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2029 National Electrical Code Panel 15
The University of Michigan has supported the voice of the United States education facility industry since 1993 — the second longest tenure of any voice in the United States. That voice has survived several organizational changes but remains intact and will continue its Safer-Simpler-Lower Cost-Longer Lasting priorities on Code Panel 3 in the 2029 Edition.
Today, during our customary “Open Door” teleconference we will examine the technical concepts under the purview of Code Panel 15; among them:
Article 120 Part VI
Article 517 Health Care Facilities
Article 518 Assembly Occupancies
Article 520 Theaters…and Performance Areas
Article 522 Control Systems for Permanent Amusement Attractions
Article 525 Carnivals, Circuses, Fairs and Similar Events
Article 530 Motion Picture and Television Studios
Article 540 Motion Picture Projection Rooms
IEEE-IAS/PES JTCC Representative: Daleep Mohla
Public Input on the 2029 Edition will be received until April 9, 2026.
Related:
- Since the lifespan of educational buildings make the building core and shell susceptible to multiple changes not typically associated with commercial buildings, additional pathways should be placed in areas where the core and shell components of the facility are likely to re-main for extended periods of time
- It is recommended that all areas of an educational building have wireless coverage unless prohibited
Pathway Illumination
“Nighthawks” 1942 Edward Hopper
The Illumination Engineering Society is one of the first names in standards-setting organizations with a catalog routinely referenced in design guidelines and construction projects. Because of the money flow into illumination technologies worldwide the IES occupies a domain that is relatively crowded:
- National Electrical Manufacturers and Medical Imaging Association; whose interest lies in leveling the playing field for about 300 electrical equipment manufacturers
- Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers; whose interest lies in the research activity in seeing sciences, the luminescence sources and the power chain
- American Society of Heating and Refrigeration Engineers; whose interest lies in energy conservation
- National Fire Protection Association; whose interest lies in fire safety of lighting systems within building premises.
- International Code Council; whose interest lies in pulling together all of the relevant standards for lighting egress paths of the built environment
- International Electrotechnical Commission; whose interest lies in the administration of global electrical and electronic technologies
- International Commission on Illumination; the international authority on light, illumination, colour, and colour spaces
There are others. With illumination power requirement on a downward trajectory where footcandles can be driven at information & communication technology voltage and current levels; we find relatively new entrants into the market with deep pockets and for good reason. In a typical building, the interior lighting load is the major electrical load (on the order of 40 percent) and a major contributor to the functionality of the building. There are a number of other trade associations that are participants in research and open source standards for faster moving parts of the illumination science. We will cover these in future, related posts.
Last year a new standardization project was launched by the IES. From the project prospectus:
IES LP-2-201x, Designing Quality Lighting for People in Outdoor Environments (new standard)
Project Need: This document is not intended to supersede existing IES application RPs, rather it will link the various documents together, augmenting them in subject areas not otherwise covered, including but not limited to sidewalks, bikepaths, pedestrian paths, parks, outdoor malls, pedestrian-only business districts, plazas, amphitheaters, large outdoor gathering areas, campuses, pedestrian bridges, and pedestrian underpasses.
Stakeholders: Lighting practitioners, electrical engineers, civic planners, civil engineers, architects, community-based planning groups, general public. Lighting recommendations for non-vehicular pedestrian applications using recommendations beyond illuminance only, which ultimately fails to provide a complete guideline for the visual experience of pedestrian-based tasks. The RP will be a comprehensive approach for light levels, glare, adaptation, spectrum, and contrast while addressing safety, timing, and perceived security. Application of these recommendations will ultimately enhance the pedestrian’s visual experience while also respecting the environment.
Soon to be released, a related product covering technical specifics of a familiar battleground — lighting controls:
IES LP-12 Lighting Practice: IoT Connected Lighting
The consultation closed May 24th and the agenda of the committee writing this standard is being administered. Very often technical committees are receptive to new ideas after a comment deadline if those ideas are submitted to a committee member directly. We invite anyone with an interest in this topic to click in to any of our daily colloquia to begin that process.
Not far into the future: individually controlled luminaires responsive to the use of campus pathways. There are already some pilot projects on higher education campuses.
A few other technical committees relevant to educational communities should be identified, though we will sort through the standards setting activity in separate posts:
Edu-Lib-Ofc Lighting Committee
Outdoor Environmental Lighting Committee
Outdoor Public Spaces Committee
Roadway Lighting Committee (Many large research universities own miles of roads)
We always encourage direct participation by space planners, workpoint experts and academic unit facility managers in IES standards development process. Contact: Patricia McGillicuddy, (917) 913-0027, pmcgillicuddy@ies.org. 120 Wall Street, Floor 17, New York, NY.
We coordinate most of our electrotechnology standards advocacy with the IEEE Education & Healthcare Facilities Committee which meets 4 times monthly in European and American time zones. Its meeting agendas and login credentials are available on its website. Since illumination technologies are present in all spaces in education communities, IES consensus products will appear on the standing agenda of most disciplines. See our CALENDAR.
Issue: [19-50]
Category: Electrical, Space Planning
Colleagues: Mike Anthony, Jim Harvey, Kane Howard, Glenn Keates, George Reiher
*We find that when the SSO has heavy manufacturer support, its standards development facility lies in the upper-quality tier.
Potato beef casserole
University of Minnesota Extension | Standards Minnesota
2020 Minnesota State Building Codes
Click image for recipe
When kids join @MN4H, they open a whole new door to hands-on learning. Youth from 13 #Minnesota counties at the #UMNProud St. Paul campus for crop scouting. #STEM pic.twitter.com/g8VOyk8Bly
— U of MN Extension (@UMNExt) July 20, 2022
Regents of the University of Minnesota: General Obligation Refunding Bonds
Norman County East School District
Colloquy (January)
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Illustration from 1913 showing Pythagoras teaching a class of women. Pythagoras believed that women should be taught philosophy as well as men and many prominent members of his school were women.Our practice is fairly structured as our Syllabus reveals. Once a month we like to break form and throw our agenda “open”. Unstructured. Completely determined by the interest of our clients, colleagues and followers. Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.
“Reflections on the motive power of fire: | Sadi Carnot
* Lyndon B. Johnson played a significant role in the passage of the Education Acts of 1965, which consisted of two key pieces of legislation: the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) and the Higher Education Act (HEA).
As President of the United States, Johnson made education reform a priority of his administration and saw it as a means of addressing poverty and inequality in America. He signed the ESEA into law in April 1965, which was designed to provide funding to schools serving low-income students and aimed to close the achievement gap between disadvantaged students and their more affluent peers. The ESEA also provided funds for teacher training and other educational programs.
In November of the same year, Johnson signed the HEA into law, which provided funding for college and university education and sought to make higher education more accessible to all Americans.
Together, these Education Acts of 1965 were a significant achievement for Johnson’s administration and played a crucial role in expanding educational opportunities for millions of Americans. They marked a major shift in federal education policy and helped to establish the federal government’s role in shaping education policy in the United States.
“The Banjo Lesson” 1893 | Henry Ossawa Tanner
National Institutes of Health (Library of Medicine)
Dr. Jill Jacobs-Biden: Student Retention at the Community College: Meeting Student’s Needs
Michelle Obama: Princeton-Educated Blacks and the Black Community
Dr. Claudine Gay: Taking charge: Black electoral success and the redefinition of American politics
Hilary Clinton: There is Only the Fight…
John Kennedy: Appeasement at Munich
John Nash: Non-Cooperative Games
“A Comparison of the Conceptions of God in the Thinking of Paul Tillich and Henry Nelson Wieman”
Proquest (formerly University of Michigan) Microfilms
Abstract:
A. Statement of Problem
The problem of this dissertation was to compare and evaluate the conceptions of God in the thinking of Paul Tillich and Henry Nelson Wieman.
The concept of God was chosen because of the central place which it occupies in any religion; and because of the ever-present need to interpret and clarify the God-concept. Tillich and Wieman were chosen because they represent different types of theology; and because each of them, in the last few years, has had an increasing influence upon theological and philosophical thought.
B. The Methods of Procedure
Several methods of procedure were employed in the investigation of the problem stated for this dissertation. First, the expository method was used. In this method the investigator sought to give a comprehensive and sympathetic exposition of the conceptions of God held by Wieman and Tillich. Second, the comparative method was employed. Here the thought of Wieman and Tillich was brought together with a view to determining their convergent and divergent points. Third, the critical method was employed. The investigator sought to give a critical evaluation of the conceptions of God held by Wieman and Tillich. In seeking to give this critical appraisal, two norms were employed: (i) adequacy in expressing the religious values of historic Christianity; and (ii) adequacy in meeting the requirements of consistency and coherence.
It was necessary to begin the study with a discussion of the methodologies of Tillich and Wieman, since the question of method is of such vital importance in theological and philosophical construction.
Throughout his theology Tillich undertakes the difficult task of setting forth a systematic theology which is at the same time an apologetic. The method used to effect this apologetic task is the “method of correlation.” This method shows the interdependence between the ultimate questions to which philosophy is driven and the answers given in the Christian message. In this method question and answer determine each other. Philosophy and theology are not separated, and they are not identical, but they are correlated.
The method which Wieman employs is the “scientific method.” He contends that this is the only method by which truth can be obtained, whether in the field of common sense, science, philosophy, or religion. The scientific method is defined as the method in which sensory observation, experimental behavior, and rational inference are working together. The methodologies of Tillich and Wieman are quite antithetical at many points. Wieman’s scientific method is basically naturalistic. Tillich’s method of correlation seeks to overcome the conflict between the naturalistic and supernaturalistic methods.
It was necessary to begin the exposition of Tillich’s conception of God with a discussion of his ontology as a whole, since it is his ultimate conviction that God is “being-itself.” It was also necessary to include a section on Wieman’s theory of value in the exposition of his conception of God, since he holds that God is supreme value and supreme source of value.
C. Conclusions
The following theses may be stated as conclusions drawn from this investigation of the conceptions of God in the thinking of Tillich and Wieman.
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- Tillich’s basic and most persistent definition of God is “being-itself,” esse ipsum. In affirming that God is being-itself, Tillich is denying that God is a being beside other beings. In this conception he intends to convey the idea of power of being. God is the power of being in everything and above everything.
- Wieman’s basic definition of God is the “creative event.” This definition is an amplification of what Wieman means when he speaks of God as growth. He further defines God as “supreme value” and as “the unlimited connective growth of value-connections.” But these definitions seem to have three different meanings. […] At this point Wieman has failed to be consistently empirical.
- Both Tillich and Wieman agree that God is an undeniable reality. […] Both sacrifice too much for the sake of getting rid of a troublesome question.
- Both Tillich and Wieman deny the category of personality to God. […] In this respect Tillich’s thought is somewhat akin to the impersonalism of Oriental Vedantism. “Being-itself” is a pure absolute, devoid of consciousness and life.
- [… continuing to point 13 …] Wieman’s ultimate pluralism fails to satisfy the rational demand for unity. Tillich’s ultimate monism swallows up finite individuality in the unity of being. A more adequate view is to hold a quantitative pluralism and a qualitative monism. In this way both oneness and manyness are preserved.
Create a Winter Bird Haven
Blue birds huddling together for warmth
pic.twitter.com/t0SEG4CZhs— Science girl (@gunsnrosesgirl3) December 27, 2024
Also from the University of Illinois:
Why so much slip and fall attorney advertisements after SCOTUS Bates v. State Bar of Arizona (1977)
Winter Birds
Blue birds huddling together for warmth
pic.twitter.com/t0SEG4CZhs— Science girl (@gunsnrosesgirl3) December 27, 2024
William Wilberforce, Esq., MP
President Donald Trump Initiates and Signs into Law $255 Permanent Annual Funding to HBCU’s
Wilberforce University is the first private Historically Black College and University (HBCU) in the U.S., founded in 1856 by the Methodist Episcopal Church, making it the first institution of higher learning founded, owned, and operated by African Americans. While not the absolute first HBCU overall (that distinction belongs to Lincoln University in Pennsylvania), Wilberforce was the first private one and holds the unique distinction as the first to graduate Black students with accredited bachelor’s degrees in 1857, preceding Lincoln.
🎬 #Wilberforce hosted filmmaker and #EmperiumStudios founder #DomCampbell on campus yesterday. #AWUWorld campus production team also had the opportunity to sit down with him for an exclusive interview! 🎥Be sure to follow A WU World on all social platforms. pic.twitter.com/xQuq8qyvsL
— Wilberforce Univ. (@wilberforce_u) January 15, 2026
William Wilberforce (1759–1833) is the first name in the abolitionist movement in the Anglosphere; with Abraham Lincoln to follow. Accordingly, the first Historically Black College and University in the United States is named after him. Driven by his evangelical Christian faith, Wilberforce took up the cause in 1787 to abolish the British transatlantic slave trade which routinely faced resistance from African rulers in Lagos (modern Nigeria) and the; among them and the Kingdom of Dahomey (modern Benin).
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Why is William Wilberforce often ignored in American history books?
William Wilberforce, the British MP who led the decades-long parliamentary campaign that resulted in the 1807 abolition of the British slave trade (and later full emancipation in 1833), is frequently overlooked in American history textbooks and education. We remind the education industry in the United States that the spark for ending slavery everywhere in the world originated with the Holy Trinity Church on Clapham Common in South London.
This omission stems primarily from national focus: U.S. history curricula emphasize domestic events and figures in the fight against American slavery. The narrative centers on the U.S. Constitution’s compromises, the Missouri Compromise, Harriet Tubman, Frederick Douglass, John Brown, and especially Abraham Lincoln and the Civil War. British abolition, while influential and inspirational to American abolitionists, is seen as foreign history.
Additionally, the American story is framed as a uniquely national struggle involving internal conflict, sectionalism, and civil war—rather than parliamentary reform led by an evangelical Christian in another country. Some historians note a broader “forgetfulness” about the transatlantic abolition movement after the Civil War, as America focused on reconciliation and downplayed slavery’s moral dimensions.
Wilberforce’s heroic role is sidelined because American education prioritizes homegrown heroes and the violent path to emancipation in the United States over Britain’s earlier, legislative success.
Related
University of Hull Wilberforce Institute
New 820-Bed Hospital | $1.9B
Key details:
- Total project cost: $1.9 billion (largest single facilities project in Ohio State history).
- Size: About 1.9 million square feet.
- Beds: Up to 820 all-private rooms.
- Additional features: 234 ICU beds, expanded emergency and surgical services, connections to other medical buildings, and a new parking garage.
- Timeline: Construction started around 2020, with substantial completion and opening in early 2026.
Related:
2024 International Plumbing Code | ASPE Plumbing Design Handbook
| ASHRAE 188 Legionellosis: Risk Management for Building Water Systems
International Building Code Meeting minutes #67 2025-12-12
IEEE 602 (White Book) Recommended Practice for Electric Systems in Health Care Facilities
February 2026: New 820-Bed Inpatient Hospital at Ohio State University
The new 820-bed inpatient tower at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center (known as University Hospital) opened in February 2026 and represents the largest single-facility project in the university’s history, with a focus on patient-centered care, advanced technology, and sustainability.
Based on available project details, there were no reported major electrical problems or disruptions during construction or activation that hindered progress—in fact, electrical systems were tested successfully with no operational challenges noted during key milestones like the activation of exterior lighting. Instead, several noteworthy electrical and technology-related features and innovations have contributed to the project’s overall success, particularly in enhancing energy efficiency, patient experience, and operational performance.
Energy Efficiency and Sustainability Initiatives
The hospital’s design emphasizes sustainable electrical systems, earning it a green bond designation for its bonds and a sustainability award from the Ohio Facilities Construction Commission early in the project. Key aspects include:
- Optimized energy consumption: The building incorporates enhanced commissioning of electrical systems to ensure high performance and reduced energy use, aligning with broader goals to minimize costs and environmental impact. This includes low-carbon energy sources and utility plant management, allowing savings to be redirected toward patient care.
- Daylight maximization: Patient rooms feature 9-foot windows to flood spaces with natural light, reducing reliance on artificial lighting and supporting faster recovery while lowering electricity demands.
- LED lighting integration: The iconic Block O exterior sign (30 feet tall, 365 feet above ground, and weighing nearly 3 tons) uses about 750 feet of energy-efficient LED lighting, symbolizing the hospital’s commitment to modern, low-energy illumination. Electrical systems for this were pre-tested, ensuring seamless activation without issues.
These elements not only promote eco-friendly operations but also position the hospital as a model for future healthcare facilities, with designs that conserve energy and adapt to evolving needs.
Technological and Electrical Innovations for Care
Electrical infrastructure supports cutting-edge features that improve clinical outcomes and user experience:
- Digital patient interfaces: Every private room includes a 75-inch digital screen powered by integrated electrical and cabling systems, enabling telehealth, video conferencing, room controls (e.g., lighting and temperature), educational content, entertainment, and relaxation tools. This fosters team-based care and patient empowerment.
- Surgical and operational tech: Cabling installations in operating rooms facilitate surgical video integration, allowing real-time audio/video during procedures for better collaboration and training. The building’s modernized spaces accommodate advanced technology, with simulations during pre-opening phases identifying and resolving minor electrical tweaks (e.g., call button functionality) to ensure reliability.
- Infrastructure scale: With 50 elevators and state-of-the-art diagnostic areas, the electrical backbone (managed under mechanical-electrical-plumbing oversight) supports high-reliability power for critical care, including 234 ICU beds and neonatal units.
These electrical-enabled innovations have helped the project stay ahead of schedule (reaching substantial completion in late 2025) and under budget in key areas, contributing to its acclaim as a forward-thinking facility that elevates care for Ohio’s growing population. No significant electrical setbacks were publicly documented, unlike a brief structural pause in 2022 for a cracked concrete column (unrelated to electrical systems). Overall, the seamless integration of efficient, reliable electrical systems has been a key factor in the hospital’s successful launch and its role in advancing healthcare innovation.
New update alert! The 2022 update to the Trademark Assignment Dataset is now available online. Find 1.29 million trademark assignments, involving 2.28 million unique trademark properties issued by the USPTO between March 1952 and January 2023: https://t.co/njrDAbSpwB pic.twitter.com/GkAXrHoQ9T
— USPTO (@uspto) July 13, 2023
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