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Goat farming is an important source of livelihood for many small-scale farmers in developing countries, particularly in regions such as sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. The FAO estimates that more than 90% of the world’s goats are raised in developing countries, where they provide a critical source of food and income for rural communities.
Overall, the global goat farming industry continues to grow, driven by increasing demand for goat meat and milk products, as well as the potential for sustainable agriculture practices.
Advantages:
Low start-up costs: Goat farming requires relatively low start-up costs compared to other types of agriculture. Goats are small animals that do not require much space, and they can be raised in a variety of environments, from small backyard farms to large commercial operations.
High productivity: Goats are known for their high reproductive rate, which allows farmers to increase their herd size quickly. They are also efficient at converting food into milk and meat, making them a profitable investment for farmers.
Multiple uses: Goats can be raised for meat, milk, and fiber, making them a versatile livestock option. Additionally, their manure can be used as fertilizer, and they can be used for weed control on farms and other properties.
Sustainable farming: Goat farming can be a sustainable agricultural practice, as goats do not require large amounts of feed or water, and they can be raised on marginal lands that are unsuitable for other types of agriculture.
Disadvantages:
Predation: Goats are vulnerable to predation by coyotes, dogs, and other predators, which can be a significant problem for farmers, especially in rural areas.
Disease susceptibility: Goats are susceptible to a variety of diseases, some of which can be difficult to diagnose and treat. Additionally, some diseases can be transmitted to humans, making it important for farmers to take precautions when handling their animals.
Market volatility: The demand for goat products can be volatile, and prices can fluctuate significantly based on supply and demand. This can make it challenging for farmers to predict their income and manage their finances.
Labor intensive: Goat farming can be labor-intensive, especially during kidding and milking seasons. This can make it difficult for farmers to manage their workload, especially if they have a large herd.
When you don’t have children or a significant other so get graduation photos done with your study subjects & absolute best pals ❤️
I despise having my photo taken & almost cancelled but decided I should suck it… although ended up in my dungarees for my favourite ones 😂 pic.twitter.com/0c6ZOBDEHI
— Dr Holly Vickery (@SkylarkHolly) July 25, 2024
Hi followers! It’s time to update my pinned tweet as I’ve finished my PhD at Reading in goat kid behaviour and welfare and…
I’m now a *permanent* lecturer at Harper Adams university!
Here I love to love to talk all things science, animals, crafts and smallholding life ☺️ pic.twitter.com/J9xQlLVgTi— Holly Vickery PhD (@SkylarkHolly) April 28, 2024
Occupancy classification is a first principle in all International Code Council consensus products. Chapels and churches associated with educational institutions are grouped with all other “Places of Religious Worship” in Section 303.4 Assembly Group A-3. You may find the text of this section in the current 2024 edition in the link below:
2024 International Building Code | Section 303 | Assembly Group A
For the next few weeks we will sort through issues appearing in the transcript below:
2025 Group B Committee Action Agenda (2630 Pages)
Recent incidents in the tragic city of Minneapolis inspire revisiting the standards of care listed below:
Targeted Violence and Active Shooters: Incidents like mass shootings have increased, with 54% of attacks on U.S. houses of worship involving armed assaults, often motivated by religious or racial hatred (67% of cases). Comprehensive emergency plans and training are critical.
Vandalism and Arson: These are common, with over 400 attacks on U.S. churches since 2020, including property damage and desecration. Surveillance cameras and regular security audits can deter such acts.
Theft: Donation boxes, religious artifacts, and personal belongings are frequent targets. Access control and monitoring valuables reduce risks.
Cybersecurity Threats: Houses of worship are vulnerable to hacking, ransomware, and data breaches, especially as they rely on digital platforms. Implementing cybersecurity best practices is essential.
Internal Threats: Risks from disgruntled employees or volunteers, including theft or fraud, necessitate thorough background checks and clear protocols for handling sensitive information.
Proactive measures like risk assessments, security teams, and collaboration with law enforcement can mitigate these threats while maintaining a welcoming environment
Related:
Why is the State of Minnesota such a hot mess?
“What you wear is how you present yourself to the world, especially today,
when human contacts are so quick. Fashion is instant language.”
So lovely to welcome Ailsa, Georgie and India from @mowden_hall to Robertson House 🦋🩵last night. Enjoy your @SedberghSchool taster experience! pic.twitter.com/5FqWOYtFXL
— Robertson House (@Robertson_Sed) October 7, 2024
This content is accessible to paid subscribers. To view it please enter your password below or send mike@standardsmichigan.com a request for subscription details.
This content is accessible to paid subscribers. To view it please enter your password below or send mike@standardsmichigan.com a request for subscription details.
In any industry painting (and decorating) operations play a crucial role in facility management by enhancing the overall appearance, protecting surfaces, and maintaining a healthy and conducive environment. In the education industry we find these operations in both the business and academic units; often co-mingled with sign-making shops.
Today at 15:00 UTC we review best practice literature for large-scale painting operations — an exploration different than the one undertaken during our Fine Art and Signs, Signs, Signs colloquia — with attention to worker and chemical safety. Among these considerations:
Open to everyone. Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.
ASTM’s color and appearance committee (E12) has approved a new standard that will be useful in calculating the colors of objects. The new standard (E3415) expands on color calculations described in ASTM’s standard on CIE colorimetric systems (E308). https://t.co/7F97dcFkVe pic.twitter.com/zcAp6DT1tg
— ASTM International (@ASTMIntl) October 15, 2024
Relevant standards:
Chemistry
ASTM D-series titles
EN 1504-2: Products and systems that are graffiti-resistant
ISO 12944: Paints and varnishes
Application and Fire Safety
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers: Self-Operating Paint Bot
National Fire Protection Association
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
logical pic.twitter.com/V0UoqMMXdB
— Enez Özen (@Enezator) August 24, 2024
ASTM’s color and appearance committee (E12) has approved a new standard that will be useful in calculating the colors of objects. The new standard (E3415) expands on color calculations described in ASTM’s standard on CIE colorimetric systems (E308). https://t.co/7F97dcFkVe pic.twitter.com/5GCfEgP4TI
— ASTM International (@ASTMIntl) September 30, 2024

Range of colors chart used in NIST measurements
The National Institute of Standards and Technology measures color through a combination of sophisticated instrumentation and established standards:
NIST’s methods are designed to provide highly accurate and reliable color measurements that can be used across a wide range of industries, including manufacturing, textiles, and digital imaging.
Standards Michigan: National Institute of Standards and Technology
The gems color wheel is useful to identify potential gems in specific colors for jewelers.
[✏️ suigemstone] pic.twitter.com/0sVHQgTWMr
— Massimo (@Rainmaker1973) September 11, 2024
The surprising invisibility effect of painting chicken wire blackpic.twitter.com/OlTFyahUyQ
— Massimo (@Rainmaker1973) October 17, 2024
They destroyed art,
they stole colors,
that’s why the world is depressed. pic.twitter.com/7ZYY4xBXwz— The Figen (@TheFigen_) August 22, 2025
New Standard Will Aid in Color Calculation of Objects
ASTM Committee E12 on Color and Appearance

According to ASTM member Hugh Fairman, legacy standard E308 gathered data and pre-calculated weight sets for doing what is called “tristimulus integration,” which determines the actual color of a measured spectral reflectance or spectral power curve. While this standard is still useful in certain cases, a need has grown for the more updated practice described in E3415 to respond to interest in how illumination is perceived on painted surfaces.
Standards Michigan: ASTM International
Related:
A RAL number is part of a standardized color matching system developed by the RAL Deutsches Institut für Gütesicherung und Kennzeichnung (German Institute for Quality Assurance and Certification) used primarily in Europe. It is widely used for defining colors for paint, coatings, and plastics.
New update alert! The 2022 update to the Trademark Assignment Dataset is now available online. Find 1.29 million trademark assignments, involving 2.28 million unique trademark properties issued by the USPTO between March 1952 and January 2023: https://t.co/njrDAbSpwB pic.twitter.com/GkAXrHoQ9T
— USPTO (@uspto) July 13, 2023
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