential building have been discussed and techniques have been provided to protect the building from both direct and indirect damages of lightning, with special attention to the protection of PV panels placed on the roof. These techniques include the designing challenges and also the type of devices which can be used to reduce the surge current flow and magnetic field. It has been shown that for buildings with roof top PV systems only the avoidance of lightning attachment to unprotected parts of the building is not sufficient. Lightning currents passing through the lightning protection system may still affect the PV power system through inductive coupling. Hence strategic placement of PV systems and shielding of conducting systems wherever possible has been recommended. It has also been envisaged that the impact of lightning on PV systems is directly related to the isokeraunic level of the region and elevation of the building. Several recommendations have been proposed in designing the air termination system for a roof with PV panels in high isokeraunic regions. Finally the building integrated photo voltaic (BIPV) projects which are conducted in Malaysia have been evaluated..

CLICK HERE to order complete paper.

Readings:

IEEE Guide for Solar Power Plant Grounding for Personnel Protection

Risk Assessment of Rooftop-Mounted Solar PV Systems

Analysis of Lightning Surge Effects on Small-Scale Rooftop Photovoltaic Systems

Dehn-International White Paper: Lightning and surge protection for rooftop photovoltaic systems

Lightning Protection Systems

Beef Teaching Farm

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