University of California Berkeley
Readings:
Resistance Grounding System Basics
Electrical Safety for High Resistance Grounded Systems
Impedance Grounding for Electric Grid Surviability
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Electrical Commissioning Specifications
University of California San Diego Microgrid Installation
The InterNational Electrical Testing Association (NETA) is an association of leading electrical testing companies comprised of visionaries who are committed to advancing the industry’s standards for power system installation and maintenance to ensure the highest level of reliability and safety. It has launched a new revision cycle to update the existing Edition of ANSI/NETA ECS Standard for Electrical Commissioning Specifications for Electrical Power Equipment and Systems. From the standard prospectus:
Scope: It is the purpose of these specifications to assure that tested electrical equipment and systems are operational, are within applicable standards and manufacturer’s tolerances, and are installed in accordance with design specifications.
Project Need: The purpose of these specifications is to assure that tested electrical systems are safe, reliable, and operational; are in conformance with applicable standards and manufacturers’ tolerances; and are installed in accordance with design specifications. These specifications are specifically intended for application on electrical power equipment and systems.
Stakeholders: Commissioning agents, governmental agencies, A&E firms, inspection authorities, owners of facilities that utilize large blocks of electrical energy, electrical testing firms.
This standard is not intended to be submitted for consideration as an ISO, IEC, or ISO/IEC JTC-1 standard.
Revision cycles to other titles in the NETA catalogue:
- NETA ECS-2024
- NETA ATS-2025
- NETA ETT-2026
- NETA MTS-2027
NETA standards are typically referenced in electrical system construction documents for setting safety criteria before local authorities permit initial system energization and building occupancy. The NETA suite is also among the constellation of consensus documents that set the standard of care for the safety of building electrical systems across the full span of an electrical system life cycle.
We review the NETA catalog jointly with the IEEE Education & Healthcare Facilities Committee which is the locus of the most informed technical and business opinions on customer-owned electrical power generating facilities for the education facilities industry. That committee meets online twice today:
All standards dealing with the #TotalCostofOwnership of distributed electrical energy resources are on the standing agenda of our weekly Open Door teleconferences which are hosted weekly on Wednesday at 11 AM Eastern time. Click here to log in.
Issue:[13-44]
Category: Electrical, Facility Asset Management, #SmartCampus
Colleagues: Mike Anthony, Jim Harvey, Gary Walls, Glenn Keates
Bucolia 300
Why the “Arbor” in Ann Arbor Michigan?
Other Ways of Knowing Climate Change
Anglo-americká vysoká škola, z.ú. Czech Republic
Today we walk through literature governing the safety and sustainability of the open space features of education community estates. Unlike the titles for the building envelope, which are known to most design professionals and contractors, the standards for grounds and landscaping are widely scattered; many of them occupational safety related; created, administered and enforced by units of government.
During the fair seasons we examine the moment in landscape, garden, tree and water literature. We also track titles about the reclamation of building roofs for permeable surfaces and gardens.
During the winter months in the northern hemisphere we include snow and ice management; while covering summer month technologies for southern hemisphere (and vice-versa). Snowfalls in the southern hemisphere are mainly contained to the highlands and mountain ranges, which are almost exclusively in Victoria and Southern New South Wales, as well as the mountains in Tasmania. Winter does not pose as much of a cost burden to education facilities in the southern hemisphere as it does in the northern hemisphere.
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Landscape standards refer to guidelines or regulations that specify the requirements for the design, installation, and maintenance of outdoor spaces such as parks, gardens, streetscapes, and public spaces. Landscape standards typically cover various aspects of landscape design, including vegetation selection, planting arrangements, irrigation systems, hardscape materials, and lighting. These standards may be set by government agencies at the federal, state, or local level, or by professional organizations such as the American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA). Landscape standards aim to ensure that outdoor spaces are safe, functional, and aesthetically pleasing while also promoting sustainability and environmental protection. Landscape standards may also address issues such as accessibility for people with disabilities, water conservation, stormwater management, and erosion control. They may vary depending on the specific location, climate, and intended use of the outdoor space. Compliance with landscape standards may be required for approval of development projects, public funding, or other permits. |
Father Marquette Catholic Academy | Marquette County Michigan
We track the standards catalog of two ANSI-accredited standards developers:
Tree Care Industry Association
Additional practice titles applicable to accessory systems:
ASABE/ICC 802 Landscape Irrigation Sprinkler and Emitter Standard
National Electrical Code: Article 411 Low-Voltage Lighting
National Electrical Code: Article 225: Outside Branch Circuits and Feeders
Illumination Engineering Society (Lighting Library)
Land F/X: Landscape Lighting, Codes, Guidelines and Techniques
OSHA Landscape and Horticultural Services
As a cross-cutting subject involving soil and water and sun many other standards developers, and all levels of government, produce best practice literature for today’s topic. We’ll have a look at what’s moving among those.
To join us use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.
Ogród na dachu biblioteki
“It is impossible to communicate to people who have not experienced it–
the undefinable menace of total rationalism.” Czesław Miłosz
Polish Committee for Standardization
Monticello
University of Virginia Landscape Services
Garden Club of Virginia Virtual Tour April 2020
Jefferson’s Plan for an Academical Village
Members of #UVA28 and transfer students assembled on the Lawn for Opening Convocation this evening. They heard from @presjimryan and student leaders before signing the Honor Code, promising not to lie, cheat or steal while at UVA. pic.twitter.com/Z0QhGFNyA8
— UVA (@UVA) August 26, 2024
University of Virginia | Albemarle County
Critical Operations Power Systems
The original University of Michigan codes and standards enterprise advocated actively in Article 708 Critical Operations Power Systems (COPS) of the National Electrical Code (NEC) because of the elevated likelihood that the education facility industry managed assets that were likely candidates for designation critical operations areas by emergency management authorities.
Because the NEC is incorporated by reference into most state and local electrical safety laws, it saw the possibility that some colleges and universities — particularly large research universities with independent power plants, telecommunications systems and large hospitals — would be on the receiving end of an unfunded mandate. Many education facilities are identified by the Federal Emergency Management Association as community storm shelters, for example.
As managers of publicly owned assets, University of Michigan Plant Operations had no objection to rising to the challenge of using publicly owned education facilities for emergency preparedness and disaster recovery operations; only that meeting the power system reliability requirements to the emergency management command centers would likely cost more than anyone imagined — especially at the University Hospital and the Public Safety Department facilities. Budgets would have to be prepared to make critical operations power systems (COPS) resistant to fire and flood damages; for example.
Collaboration with the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers Industrial Applications Society began shortly after the release of the 2007 NEC. Engineering studies were undertaken, papers were published (see links below) and the inspiration for the IEEE Education & Healthcare Facilities Committee developed to provide a gathering place for power, telecommunication and energy professionals to discover and promulgate leading practice. That committee is now formally a part of IEEE and collaborates with IAS/PES JTCC assigned the task of harmonizing NFPA and IEEE electrical safety and sustainability consensus documents (codes, standards, guidelines and recommended practices.
The transcript of NEC Code Making Panel 13 — the committee that revises COPS Article 708 every three years — is linked below:
NEC CMP-13 First Draft Balloting
NEC CMP-13 Second Draft Balloting
The 2023 Edition of the National Electrical Code does not contain revisions that affect #TotalCostofOwnership — only refinement of wiring installation practices when COPS are built integral to an existing building that will likely raise cost. There are several dissenting comments to this effect and they all dissent because of cost. Familiar battles over overcurrent coordination persist.
Our papers and proposals regarding Article 708 track a concern for power system reliability — and the lack of power — as an inherent safety hazard. These proposals are routinely rejected by incumbent stakeholders on NEC technical panels who do not agree that lack of power is a safety hazard. Even if lack of power is not a safety hazard, reliability requirements do not belong in an electrical wiring installation code developed largely by electricians and fire safety inspectors. The IEEE Education & Healthcare Facilities Committee (IEEE E&H) maintains a database on campus power outages; similar to the database used by the IEEE 1366 committees that develop reliability indices to enlighten public utility reliability regulations.
Public input on the 2026 revision to the NEC will be received until September 7th. We have reserved a workspace for our priorities in the link below:
Colleagues: Robert Arno, Neal Dowling, Jim Harvey
LEARN MORE:
Consuting-Specifying Engineer | Risk Assessments for Critical Operations Power Systems
Electrical Construction & Maintenance | Critical Operations Power Systems
Facilities Manager | Critical Operations Power Systems: The Generator in Your Backyard
Scrumpy
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International Mechanical Code
“Plaza Italia” 1971 | Giorgio de Chirico
After architectural trades, the mechanical technologies occupy the largest part of building construction:
- HVAC:
- Heating Systems: Technologies include furnaces, boilers, heat pumps, and radiant heating systems.
- Ventilation Systems: Incorporating technologies like air handlers, fans, and ductwork to ensure proper air circulation.
- Air Conditioning Systems: Including central air conditioning units, split systems, and variable refrigerant flow (VRF) systems.
- Plumbing:
- Water Supply Systems: Involving technologies for water distribution, pumps, and pressure regulation.
- Sanitary Systems: Including drainage, sewage systems, and waste disposal technologies.
- Fixtures and Faucets: Incorporating technologies for sinks, toilets, showers, and other plumbing fixtures.
- Fire Protection:
- Fire Sprinkler Systems: Employing technologies like sprinkler heads, pipes, pumps, and water tanks.
- Fire Suppression Systems: Including technologies such as gas-based or foam-based suppression systems.
- Energy Efficiency Technologies:
- Energy Management Systems (EMS): Utilizing sensors, controllers, and software to optimize energy consumption in HVAC systems.
- Energy Recovery Systems: Incorporating technologies like heat exchangers to recover and reuse energy from exhaust air.
- Building Automation (BAS):
- Control Systems: Using sensors, actuators, and controllers to manage and automate various mechanical systems for optimal performance and energy efficiency.
- Smart Building Technologies: Integrating with other building systems for centralized control and monitoring.
- Materials and Construction Techniques:
- Piping Materials: Selecting appropriate materials for pipes and fittings based on the application.
- Prefab and Modular Construction: Leveraging off-site fabrication and assembly for mechanical components.
Our examination of the movement in best practice in the mechanical disciplines usually requires an understanding of first principles that appear in the International Building Code
2024 International Mechanical Code
Current Code Development Cycles (2024-2026)
2024/2025/2026 Code Development Schedule
| “On the Mechanical Equivalent of Heat” | 1850 James Prescott Joule | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London |
Representative Design Guidelines:
US Department of Energy: Sandia National Laboratories
Related:
ICC Releases 2024 International Codes
We are waiting for the link to the Complete Monograph for the Group A cycle in which one of our proposals (Chapter 27 Electrical) will be heard at the April 2023 Committee Action Hearings in Orlando.
Superceded:
Because of the larger, disruptive concepts usually require more than one revision cycle — i.e. 3 to 9 years — it is wise to track those ideas in the transcripts of public hearings on the revisions. For example, the ICC Group A Committee Action Hearings were completed (virtually) in May 2021. The complete monograph of proposals is linked below:
2021 Group A Complete Proposed Changes
Transcript of committee response is linked below:
2021 REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ACTION HEARINGS ON THE 2021 EDITIONS OF THE GROUP A INTERNATIONAL CODES
A sample of the topics that need attention that involve the mechanical disciplines (e.g. energy, environmental air, water) :
- Soil gas and carbon monoxide detection and mitigation
- Minimum number of required plumbing fixtures in schools and higher education community facilities
- Fixtures for adult changing stations and gender neutral toilet and bathing facilities
- Fat, oil and grease interceptors in kitchens
- Dormitories, residence halls
There are others ideas that can be tracked in the most recent Group B Hearings included April 6th:
Proposals for the 2024 IMC revision will be accepted until January 7, 2024. We maintain this title among our core titles during our periodic Mechanical teleconferences. See our CALENDAR for the next online meeting; open to everyone.
2024/2025/2026 ICC CODE DEVELOPMENT SCHEDULE
Issue: [Various]
Colleagues: Mike Anthony, Richard Robben, Larry Spielvogel
Group A includes the following codes:
- International Building Code (IBC) – Egress, Fire Safety, General Portions
- International Fire Code (IFC)
- International Fuel Gas Code (IFGC)
- International Mechanical Code (IMC)
- International Plumbing Code (IPC)
- International Private Sewage Disposal Code (IPSDC)
- International Residential Code (IRC) – Mechanical, Plumbing
- International Swimming Pool and Spa Code (ISPSC)
- International Zoning Code (IZC)
- International Property Maintenance Code (IPMC)
- International Wildland-Urban Interface Code (IWUIC)
ICC Code Development Process: Important Links
New update alert! The 2022 update to the Trademark Assignment Dataset is now available online. Find 1.29 million trademark assignments, involving 2.28 million unique trademark properties issued by the USPTO between March 1952 and January 2023: https://t.co/njrDAbSpwB pic.twitter.com/GkAXrHoQ9T
— USPTO (@uspto) July 13, 2023
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