Open Review University Microfilms | Ann Arbor Michigan
Stanford University: Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute
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“…I found myself in the midst of a civilization that had advanced beyond all the great dreams of my forebears. I had thought my home would be a simple place for pastoral people, people who made their living from agriculture. But it was already a complex place, an iron and steel and railway and grain-exchange city, the gates to the prairie…”
— Saul Bellow, (Nobel Laureate 1976)
The College by the Cup: Grounds of Being
University of Chicago Financial Position 2024: $11.589B | University of Chicago Facilities Services
Brought to You by Howard: Alice H. Parker’s historic patent of the gas heater warms the world
Different Trends in Worldwide Natural Gas Distribution Market Outlook: Ken Research
Historically, “Town Gas” referred to a manufactured gaseous fuel, primarily produced from coal, that was supplied to homes and businesses in towns and cities for heating and lighting purposes. We use it as a general term for a manufactured gas distributed through educational settlements because of its cleaner and safer properties. Among them:
Heating and Cooling – Most settlements use natural gas to power boilers and furnaces for heating buildings during cold months. It also fuels absorption chillers for air conditioning in warmer seasons.
Electricity Generation – Settlements with cogeneration (combined heat and power) plants use natural gas to produce electricity while capturing waste heat for heating, improving energy efficiency.
Cooking Facilities – Dining halls rely on natural gas for precise and reliable cooking, making meal preparation efficient.
Laboratories and Research – Science and engineering labs use natural gas for Bunsen burners, sterilization, and other experimental applications requiring controlled flames.
Hot Water Supply – Dormitories, gyms, and other campus facilities use natural gas water heaters to provide a continuous supply of hot water for showers, washing, and sanitation.
Transportation – Some universities operate shuttle buses and service vehicles on compressed natural gas (CNG), reducing emissions and fuel costs.
Emergency Backup Power – Natural gas generators provide backup power during outages, ensuring critical systems, like research labs and data centers, remain operational.
Glorious gas lamps of London
Their warm glow adds beauty to these winter evenings pic.twitter.com/UgHK8yh2YN
— Conor Lynch (@c_k_lynch) February 18, 2025
Safety and Sustainability Bibliography:
ISO 13686 – Specifies the quality of natural gas for use in various applications.
ISO 14001 – Provides environmental management standards for reducing the environmental impact of natural gas operations.
ISO 50001 – Energy management system standard for improving energy efficiency, including natural gas usage.
IEC 60079 – Covers explosive atmospheres, ensuring safety in handling natural gas in industrial settings.
OHSAS 18001 (now ISO 45001) – Occupational health and safety standards for workplaces dealing with natural gas.
IPCC Guidelines – International standards for measuring and reporting greenhouse gas emissions from natural gas operations.
49 CFR Part 192 – Federal Pipeline Safety Regulations, governing natural gas pipeline transportation.
EPA Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP) – Requires natural gas facilities to report emissions data.
ANSI/GPTC Z380.1, Guide for Gas Transmission, Distribution, and Gathering Piping Systems
NFPA 54 (National Fuel Gas Code) – Covers safe installation and use of natural gas in buildings.
NFPA 58 – Safety regulations for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), including storage and handling.
ASME B31.8 – Pipeline safety code for natural gas transmission and distribution.
Clean Air Act (CAA) – Regulates air emissions from natural gas production and consumption.
California Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) – Encourages sustainable fuel alternatives, including renewable natural gas (RNG).
State of Michigan Technical Standards for Gas Service
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission: Natural Gas Policies
University of Michigan Design Guidelines
Related:
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• In ancient times, kitchens were often located outside the main living quarters of a home. They were typically small, with an open hearth for cooking and a few basic utensils.
• During the Middle Ages, kitchens began to be built inside castles and manor houses. These kitchens were much larger and more complex than earlier versions, with multiple hearths, ovens, and cooking utensils.
• During the Renaissance, kitchens continued to become more elaborate, with the development of specialized cooking tools and the introduction of new cooking techniques. The kitchen also became a central gathering place for the household.
• With the onset of the Industrial Revolution, kitchens began to incorporate new technologies, such as gas stoves and refrigeration. As more people moved into cities, smaller kitchens became the norm.
• In the 20th century, the design and functionality of kitchens continued to evolve. The introduction of electricity and new materials, such as stainless steel, allowed for more efficient and hygienic kitchens. Open-plan kitchens, where the kitchen is integrated with the living and dining areas, also became popular.
Kitchen cooking ranks high as the causes of fire hazard in the built environment. ASHRAE 154 provides design criteria for the performance of commercial cooking ventilation systems. Education communities have hundreds of food preparation enterprises in school districts, residence halls, hospitals and athletic venues. It is not intended to circumvent any safety, health or environmental requirement; however we find a fair amount of drama regarding the competing requirements of fire safety and sustainability among subject matter experts. The stabilized version is dated 2022.
“Dutch Kitchen” / Artist Unknown
A noteworthy title in the ASHRAE standards catalog is ASHRAE 154 Ventilation for Commercial Cooking Operations. Food preparation enterprises in school districts, residence halls, hospitals and athletic venues and central features in education communities. Access to the 2022 edition is linked below:
The purpose of ASHRAE 154 is to provide design criteria for the performance of commercial cooking ventilation systems. It covers kitchen hoods, exhaust systems and replacement air systems, It is not intended to circumvent any safety, health or environmental requirement; however we find a fair amount of drama between partisans of air movement controls and energy conservation interests. Fire safety and the sustainability advocates are well funded voices.
There are no open consultations at the moment; but you may track release of any at the link below:
Public Review Draft Standards / Online Comment Database
Titles in the ASHRAE catalog move swiftly; many of them consultations lasting less than 45 days.
Interior environmental air safety is a concern that cuts across many professional disciplines. Accordingly, we maintain this title on the standing agendas of several colloquia — Mechanical Engineering, Energy and Housing. Starting 2022 we will break out this the subject of a separate, dedicated colloquium See our CALENDAR for the next online meeting; open to everyone.
Issue: [14-92]
Category: Mechanical, Electrical, Energy, Facility Asset Management
Colleagues: David Conrad, Richard Robben, Larry Spielvogel
Kitchen cooking ranks high as the causes of fire hazard in the built environment. ASHRAE 154 provides design criteria for the performance of commercial cooking ventilation systems. Education communities have hundreds of food preparation enterprises in school districts, residence halls, hospitals and athletic venues. It is not intended to circumvent any safety, health or environmental requirement; however we find a fair amount of drama regarding the competing requirements of fire safety and sustainability among subject matter experts. The stabilized version is dated 2022.
The command issued by the character Captain Jean-Luc Picard in the television series “Star Trek: The Next Generation” finds its way into the archive of photographs of Nobel Laureates consorting with politicians at the University of Michigan and elsewhere.
Attendees of the Theoretical Physics Colloquium at the University of Michigan in 1929.
American Institute of Physics Archive
…”There’s not good math explaining forget the physics of it. Math explaining the behavior of complex systems yeah and that to me is both exciting and paralyzing like we’re at very early days of understanding you know how complicated and fascinating things emerge from simple rules…” — Peter Woit [1:16:00]
Since 1936 the Brown Jug has been the ancestral trough of generations of University of Michigan students and faculty — notably. Donald Glaser (inventor of the bubble chamber) and Samuel C. C. Ting (Nobel Laureate) whose offices at Randall Laboratory were a 2-minute walk around the corner from The Brown Jug. As the lore goes, the inspiration happened whilst watching beer bubbles one ordinary TGIF Friday.
The Brown Jug is named after the Michigan vs Minnesota football trophy, which is the oldest in college football.
New update alert! The 2022 update to the Trademark Assignment Dataset is now available online. Find 1.29 million trademark assignments, involving 2.28 million unique trademark properties issued by the USPTO between March 1952 and January 2023: https://t.co/njrDAbSpwB pic.twitter.com/GkAXrHoQ9T
— USPTO (@uspto) July 13, 2023
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