— Standards Michigan (@StandardsMich) July 6, 2026
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Financial Presentations & Webcasts
First Quarter 2026 Earnings Release | May 5, 2026
Here we shift our perspective 120 degrees to understand the point of view of the Producer interest in the American national standards system (See ANSI Essential Requirements). The title of this post draws from the location of US and European headquarters. We list proposals by a successful electrical manufacturer for discussion during today’s colloquium:
2026 National Electrical Code
CMP-1: short circuit current ratings, connections with copper cladded aluminum conductors, maintenance to be provided by OEM, field markings
CMP-2: reconditioned equipment, receptacles in accessory buildings, GFCI & AFCI protection, outlet placement generally, outlets for outdoor HVAC equipment(1)
(1) Here we would argue that if a pad mount HVAC unit needs service with tools that need AC power once every 5-10 years then the dedicated branch circuit is not needed. Many campuses have on-site, full-time staff that can service outdoor pad mounted HVAC equipment without needing a nearby outlet. One crew — two electricians — will run about $2500 per day to do anything on campus.
CMP-3: No proposals
CMP-4: solar voltaic systems (1)
(1) Seems reasonable – spillover outdoor night time lighting effect upon solar panel charging should be identified.
CMP-5: Administrative changes only
CMP-6: No proposals
CMP-7: Distinction between “repair” and “servicing”
CMP-8: Reconditioned equipment
CMP-9: Reconditioned equipment
CMP-10: Short circuit ratings, service disconnect, disconnect for meters, transformer secondary conductor, secondary conductor taps, surge protective devices, disconnecting means generally, spliced and tap conductors, more metering safety, 1200 ampere threshold for arc reduction technology, reconditioned surge equipment shall not be permitted, switchboard short circuit ratings
CMP-11: Lorem
CMP-12: Lorem
CMP-13: Lorem
Lorem ipsum
Students’ top five loved lounge spots
Standards Canada (CSI Group) | Bureau de normalisation du Québec (BNQ)
Consolidated Financial Statement 2025: Deficit of $17.0M CAD
Perfect first day 🌟 / Journée parfaite 🌟 Welcome (back) to Concordia! / Bienvenue! pic.twitter.com/CdSJzoL4Pp
— Concordia University (@Concordia) September 2, 2025
Higher education institutions worldwide exhibit a pronounced left-leaning bias primarily due to their structural dependence on large government. Public universities rely directly on taxpayer subsidies, while even elite private ones receive massive federal research grants, loan guarantees, and regulatory favors. This creates powerful incentives to support expansive government: more spending sustains enrollment via student aid, funds bureaucratic growth, and aligns research agendas with state priorities in climate, equity, and regulation.
Faculty and administrators, insulated by tenure and public-sector-like employment, internalize the worldview that justifies their funding model—favoring redistribution, identity politics, and skepticism of markets. Dissenting views threaten grant flows and institutional prestige tied to government alignment. Globally, from Europe to Latin America to Asia, state-dominated higher education reproduces this pattern, as independence from Leviathan remains rare. The result is ideological conformity masquerading as expertise.
Gad Saad, Professor of Marketing at Concordia Quebec, quotes E. O. Wilson (Edward Osborne Wilson), the renowned Harvard biologist and professor” “Karl Marx was right, socialism works, it is just that he had the wrong species.”
Tokens
American English is effectively the de facto reference language for most modern LLM tokenization. During today’s session we explore the at-present advantage Americans have in the development of artificial applications — whether it should always be that way or not. Tokenization isn’t language-neutral — it’s heavily skewed toward English due to data realities. This is one of the core reasons why “English-first” prompting often works best in today’s LLMs.
We will use the document linked below to begin the exploration:
Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page
The Quick Brown Fox – Tokenization Example
Original English Sentence:
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
1. Tokenization
Tokens: ["The", " quick", " brown", " fox", " jumps", " over", " the", " lazy", " dog", "."]
2. Token IDs (Numbers fed to the AI model)
| Token | Token ID |
|---|---|
| The | 464 |
| quick | 2068 |
| brown | 7583 |
| fox | 1776 |
| jumps | 18045 |
| over | 625 |
| the | 262 |
| lazy | 16925 |
| dog | 3290 |
| . | 13 |
Final Input to the AI Model:
[464, 2068, 7583, 1776, 18045, 625, 262, 16925, 3290, 13]
Background:
The model only sees this list of numbers. It has no direct understanding of English words anymore — it learned patterns from billions of examples during training using these number sequences.This numerical input then goes through embeddings (turning numbers into vectors), attention layers, etc., to generate a response. Most widely used tokenizers (e.g., OpenAI’s tiktoken, Llama’s, etc.) are trained primarily on English-heavy datasets (often 60–90%+ English in pre-training corpora).
Outcome:
-
- Better compression for English — Common English words and patterns become single tokens or short subwords.
- Worse efficiency for other languages — Non-English text often gets fragmented into more tokens (sometimes 2–5× more for the same semantic content).
Impact:
-
- Higher token counts = higher API costs and shorter effective context windows for non-English users.
- Poorer downstream performance on non-English tasks.
- English becomes the “cheapest” and often “best-performing” language for prompting and reasoning.
Studies consistently show this “tokenization tax” or “language premium”: English typically has the lowest token-per-character or token-per-meaning ratio in major models.
Bias:
-
- Multilingual models still underperform on low-resource languages.
- It reinforces English as the default language for AI development.
- It affects fairness, accessibility, and global adoption.
Efforts to fix this include dedicated multilingual tokenizers, language-specific fine-tuning, and more balanced approaches. However, because English dominates training data and benchmarks, it remains the practical standard that everything else is measured against.
Tokenization isn’t language-neutral — it’s heavily skewed toward English due to data realities. This is one of the core reasons why “English-first” prompting often works best in today’s LLMs.
* StandardsMichigan.COM normally deals with Language issues every Monday at least once per month.
Every day is a “standards” journey!
U.S. Representation in ISO | ISO Secretariats Held by the United States
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The ISO Research Grant is awarded annually to one postgraduate student (Masters, PhD or postdoc) to conduct a research study related to a theme proposed by ISO. The grant amount is 25,000 CHF. A different theme is proposed each year, but the broad focus is on evaluating the impacts of international standards. We have covered it since its inception in the early days of the original Standards Michigan enterprise. (See ABOUT). We see no information on the next revision cycle but can provide information about the 2026 grant cycle in the link below:
ISO Research Grant 2022: Call for Proposals
ISO Research Grant 2021: ANSI Announcement
Mike Anthony at ISO Offices Genève
Vacation Bible School
This content is accessible to paid subscribers. To view it please enter your password below or send mike@standardsmichigan.com a request for subscription details.
Global Positioning System: A Generation of Service to the World
Citizens of the Earth depend upon United States leadership in this technology for several reasons:
Development: The GPS was originally developed by the US Department of Defense for military purposes, but it was later made available for civilian use. The US has invested heavily in the development and maintenance of the system, which has contributed to its leadership in this area.
Coverage: The GPS provides global coverage, with 24 satellites orbiting the earth and transmitting signals that can be received by GPS receivers anywhere in the world. This level of coverage is unmatched by any other global navigation system.
Accuracy: The US has worked to continually improve the accuracy of the GPS, with current accuracy levels estimated at around 10 meters for civilian users and even higher accuracy for military users.
Innovation: The US has continued to innovate and expand the capabilities of the GPS over time, with newer versions of the system including features such as higher accuracy, improved anti-jamming capabilities, and the ability to operate in more challenging environments such as indoors or in urban canyons.
Collaboration: The US has collaborated with other countries to expand the reach and capabilities of the GPS, such as through the development of compatible navigation systems like the European Union’s Galileo system and Japan’s QZSS system.
United States leadership in the GPS has been driven by a combination of investment, innovation, collaboration, and a commitment to improving the accuracy and capabilities of the system over time.
Construction Specifications for Exterior Clocks
Seamless positioning system using GPS and beacons for community service robot
Global Positioning System: Monitoring the Fuel Consumption in Transport Distribution
The Timation Development Plan led to GPS. It uses the globe. The celestial transformation which was used to sell it to the Navy was based on celestial navigation which is based on the globe. pic.twitter.com/o75BgKgy4L
— Richard Easton (@RDEIL) July 1, 2026
Flags
A flag stands for a set of principles; the reach for the ideals of a civilization–
not for the lapses of adherence to them.
“After School” 1959 Norman Rockwell
Flag Day in the United States, observed on June 14th, commemorates the adoption of the American flag by the Second Continental Congress in 1777. It’s a day to honor the symbol of the nation’s unity, freedom, and democracy. The flag represents the ideals and principles upon which the country was founded, including liberty, justice, and equality.
On Flag Day, Americans typically display the flag at their homes and businesses, participate in patriotic ceremonies, and reflect on the significance of the flag in American history and culture. It’s also a time to remember the sacrifices made by those who have served and continue to serve in defense of the nation. Flag Day serves as a reminder of the values that bind Americans together as one nation, under the banner of the stars and stripes.
There are no rigorous standard heights for flagpoles displaying the American flag in educational settlements but there are general guidelines and recommendations.
Commercial Use: In commercial settings, flagpoles can vary widely depending on the size of the building and the surrounding landscape. They can range from 20 feet for smaller businesses to over 100 feet for large corporate buildings.
Government Buildings: Flagpoles at government buildings or public spaces often range from 30 to 60 feet or more, depending on the size and prominence of the building.
Proportions: A general guideline for the American flag is that the length of the flag should be about one-quarter to one-third the height of the flagpole.
Regulations: Some local ordinances or homeowner associations may have specific guidelines regarding flagpole height, so it’s a good idea to check local regulations before installing one.
Ultimately, the height of a flagpole for the American flag depends on the context and purpose of display, as well as practical considerations such as the size of the flag itself and local regulations.
University of Michigan
It’s a perfect day for school in @DGDistrict58! Such a fun morning visiting with the Lester students, staff, and families. It’s great to be in 58! #dg58pride pic.twitter.com/bwHlROpbMw
— Dr. Kevin B. Russell (@drkevinbrussell) August 30, 2023
Hillsdale College Michigan
Western University Ontario
Universitetet i Oslo
Northeastern University Massachusetts
University at Buffalo New York
Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia
Pepperdine University / California
Colby College Maine
Finley Public School New South Wales Australia
St. Olaf College Minnesota
College of the Ozarks Missouri
University of Alaska Fairbanks
Neuqua Valley High School Illinois
Hillsdale College Michigan
Abilene Christian University Texas
University of Southern Mississippi | Image: Courtland Wells
Québec
Queensborough Community College
Bucknell University Pennsylvania
NB: “The flag stands for a set of principles, not the lack of adherence to them.” ― Craig D. Lounsbrough. We are not sure about this source; nor the author. We have adapted the sentiment for our home page excerpt.
Code for Fireworks Display
“Fireworks over Castel Sant’Angelo in Rome” | Jacob Philipp Hackert (1775)
At least twice a year, and during performances with flame effects, public safety departments in colleges and universities have an elevated concern about campus citizen safety, and the safety of the host community, when fireworks are used for celebration. We find very rigorous prohibitions against the use of fireworks, weapons and explosives on campus. Education and enforcement usually falls on facility and operation campus safety units.
That much said, we follow development, but do not advocate in NFPA 1123 Code for Fireworks Display, because it lies among a grouping of titles that set the standard of care for many college and university public safety departments that sometimes need to craft prohibitions with consideration for the business purposes of entertainment and celebration in education facilities. NFPA 1123 is not a long document — only 22 pages of core text — but it contains a few basic considerations for display site selection, clearances and permitting that campus public safety departments will coordinate with the host community. It references NFPA 1126, Standard for the Use of Pyrotechnics Before a Proximate Audience and NFPA 160 Standard for the Use of Flame Effects Before an Audience.
Something to keep an eye on. The home page for this code is linked below:
NFPA 1123 Code for Fireworks Display
For a sense of the technical discussions, transcripts of two developmental stages are linked below:
Public comment on 2026 Edition proposed revisions is receivable until May 30, 2024.
We maintain this title on our periodic Prometheus colloquium. See our CALENDAR for the next online meeting.
Issue: [16-134]
Category: Public Safety
Colleagues: Mike Anthony, Jack Janveja, Richard Robben
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New update alert! The 2022 update to the Trademark Assignment Dataset is now available online. Find 1.29 million trademark assignments, involving 2.28 million unique trademark properties issued by the USPTO between March 1952 and January 2023: https://t.co/njrDAbSpwB pic.twitter.com/GkAXrHoQ9T
— USPTO (@uspto) July 13, 2023
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