2024 / 2025 / 2026 Code Development: Group B (2025)
Complete Monograph (2630 pages)
Notre-Dame de Paris “Our Lady of Paris” Wikimedia Commons
International Existing Building Code: Chapter 12 Historic Buildings
2024/2025/2026 ICC CODE DEVELOPMENT SCHEDULE
Notre-Dame de Paris “Our Lady of Paris” Wikimedia Commons
2024/2025/2026 ICC CODE DEVELOPMENT SCHEDULE
The Flying Tigers, officially the First American Volunteer Group (AVG), were American pilots led by Claire Lee Chennault, formed in 1941 to aid China against Japanese forces during the Second Sino-Japanese War. Equipped with Curtiss P-40 Warhawks, they were tasked with defending Chinese skies and supply lines. However, the Flying Tigers did not directly stop the Rape of Nanking, which occurred from December 1937 to January 1938, as they were not yet formed.
By the time they saw combat on December 20, 1941, after Pearl Harbor, Nanjing had already fallen. Their role was significant later, defending key areas like Kunming and the Burma Road, disrupting Japanese air operations, and boosting Chinese morale. With only 62 combat-ready pilots, they destroyed 296 Japanese aircraft, but their impact came post-Nanjing, aiding China’s broader resistance against Japanese aggression.
The United States Rescues China from Japanese Genocide
Rape of Nanking: Massacre of the Sino-Japanese War
Although electrical power delivered with both active and reactive components our interest lies primarily in the useable power component — watts (power) and watt-hour(energy). A secondary concern is whether or not energy useage meters are over-specified; particularly on points in building power chains downstream from the utility service meters.
Electrical meters, used for measuring electricity consumption, must comply with various codes and standards to ensure accuracy, safety, and reliability. Today at the usual hour – from the user point of view – we will review the status of key codes and standards relevant to electrical meter manufacturing, primarily focusing on North American standards. Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.
ANSI C12.1 – Code for Electricity Metering
ANSI C12.10 – Physical Aspects of Watt-hour Meters
ANSI C12.20 – Electricity Meters – 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5 Accuracy Classes
ANSI C12.31 – Standard Definitions of AC Electrical Power
UL 2735 – Standard for Electric Utility Meters
NFPA 70 – National Electrical Code (NEC)
Related:
Comparative Feedback on Consumers’ Energy-Saving Behavior: A College Dormitory Example
“Le Parc Moncea” 1848 Gustave Caillebotte
The education industry in the United States is steward to large tranches of land assets; either through the Morrill Land Grant Act or municipal set-asides for public schools. In terms of square footage, the spaces between buildings far exceeds the square footage of the built environment — and the locus of public interest and environmental regulation. All of that square footage — usually measured in hundreds and thousands of hectares and acres — requires consideration of the competing interests of many stakeholders.
We display the accomplishments of employees devoted to the landscaping and gardening of educational organizations in a dedicated post:
Landscape and garden assets have their own set of construction and maintenance tools, many of which are continually improved by global equipment manufacturers, and fall within the scope of Subcommittee 13 under parent Technical Committee 23 Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry administered by the Association Française de Normalisation; the French national member body to the International Organization for Standardization.
CLICK ON IMAGE
The Outdoor Power Equipment Institute (OPEI) is ANSI’s US Technical Advisory Group administrator and the Global Secretariat for ISO TC/23/SC 13. The work program for Subcommittee 13 is linked below:
ISO/TC 23/SC 13 / Powered lawn and garden equipment
Note product standards cover many equipment classes and accessories for engine powered lawn movers, snow blowers, gardening machinery and the like.
ANSI encourages relevant stakeholders to participate in discovering standardization solutions in a broad range of technologies and markets with like-minded experts in other national standards bodies. The full sweep of ANSI’s participation in consensus documents developed by the ISO is described in the link below:
We encourage our colleagues in exterior grounds and landscaping units in the education facility industry to participate directly as a User interest in the OPEI standards development process. OPEI Standards Staff Contacts are listed on the OPEI Standards home page linked below:
Product Safety Standards Listing
We review the developmental status of consensus products that set the standard of care for equipment used to maintain pathways, lawns and gardens in education communities. Automation of the maintenance of these spaces is gathering pace; reducing cost and risk. See our CALENDAR for the next online meeting; open to everyone.
Issue: [18-155]
Category: Facility Asset Management, Grounds and Landscaping, International
Colleagues: Mike Anthony, Christine Fischer, Jack Janveja, Richard Robben
Today at 16:00 UTC we review best practice for engineering and installing the point of common coupling between an electrical service provider its and an purchasing — under the purview of NEC CMP-10.
Committee topical purviews change cycle-to-cycle. Here’s the transcript for today’s session: CMP-10 Second Draft Report (368 pages)
Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.
The relevant passages of the National Electrical Code are found in Article 230 and Article 495. We calibrate our attention with the documents linked below. These are only representative guidelines:
University of Michigan Medium Voltage Electrical Distribution
Texas A&M University Medium Voltage Power Systems
University of Florida Medium Voltage Electrical Distribution
Representative standards for regulated utilities for purchased power:
Detroit Edison Primary Service Standards (Green Book)
American Electric Power: Requirements for Electrical Services
Pacific Gas & Electric Primary Service Requirements
The IEEE Education & Healthcare Facilities Committee curates a library of documents similar to those linked above.
Design of Electrical Services for Buildings
We are in the process of preparing new (original, and sometimes recycled) proposals for the 2026 National Electrical Code, with the work of Code Panel 10 of particular relevance to today’s topic:
First Draft Meetings: January 15-26, 2024 in Charleston, South Carolina
Electrical meter billing standards are generally regulated at the state or local level, with guidelines provided by public utility commissions or similar regulatory bodies. These tariff sheets are among the oldest in the world. There are some common standards for billing and metering practices, including:
Michigan Public Service Commission | Consumer’s Energy Customer Billing Rules
Section 8 Key points:
Metering for New Buildings: New buildings larger than 25,000 square feet must be equipped with metering to measure the electrical energy usage of the entire building.
Tenant Spaces: In buildings with tenant spaces, individual tenant spaces larger than 10,000 square feet must also be separately metered.
Subsystem Metering: Buildings with electrical loads exceeding specified thresholds must have additional metering to measure energy use for various subsystems, including:
HVAC systems
Lighting systems
Plug loads
Process loads
These metering requirements are intended to help building owners and operators monitor energy consumption, identify opportunities for energy savings, and comply with building energy codes and standards.
Despite best intentions a fair question to ask: What does over metering look like? (University of Alberta Research)
University of Michigan
The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) is an ANSI-accredited continuous-maintenance standards developer (a major contributor to what we call a regulatory product development “stream”). Continuous maintenance means that changes to titles in its catalog can change in as little as 30-45 days. This is meaningful to jurisdictions that require conformance to the “latest” version of ASHRAE 90.1
Among the leading titles in its catalog is ASHRAE 90.1 Energy Standard for Sites and Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings. Standard 90.1 has been a benchmark for commercial building energy codes in the United States and a key basis for codes and standards around the world for more than 35 years. Free access to ASHRAE 90.1 version is available at the link below:
READ ONLY Version of 2022 ASHRAE 90.1
If you cannot access it with the link above, try the link below and select 90.1 from the title list:
Current Popular ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines
Chapter 9: Lighting, begins on Page 148, and therein lie the tables that are the most widely used metrics (lighting power densities) by electrical and illumination engineers for specifying luminaires and getting them wired and controlled “per code”. Many jurisdictions provide access to this Chapter without charge. Respecting ASHRAE’s copyright, we will not do so here but will use them during today’s Illumination Colloquium, 16:00 UTC.
Keep in mind that recently ASHRAE expanded the scope of 90.1 to include energy usage in the spaces between buildings:
25 January 2023: Newly Released ASHRAE 90.1-2022 Includes Expanded Scope For Building Sites
At this time, there are no redlines open for public comment
Online Standards Actions & Public Review Drafts
Education industry facility managers, energy conservation workgroups, sustainability officers, electric shop foreman, electricians and front-line maintenance professionals who change lighting fixtures, maintain environmental air systems are encouraged to participate directly in the ASHRAE consensus standard development process.
Univerzita Karlova
We also maintain ASHRAE best practice titles as standing items on our Mechanical, Water, Energy and Illumination colloquia. See our CALENDAR for the next online meeting; open to everyone.
Issue: [Various]
Category: Mechanical, Electrical, Energy Conservation, Facility Asset Management, US Department of Energy, #SmartCampus
Colleagues: Mike Anthony, Larry Spielvogel, Richard Robben
Under Construction: ASHRAE WORKSPACE
More:
US Department of Energy Codes Program: Power and Lighting
“Little Children on a Bicycle” mural on Armenian Street, George Town, Penang by Lithuanian artist Ernest Zacharevic as part of the George Town Festival 2012
The school bus system is the largest mass transportation system in the United States*
and has eluded the “gales of creative destruction”** found in other industries.
In April the US Department of Transportation (DOT) created the Non-Traditional and Emerging Transportation Technology (NETT) Council to identify and resolve jurisdictional and regulatory gaps associated with non-traditional and emerging transportation projects pending before DOT, including with respect to safety oversight, environmental review, and funding issues. The Office of the Secretary of Transportation invites comments on projects, issues, or topics that DOT should consider through the NETT Council, including regulatory models and other alternative approaches for non-traditional and emerging transportation technologies.
The Federal Register Notice is linked below:
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION / Office of the Secretary / Docket No. DOT–OST–2019–0165
Comments directly to the DOT are due January 10, 2020.
Apart from inter- and intra- campus travel issues, there are three reasons for Standards Michigan interest in the DOT inquiry:
For the education facility industry, Standards Michigan prefers privately developed consensus products; preferably by accredited or open-source standard developers with robust outreach toward the user-interest. The American National Standards Institute — the not-for-profit organization that supports the voluntary standards and conformity assessment system — is planning to develop a response to the Request for Information, and strongly encourages its members and constituents to either respond directly to the RFI or to contribute to the ANSI’s response.
Contributions to ANSI’s response are due December 20th.
We place this commenting opportunity on the agenda of our monthly Transportation & Parking teleconference. See our CALENDAR for the next online meeting; open to everyone.
Campuses are “cities-within-cities” and perfect study units for cities of the future
Issue: [19-152]
Category: Transportation & Parking
Colleagues: Mike Anthony, Paul Green. Richard Robben
* America’s Largest Transit System
** Joseph Schumpeter: Schöpferische Zerstörung
LEARN MORE:
Bureau of Transportation Statistics
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Extension Service Report on Catfish
Mississippi State University Facilities Management
A few Catfish from this year since I’ve been bad about posting! pic.twitter.com/hYFKgWDh3E
— Hannah Barron (@HannahBarron96_) July 13, 2025
New update alert! The 2022 update to the Trademark Assignment Dataset is now available online. Find 1.29 million trademark assignments, involving 2.28 million unique trademark properties issued by the USPTO between March 1952 and January 2023: https://t.co/njrDAbSpwB pic.twitter.com/GkAXrHoQ9T
— USPTO (@uspto) July 13, 2023
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