Author Archives: mike@standardsmichigan.com

Loading
loading...

Solar Energy in Cold Climates

Michigan Upper Peninsula

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IEEE Explore: Michigan Regional Test Center


More:

Question: How many households can be supplied with 1 megawatt of power and how large would the solar panel be?

The number of square meters of solar panels required to generate 1 megawatt (MW) of power depends on several factors, including the efficiency of the solar panels, the amount of sunlight available in the location where the solar panels are installed, and the specific technology used.

On average, solar panels have a conversion efficiency of about 15-20%, which means that for every square meter of solar panel area, you can expect to generate between 150 and 200 watts of power in direct sunlight.

So, to generate 1 MW of power, you would need between 5,000 and 6,667 square meters of solar panels (assuming an average efficiency of 17.5%).

There are 2.58999 square meters in one square mile.

To convert 6,667 square meters to square miles, we can divide 6,667 by 2,589.99:

6,667 sq meters / 2,589.99 sq meters/sq mile = 2.572 square miles (rounded to three decimal places).

Answer:  Therefore 2.572 square miles of solar panels are required to supply 9345 household of power for 1 hour.

The number of households that can be supplied by 1 megawatt of power depends on a variety of factors, including the amount of electricity each household consumes, the time of day, and the season.

However, as a rough estimate, the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) reports that in 2020, the average US household consumed about 9,369 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electricity per year, which is equivalent to an average of 0.107 MW of power.

Based on this average, 1 MW of power could supply approximately 9,345 households (1,000,000 watts / 0.107 MW per household) with electricity for one hour, assuming that all households are consuming the average amount of electricity.

Again, this is a rough estimate, and the actual number of households that can be supplied by 1 MW will depend on various factors such as the region, the time of day, and the actual energy consumption of each household.

Discussion: A typical residential lot is one-half acre.  Rounding 9345 households to 10,000 households; the households themselves have a footprint of 7.8125 square miles; with 1/3rd of the 2.572 square miles for 1 megawatt taken up by the panels.

Friday Coffee Talk

This content is accessible to paid subscribers. To view it please enter your password below or send mike@standardsmichigan.com a request for subscription details.

This House Believes Feminism Has Lost Its Way

This content is accessible to paid subscribers. To view it please enter your password below or send mike@standardsmichigan.com a request for subscription details.

One & Two Family Dwellings

Some colleges and universities in the USA (e.g. Stanford, Duke, University of Chicago, University of Michigan) own one- and two-family dwellings (detached single-family homes or duplexes), though this is not common for most institutions and typically occurs on a limited scale rather than as large portfolios. 
These and others sometimes acquire residential parcels for income, tax advantages, or long-term asset management.  Acquiring adjacent residential properties controls development, reduces conflicts (e.g., student overcrowding in single-family areas), or creates future land banks for Town-Gown solutions.
§

§

Risk aggregations distinguishing single-family (IRC) from multi-family (IBC) requirements include:

Occupant load and life safety: Multi-family buildings have more residents per structure, raising the potential for higher casualties in fires or emergencies → stricter egress rules (e.g., often requiring multiple exits/stairways beyond three stories, wider corridors, and more robust exit access).

Fire spread and compartmentation: Shared walls/floors in apartments increase vertical/horizontal fire propagation risk → enhanced fire-resistance ratings for separations (e.g., between units, corridors), fire-rated assemblies, and often mandatory sprinklers using NFPA 13R (higher capacity for simultaneous head activation) versus IRC’s NFPA 13D (lower capacity, no fire department connection required for single-family).

Egress and evacuation complexity: In multi-family settings, unknown layouts, longer travel distances, and more people amplify evacuation challenges → performance-based requirements for means of egress, smoke control, and sometimes additional features like fire alarms or standpipes.

Structural and hazard exposure: Greater building size/height in multi-family increases exposure to wind, seismic, or progressive collapse risks → more engineered design (performance-based) versus IRC’s prescriptive tables for simpler single-family loads.

Sprinkler and suppression differences: IRC allows simpler, lower-flow domestic-style systems for one-/two-family; IBC mandates systems scaled for higher fire loads in R-2 occupancies.

These distinctions reflect the principle that risk scales with density and shared elements—single-family homes pose primarily individual/household-level threats, while multi-family structures aggregate risks across many unrelated occupants, justifying the IBC’s more comprehensive, often stricter provisions for safety.


Detached site condominiums (also called detached condos or site condos) offer a practical solution to the U.S. housing affordability crisis for young families by providing standalone, single-family-style homes at significantly lower costs than traditional detached single-family residences.

These properties look and feel like conventional homes—fully detached with no shared walls, private yards, and often garages—but are legally structured as condominiums. Owners typically own the interior structure (and sometimes the land beneath it, depending on the setup), while sharing common areas, landscaping, and amenities through an HOA.

This model reduces purchase prices substantially: median condo prices (including detached variants) hover around $340,000–$357,000 nationally, compared to $410,000–$420,000+ for detached single-family homes. Builders achieve this by clustering units more densely, lowering per-unit land and development costs, and enabling entry-level homeownership in desirable areas where land is expensive.

For young families, this means easier access to homeownership with lower down payments, more predictable maintenance (HOA handles exteriors and common elements), and family-friendly features like space for kids and pets—without the full financial burden of a traditional house. It bridges the gap between unaffordable single-family homes and denser options like apartments or townhomes, helping families build equity and stability sooner amid rising prices and shortages.

Off-Campus Housing

Brigham Young University Idaho is a private university located in Rexburg, Idaho, United States. It is owned and operated by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and is a part of the Church Educational System which recognizes moral absolutes at the foundation of a federal democratic republic that makes their university possible.  It offers a variety of undergraduate degrees in fields such as business, education, health, and the humanities. The university also offers online courses and programs for distance learners.

One unique aspect of BYU-Idaho is its emphasis on the integration of faith and learning. All students, regardless of their religious background, are required to take religion courses as part of their degree program. The university also has a code of conduct that includes standards for dress, grooming, behavior, and academic honesty.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Standards Idaho

Family & Consumer Sciences

Family & Consumer Sciences 

Illinois

Transport & Parking

Rijksuniversiteit Groningen

We continue the re-scale and re-organize our approach to the mobility topic generally — responsive to most best practice discovery results — as recorded in technical literature and landing in regulations at all levels of government.  The size of the domain has expanded beyond our means.  We need to approach the topic from more angles — distinguishing among land, air and space mobility — following market acceptance and integration.

Throughout 2024 our inquiries will track relevant titles in the following standards catalogs:

Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers

International Code Council

National Fire Protection Association

ASHRAE International

We will maintain priority wherever we find  user-interest issues in product-oriented standards setting catalogs (ASTM International, SAE International and Underwriters Laboratories, for example).  Agricultural equipment standards (were Michigan-based ASABE is the first name) will be place on the periodic Food (Nourriture) and Water standards agenda.  Each organization contributes mightily to the “regulatory state” where we are, frankly, outnumbered.  When their titles appear in interoperability standards that affect the physical infrastructure of campuses we will explore their meaning to our safer, simpler, lower-cost and longer-lasting priority.  (See our ABOUT)

Join us today at the usual time.  Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.

 

Drivers facing the yellow-light-dilemma

Electric Vehicle Open Charge Point Protocol

 

EV Charging Stations Integration into Public Lighting Infrastructure

Connected & Automated Vehicles

Economics of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure in a Campus Setting

Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure for Long Distance Travel in Sweden

Collision Resistant Hash Function for Blockchain in V2V Communication

“Waiting for the School Bus in Snow” 1947 John Phillip Falter

Electric Vehicle Charging

International Zoning Code

International Energy Conservation Code

International Existing Building Code

Electric Vehicle Power Transfer System

Gallery: Electric Vehicle Fire Risk

Standard for Parking Structures

Energy Standard for *Sites* and Buildings

High-Performance Green Buildings

“Gas” 1940 Edward Hopper

Layout mode
Predefined Skins
Custom Colors
Choose your skin color
Patterns Background
Images Background
Standards Michigan
error: Content is protected !!
Skip to content