Tyme

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Tyme

November 1, 2023
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“Tyme” was used in Middle English and earlier forms of the language, and it was commonly found in historical texts, poetry, and manuscripts of that time. It was used to refer to the passage of time, an era, or a specific moment in history.

“Steam alarm clock with a polyphonic whistle” 2004 Jacek Yerka

Today at 16:00 UTC we refresh our understanding of the technical standards for the timing-systems that maintain the temporal framework for daily life in education communities.  The campus clock continues as a monument of beauty and structure even though digitization of everything has rendered the central community clock redundant.

Most leading practice discovery (and innovation) is happening with the Network Time Protocols (NTP) that synchronize the time stamps of widely separated data centers.  In operation since before 1985, NTP is one of the oldest Internet protocols in current use and underlies the Internet of Things build out.  NTP is particularly important in maintaining accurate time stamps for safety system coordination and for time stamps on email log messages.

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More

National Institute of Standards and Technology: What is Time?

Sapienza University of Rome: Clock Synchronization

IEEE Standard 1588: Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control Systems

National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code

Athletics

Fully automatic time (Sport)

Permanent RFID Timing System in a Track and Field Athletic Stadium for Training and Analysing Purposes

USA Swimming: Time Standards

Kitchenettes

October 31, 2023
mike@standardsmichigan.com
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Purdue University | Tippecanoe County Indiana

Small Cafe Kitchen Layout Strategy

Ensuring safety and sustainability in small kitchenettes is crucial for the well-being of individuals and the environment. While specific standards may vary by location and regulations, here is a general list of safety and sustainability standards that are commonly applicable to small kitchenettes:

  1. Fire Safety:
    • Adequate fire suppression systems (fire extinguishers, sprinkler systems).
    • Fire-resistant materials in construction.
    • Proper ventilation to prevent the accumulation of smoke and fumes.
  2. Electrical Safety:
    • Compliance with electrical codes and standards.
    • Ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) for electrical outlets.
    • Regular inspection and maintenance of electrical appliances.
  3. Gas Safety:
    • Installation and maintenance of gas appliances according to safety standards.
    • Gas leak detection and emergency shut-off systems.
  4. Appliance Safety:
    • Certification from relevant safety agencies for kitchen appliances.
    • Proper installation and maintenance of appliances.
    • Adequate spacing between appliances to prevent overheating.
  5. Ventilation and Air Quality:
    • Effective ventilation systems to remove cooking odors, smoke, and pollutants.
    • Use of energy-efficient ventilation systems to promote sustainability.
  6. Water Conservation:
    • Low-flow faucets and water-efficient appliances.
    • Regular maintenance to fix leaks promptly.
    • Water-saving practices communicated to users.
  7. Waste Management:
    • Separate bins for recycling and composting.
    • Proper disposal of hazardous materials, such as cooking oils.
    • Education on waste reduction and recycling practices.
  8. Energy Efficiency:
    • Energy-efficient lighting and appliances.
    • Use of natural light when possible.
    • Regular maintenance of equipment to ensure optimal efficiency.
  9. Accessibility:
    • Design considerations for individuals with disabilities.
    • Clear pathways and accessible storage options.
  10. Hygiene and Sanitation:
    • Adequate handwashing facilities.
    • Regular cleaning and sanitation schedules.
    • Pest control measures.

Specific requirements may vary based on the size of the kitchenette, its location, and the intended use. There are state, municipal and organizational variants on the nationally developed standards.

Electric Service Metering

October 31, 2023
mike@standardsmichigan.com

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Today at 15:00 UTC we review best practice for engineering and installing the point of common coupling between an electrical service provider its and an purchasing customer among the small group of experts who invented safe electric services in the first place — the 2023 Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Applications Society in Nashville, Tennessee.

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The relevant passages of the National Electrical Code are found in Article 230 and Article 495.  We calibrate our attention with the documents linked below.  These are only representative guidelines:

University of Michigan Medium Voltage Electrical Distribution

Texas A&M University Medium Voltage Power Systems

University of Florida Medium Voltage Electrical Distribution

Representative standards for regulated utilities for purchased power:

Detroit Edison Primary Service Standards (Green Book)

American Electric Power: Requirements for Electrical Services

Pacific Gas & Electric Primary Service Requirements

The IEEE Education & Healthcare Facilities Committee curates a library of documents similar to those linked above.

Design of Electrical Services for Buildings

We are in the process of preparing new (original, and sometimes recycled) proposals for the 2026 National Electrical Code, with the work of Code Panel 10 of particular relevance to today’s topic:

2026 National Electrical Code Workspace

First Draft Meetings: January 15-26, 2024 in Charleston, South Carolina

Almonds

October 31, 2023
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Banketstaaf

October 31, 2023
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History of the Kitchen

October 31, 2023
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Facilities Services

Kitchen Exhaust

• In ancient times, kitchens were often located outside the main living quarters of a home. They were typically small, with an open hearth for cooking and a few basic utensils.

• During the Middle Ages, kitchens began to be built inside castles and manor houses. These kitchens were much larger and more complex than earlier versions, with multiple hearths, ovens, and cooking utensils.

• During the Renaissance, kitchens continued to become more elaborate, with the development of specialized cooking tools and the introduction of new cooking techniques. The kitchen also became a central gathering place for the household.

• With the onset of the Industrial Revolution, kitchens began to incorporate new technologies, such as gas stoves and refrigeration. As more people moved into cities, smaller kitchens became the norm.

• In the 20th century, the design and functionality of kitchens continued to evolve. The introduction of electricity and new materials, such as stainless steel, allowed for more efficient and hygienic kitchens. Open-plan kitchens, where the kitchen is integrated with the living and dining areas, also became popular.

College students create the ultimate hangover cure

October 31, 2023
mike@standardsmichigan.com
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Two Yale University seniors have created a product they believe will cure what ails their peers — and many others: hangovers.

Margaret Morse and Liam McClintock wanted a supplement that would allow them to have fun on a night out, but would not impede on being able to work the next morning.

What causes hangovers to begin with? Morse, a molecular cellular and developmental biology major, told local news outlet WTNH, “There’s an acetaldehyde build up. There is a vitamin and electrolyte loss. There is a glutamine rebound and there are immunological disturbances.”

Their proposed solution is SunUp, a powdered citrus-flavored supplement filled with vitamins and nutrients.

“This is a powder that you take before you start drinking and it helps your liver deal with the stress you’re putting it under when you drink,” McClintock told WTNH. According to the New Haven Register, one would drink SunUp in a glass of water around an hour before they start drinking.  While one might believe dehydration is the cause of hangovers, SunUp’s website explains that it is actually a symptom. “These two phenomena are concurrent because of the diuretic effects of alcohol, but dehydration does not cause the actual hangover feeling,” says the site’s FAQ.  SunUp instead focuses on combating four root causes of a hangover: acetaldehyde building, vitamin and electrolyte loss, glutamine rebound and immunological disturbances.

“It’s intended for productive workers,” McClintock told WTNH. “Like ourselves who like to have a social life, like to go out and have a couple of drinks but also need to be productive the next day and get up and have work to do.”

Morse and McClintock have received positive feedback from fellow students and the Yale community. They’ve brought it to a pharmaceutical company, and it could be available in April. SunUp will retail for $5; if you want to pre-order, you can purchase through the company’s Indiegogo page.

Yale University Office of Facilities

2022 Guide for Animal Deterrents for Electric Power Supply Substations

October 31, 2023
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1264-2022 – IEEE Guide for Animal Mitigation for Electric Power Supply Substations

IEEE Power Engineering Society

Abstract: Documented in this guide are methods and designs to mitigate interruptions, equipment damage, and personnel safety issues resulting from animal intrusions into electric power supply substations, thereby improving reliability and safety, and minimizing the associated revenue loss.
Scope: This guide documents methods and designs to mitigate interruptions, equipment damage, and personnel safety issues resulting from animal intrusions into electric power supply substations, thereby improving reliability and safety, and minimizing the associated revenue loss.
Purpose: Intrusion by animals into electric power supply substations has been a problem experienced by most of the electric utility industry. The costs associated with outages caused by animals continue to escalate. Although animal problems differ in nature geographically, the damage to equipment, interruption of or loss of service to customers, and safety problems encountered by operating personnel result in similar general concerns. This guide identifies various animals, the problems they cause, and mitigation methods. Further, it recommends criteria for applying mitigation methods, documents survey-reported effectiveness of various methods, and recommends factors for evaluating effectiveness of methods once they are applied.

CLICK HERE to order the guide

Related:

IEEE Standards Association

PES General Meeting 16-20 July | Orlando

Anatomical Donation

October 30, 2023
mike@standardsmichigan.com
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Anatomical donation programs are supported by relatively stable best practice literature that are highly cross-referencing.  The organ donation industry grows at a surprising clip and, as such, has its share of sketchy actors.

Our discussion today — at 15:00 UTC– is limited to the safety and sustainability of the support facilities for human cadavers only; with attention to the most recent construction projects.

Images:

Transworld Educare Pune

High Point University

Columbia University

Representative Literature:

University of Michigan

Augusta University

Duke University

Idaho State University

Indiana University

Ohio State University

University of Cambridge

University of Minnesota

University of New England

Vanderbilt University

Relevant Codes & Standards:

ASHRAE International

American Society of Mechanical Engineers

ASTM International

Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute

International Code Council

International Building Code

International Mechanical Code

International Plumbing Code

Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers

National Fire Protection Association

More:

Michigan Public Health Code

County Medical Examiners

American Association for Anatomy

American Association of Tissue Banks

IEEE: Virtual Reality Application in Anatomy Education: A Bibliometric Analysis and Future Direction

Anatomy Meets Architecture: Designing New Laboratories for New Anatomists

National Donor Day: February 14

Join us today at 15:00 UTC.  Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.

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