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Tokens
American English is effectively the de facto reference language for most modern LLM tokenization. During today’s session we explore the at-present advantage Americans have in the development of artificial applications — whether it should always be that way or not. Tokenization isn’t language-neutral — it’s heavily skewed toward English due to data realities. This is one of the core reasons why “English-first” prompting often works best in today’s LLMs.
We will use the document linked below to begin the exploration:
Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page
The Quick Brown Fox – Tokenization Example
Original English Sentence:
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
1. Tokenization
Tokens: ["The", " quick", " brown", " fox", " jumps", " over", " the", " lazy", " dog", "."]
2. Token IDs (Numbers fed to the AI model)
| Token | Token ID |
|---|---|
| The | 464 |
| quick | 2068 |
| brown | 7583 |
| fox | 1776 |
| jumps | 18045 |
| over | 625 |
| the | 262 |
| lazy | 16925 |
| dog | 3290 |
| . | 13 |
Final Input to the AI Model:
[464, 2068, 7583, 1776, 18045, 625, 262, 16925, 3290, 13]
Background:
The model only sees this list of numbers. It has no direct understanding of English words anymore — it learned patterns from billions of examples during training using these number sequences.This numerical input then goes through embeddings (turning numbers into vectors), attention layers, etc., to generate a response. Most widely used tokenizers (e.g., OpenAI’s tiktoken, Llama’s, etc.) are trained primarily on English-heavy datasets (often 60–90%+ English in pre-training corpora).
Outcome:
-
- Better compression for English — Common English words and patterns become single tokens or short subwords.
- Worse efficiency for other languages — Non-English text often gets fragmented into more tokens (sometimes 2–5× more for the same semantic content).
Impact:
-
- Higher token counts = higher API costs and shorter effective context windows for non-English users.
- Poorer downstream performance on non-English tasks.
- English becomes the “cheapest” and often “best-performing” language for prompting and reasoning.
Studies consistently show this “tokenization tax” or “language premium”: English typically has the lowest token-per-character or token-per-meaning ratio in major models.
Bias:
-
- Multilingual models still underperform on low-resource languages.
- It reinforces English as the default language for AI development.
- It affects fairness, accessibility, and global adoption.
Efforts to fix this include dedicated multilingual tokenizers, language-specific fine-tuning, and more balanced approaches. However, because English dominates training data and benchmarks, it remains the practical standard that everything else is measured against.
Tokenization isn’t language-neutral — it’s heavily skewed toward English due to data realities. This is one of the core reasons why “English-first” prompting often works best in today’s LLMs.
* StandardsMichigan.COM normally deals with Language issues every Monday at least once per month.
print(“Python”)
“Python is the programming equivalent
of a Swiss Army Knife.”
— Some guy
Open source standards development is characterized by very open exchange, collaborative participation, rapid prototyping, transparency and meritocracy. The Python programming language is a high-level, interpreted language that is widely used for general-purpose programming. Python is known for its readability, simplicity, and ease of use, making it a popular choice for beginners and experienced developers alike. Python has a large and active community of developers, which has led to the creation of a vast ecosystem of libraries, frameworks, and tools that can be used for a wide range of applications. These include web development, scientific computing, data analysis, machine learning, and more.
Another important aspect of Python is its versatility. It can be used on a wide range of platforms, including Windows, macOS, Linux, and even mobile devices. Python is also compatible with many other programming languages and can be integrated with other tools and technologies, making it a powerful tool for software development. Overall, the simplicity, readability, versatility, and large community support of Python make it a valuable programming language to learn for anyone interested in software development including building automation.
As open source software, anyone may suggest an improvement to Python(3.X) starting at the link below:
Python can be used to control building automation systems. Building automation systems are typically used to control various systems within a building, such as heating, ventilation, air conditioning, lighting, security, and more. Python can be used to control these systems by interacting with the control systems through the building’s network or other interfaces.
There are several Python libraries available that can be used for building automation, including PyVISA, which is used to communicate with instrumentation and control systems, and PyModbus, which is used to communicate with Modbus devices commonly used in building automation systems. Python can also be used to develop custom applications and scripts to automate building systems, such as scheduling temperature setpoints, turning on and off lights, and adjusting ventilation systems based on occupancy or other variables. Overall, Python’s flexibility and versatility make it well-suited for use in building automation systems.
.@PyCon US 2025 is a wrap, and our hearts are full with #Python community love! Thanks to every single one of you who organized, volunteered, attended, & sponsored 🐍🫶 #PyConUS
The PSF office will be closed May 26-28 so our staff can rest & recover. See you back online soon! pic.twitter.com/Sy1hiRmvw4
— Python Software Foundation (@ThePSF) May 27, 2025
Innovation and Competitiveness in Artificial Intelligence
NIST Expands AI Consortium’s Scope, Calls for New Members
The International Trade Administration (ITA) of the U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC) is requesting public comments to gain insights on the current global artificial intelligence (AI) market. Responses will provide clarity about stakeholder concerns regarding international AI policies, regulations, and other measures which may impact U.S. exports of AI technologies. Additionally, the request for information (RFI) includes inquiries related to AI standards development. ANSI encourages relevant stakeholders to respond by ITA’s deadline of October 17, 2022.
Commerce Department Launches the National Artificial Intelligence Advisory Committee
Save the date! NIST is set to release our AI Risk Management Framework this week.
📅 Thursday, January 26 at 10am ET
📍 Livestream (no registration needed)Learn more: https://t.co/2YmN2R6bTV pic.twitter.com/muICEyRYcP
— National Institute of Standards and Technology (@NIST) January 23, 2023
Morgan Wallen
Crowd Safety | Outdoor Event Electrotechnologies
The Big House is an ELITE venue.〽️🎸 pic.twitter.com/hi8UKwv6Yy
— The Winged Helmet (@TWH_Chris) July 25, 2026
MORGAN WALLEN ENTERS THE BIG HOUSE WITH THE HUGHES BROTHERS AND THE USA HOCKEY GOLD MEDAL pic.twitter.com/7KSEqndXAH
— Barstool Michigan (@BarstoolUofM) July 26, 2026
Morgan Wallen walks out at The Big House with Jack Hughes, Quinn Hughes, and a gold medal 🇺🇸 pic.twitter.com/QKYYLZqsmm
— Bussin’ With The Boys (@BussinWTB) July 26, 2026
Morgan Wallen performing in Michigan 🔥 pic.twitter.com/nFRMGTgsVc
— Country Limits (@CountryL1imits) July 26, 2026
Nothing better than Mr. Brightside at the Big House.
Just six more weeks until we hear it again. 〽️ pic.twitter.com/Sud71d9gXJ
— Barstool Michigan (@BarstoolUofM) July 26, 2026
Aidan Hutchinson was gifted a signed guitar from Morgan Wallen after walking out with him at the Big House yesterday 🔥 pic.twitter.com/Q3MnA0nOwA
— 𝔗𝔥𝔢 𝔇𝔢𝔱𝔯𝔬𝔦𝔱 𝔗𝔦𝔪𝔢𝔰 📰 (@the_det_times) July 26, 2026
Can confirm Mr. Brightside was played at the Morgan Wallen concert in the Big House tonight pic.twitter.com/heeNlblKIh
— Brice Marich (@BriceMarich) July 25, 2026
They put in new turf and then immediately covered it with thousands of pounds of equipment and rigging for the Morgan Wallen concert? https://t.co/B37WCDpVHx
— Nick Ponton (@nick_ponton) July 24, 2026
Detroit Lions Offensive Lineman Penei Sewell & Tate Ratledge HAD A GREAT TIME at Morgan Wallen 🔥
🎥: itsisabellesewell pic.twitter.com/fxrNI7HAQc
— Woodward Sports Network (@woodwardsports) July 26, 2026
Abiit sed non oblita
“Whom the gods love, die young.”
Menander (341-290 BCE)
“My mother was a Protestant, of a traditional American, vague kind: she belonged to the church that the nice people in the neighbourhood went to. My wife is a Catholic, the kids are Catholic, so I’m a Catholic fellow-traveller.”
Legacy | Toledo Ohio
“Everybody knows how to raise children, except the people who have them.”
“America wasn’t founded so that we could all be better. America was founded so we could all be anything we damned well pleased.”
MLive | Ann Arbor Michigan
“Giving money and power to government is like giving whiskey and car keys to teenage boys.”
“It’s better to spend money like there’s no tomorrow than to spend tonight like there’s no money.”
“When buying and selling are controlled by legislation, the first things to be bought and sold are legislators.”
“If government were a product, selling it would be illegal.”
“The Democrats are the party that says government will make you smarter, taller, richer, and remove the crabgrass on your lawn. The Republicans are the party that says government doesn’t work and then they get elected and prove it.”
“Not much was really invented during the Renaissance, if you don’t count modern civilization.”
“No humorist is under any obligation to provide answers and probably if you were to delve into the literary history of humour it’s probably all about not providing answers because the humorist essentially says: this is the way things are.”
Amphitheaters
University of Virginia — McIntire Amphitheatre
Concordia University Irvine — Nelson Amphitheatre
University of Houston — Wilhelmina’s Grove Amphitheater
“Panoramic View of the Greek Amphitheatre at Syracuse” 18th Century Abraham Louis Rodolphe Ducros
From from time to time — particularly in the months of fairer weather, when many events are hosted outdoors — we break form from the grind of responding to c0nsultations to simply enjoy these spaces See our CALENDAR for our periodic Lively c0lloquia when we drill down into technical specifics.
서울대학교
Outdoor amphitheaters rely upon a broad ecosystem of consensus standards that quietly support every performance. Among them:
- NFPA — National Electrical Code, including Articles 518, 520, 525 and related provisions
- SMPTE — media production and broadcast systems
- Audio Engineering Society (AES) — professional sound systems
- Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) — site and performance lighting
- ASTM International — seating, concrete, accessibility and materials
- ASCE — structural loading for stages, roofs and canopies
University of Melbourne (Architect rendering of project in process)
Furman University
High Point University
George Fox University Oregon
Globe Theater / Southern Utah University
Point Loma Nazarene University
Augusta University / Georgia
Singapore Management University
Swarthmore College
Silliman University Amphitheater / The Phillippines
University of Colorado
South Dakota State University
University of Mary Washington / Virginia
California State University San Marcos
Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Clemson University
University of Virginia
College of Idaho Centennial Amphitheater
Texas Woman’s University
Swarthmore College
Pomona College
Oakland University Meadowbrook Theater / Rochester, Michigan
More coming
LEARN MORE:
Outdoor Events
“Panoramic View of the Greek Amphitheatre at Syracuse” / Abraham Louis Rodolphe Ducros (18th Century)
Today at 15:00 UTC explore best practice literature for outdoor events in cross-cutting fashion; refreshing our understanding about how we make such events in academic settings safe, sustainable and successful. Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.
Virtual reality technology in evacuation simulation of sport stadiums
Open Air Audio
University of Colorado | Boulder County
Hosting open-air celebrations such as graduations and cultural requires sensitivity to audio standards that ensure high-quality sound and audience safety. Today at the usual hour we examine the standards covering sound system design, noise control, loudness levels, equipment specifications, weather and local environmental considerations.
Surprisingly, there are many even without approaching the not insignificant cabling system standards. We pick three representatives titles which cross reference one another:
World Health Organization recommendations for limiting exposure to leisure noise (e.g., concerts) to a level exceeding 80 dBA for 24 hours or 140 dB peak sound pressure to prevent hearing loss. Recommendations for speech heavy events will defer from musical events.
Audio Engineering Society Guideline AES56-2008 which provides recommendations for loudspeaker placement in sound reinforcement systems. Key points include:
-
- Height and Angle: Line array speakers are often elevated (e.g., on trusses or poles) and angled to cover the audience while reducing sound spill to non-audience areas.
- Distance: Main speakers should be placed to avoid excessive sound pressure near the front (e.g., 95–100 dBA max for audience safety) and ensure clarity at the back.
Acoustical Society of America ASA-2010 Acoustical Performance Criteria, Design Requirements, and Guidelines for Schools. While primarily for schools, this standard’s principles can apply to open-air educational or community events, emphasizing background noise control and speech intelligibility. For open-air audiences at events like outdoor lectures or festivals, speaker placement should minimize interference from environmental noise (e.g., traffic, wind). The standard suggests maintaining a signal-to-noise ratio where speech is at least 15 dB above background noise for clarity.
Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.
Related:
Examples of challenges met in parking lot performances by the USA’s best cover band from Smyrna Georgia:
Harvard University | Middlesex County Massachusetts
Readings: The “30-30” Rule for Outdoor Athletic Events Lightning Hazard
Thunderstorm | Shelter (Building: 30/30 Rule)
The standards for delaying outdoor sports due to lightning are typically set by governing bodies such as sports leagues, associations, or organizations, as well as local weather authorities. These standards may vary depending on the specific sport, location, and level of play. However, some common guidelines for delaying outdoor sports due to lightning include:
- Lightning Detection Systems: Many sports facilities are equipped with lightning detection systems that can track lightning activity in the area. These systems use sensors to detect lightning strikes and provide real-time information on the proximity and severity of the lightning threat. When lightning is detected within a certain radius of the sports facility, it can trigger a delay or suspension of outdoor sports activities.
- Lightning Distance and Time Rules: A common rule of thumb used in outdoor sports is the “30-30” rule, which states that if the time between seeing lightning and hearing thunder is less than 30 seconds, outdoor activities should be suspended, and participants should seek shelter. The idea is that lightning can strike even when it is not raining, and thunder can indicate the proximity of lightning. Once the thunder is heard within 30 seconds of seeing lightning, the delay or suspension should be implemented.
- Local Weather Authority Guidelines: Local weather authorities, such as the National Weather Service in the United States, may issue severe weather warnings that include lightning information. Sports organizations may follow these guidelines and suspend outdoor sports activities when severe weather warnings, including lightning, are issued for the area.
- Sports-Specific Guidelines: Some sports may have specific guidelines for lightning delays or suspensions. For example, golf often follows a “Play Suspended” policy, where play is halted immediately when a siren or horn is sounded, and players are required to leave the course and seek shelter. Other sports may have specific rules regarding how long a delay should last, how players should be informed, and when play can resume.
It’s important to note that safety should always be the top priority when it comes to lightning and outdoor sports. Following established guidelines and seeking shelter when lightning is detected or severe weather warnings are issued can help protect participants from the dangers of lightning strikes.
Noteworthy: NFPA titles such as NFPA 780 and NFPA 70 Article 242 deal largely with wiring safety, informed by assuring a low-resistance path to earth (ground)
There are various lightning detection and monitoring devices available on the market that can help you stay safe during thunderstorms. Some of these devices can track the distance of lightning strikes and alert you when lightning is detected within a certain radius of your location. Some devices can also provide real-time updates on lightning strikes in your area, allowing you to make informed decisions about when to seek shelter.
Examples of such devices include personal lightning detectors, lightning alert systems, and weather stations that have lightning detection capabilities. It is important to note that these devices should not be solely relied upon for lightning safety and should be used in conjunction with other safety measures, such as seeking shelter indoors and avoiding open areas during thunderstorms.
New update alert! The 2022 update to the Trademark Assignment Dataset is now available online. Find 1.29 million trademark assignments, involving 2.28 million unique trademark properties issued by the USPTO between March 1952 and January 2023: https://t.co/njrDAbSpwB pic.twitter.com/GkAXrHoQ9T
— USPTO (@uspto) July 13, 2023
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