Duncan Stroik Architect

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Duncan Stroik Architect

March 1, 2024
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“The ideal architect should be a man of letters, a skillful draftsman, a mathematician,

familiar with historical studies, a diligent student of philosophy,  acquainted with music,

not ignorant of medicine, learned in the responses of jurisconsults,

familiar with astronomy and astronomical calculations.”

— Vitruvius

Duncan G. Stroik is a practicing architect, author, and Professor of Architecture at the University of Notre Dame specializing in religious and classical architecture.  Gathered here are images from Christ Chapel, Hillsdale College Michigan.  His award-winning work includes the Our Lady of the Most Holy Trinity Chapel in Santa Paula, California, the Shrine of Our Lady of Guadalupe in LaCrosse, Wisconsin, and the Cathedral of Saint Joseph in Sioux Falls, South Dakota.

A frequent lecturer on sacred architecture and the classical tradition, Stroik authored The Church Building as a Sacred Place: Beauty, Transcendence and the Eternal and is the founding editor of Sacred Architecture Journal. He is a graduate of the University of Virginia and the Yale University School of Architecture. Professor Stroik is the 2016 winner of the Arthur Ross Award for Architecture. In 2019, he was appointed to the U.S. Commission of Fine Arts.

Sacred Spaces

“Ten Books on Architecture” 30-20 B.C | Vitruvius

 

Church Facility Management

The University Campus As A Designed Work and an Artefact of Cultural Heritage

March 1, 2024
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The University Campus in the United States—As a Designed Work to Produce Knowledge; and as an Artefact of Cultural Heritage

Paul Hardin Kapp
School of Architecture, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, United States

 

ABSTRACT: The university campus in the United States is a unique architectural and landscape architecture typology. Nothing like it existed until Harvard University was established in 1638. Invented during in the 17th century by the American colonists and later developed during the American Industrial Revolution, the American campus is a community devoted to teaching and generating knowledge. It can be urban, suburban, and/or rural in form and its planning directly correlates with a university’s research mission and the pedagogy of the American university system. Its buildings and landscapes are embedded with iconography, which the founding builders used to convey their values to future generations.

This paper presents the history of how this designed work first emerged in American society and then evolved in ways that responded to changes that occurred in America. At the end of the 20th century, universities conserved parts of them as cultural heritage monuments. Originally, the university campus was built to disseminate a classical education, but later, the campus was built for technical and agricultural education. By the beginning of the 20th century, professional education and sport changed its architecture and landscape. The paper briely discusses that while it has inspired how universities are built to teach and generate knowledge throughout the world. It concludes by reairming its value to cultural heritage and that it should be conserved.

Illinois

Church Facility Management

March 1, 2024
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“The human soul longs for things higher, warmer, and purer
than those offered by today’s mass living habits.”
— Alexander Solzhenitsyn

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sacred Spaces

Places of Worship

Cultural Resource Properties

Environmental Air in Sacred Spaces

Organization of Christian Churches by Social Networks

History of Western Civilization Told Through the Acoustics of its Worship Spaces

Bosjes Chapel Structural Analysis

Campus Landscape Vision and Site Standards

March 1, 2024
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Readings / Frederick Law Olmsted

Campus Micromobility 300

March 1, 2024
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Artist: Syd Mead | Photo Credit: United States Steel

We find town-gown political functionaries working to accommodate students traveling on micro-scooters.  Several non-profit trade associations compete for “ownership” of some part of the economic activity associated with micromobility.   One of several domain incumbents is SAE International.   Here is how SAE International describes the micromobility transformation:

“…Emerging and innovative personal mobility devices, sometimes referred to as micromobility, are proliferating in cities around the world. These technologies have the potential to expand mobility options for a variety of people. Some of these technologies fall outside traditional definitions, standards, and regulations. This committee will initially focus on low-speed micromobility devices and the technology and systems that support them that are not normally subject to the United States Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards or similar regulations. These may be device-propelled or have propulsion assistance. They are low-speed devices that have a maximum device-propelled speed of 30 mph. They are personal transportation vehicles designed to transport three or fewer people. They are consumer products but may be owned by shared- or rental-fleet operators. This committee is concerned with the eventual utilization and operational characteristics of these devices, and how they may be safely incorporated in the transportation infrastructure. This committee will develop and maintain SAE Standards, Recommended Practices, and Information Reports within this classification of mobility. The first task of the committee will be to develop a taxonomy of low-speed micromobility devices and technologies. Currently, many of these terms are not consistently named, defined, or used in literature and practice. This task will also help refine the scope of the committee and highlight future work….”

Micromobility standards development requires sensitivity to political developments in nearly every dimension we can imagine.

University of Toledo

Specifically, we follow developments in SAE J3194: Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Micromobility Devices.  Getting scope, title, purpose and definitions established is usually the first step in the process of developing a new technical consensus product.   From the project prospectus:

This Recommended Practice provides a taxonomy and definitions for terms related to micromobility devices. The technical report covers low-speed micromobility devices (with a maximum device-propelled speed of 30 mph) and the technology and systems that support them that are not normally subject to the United States Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards or similar regulations. These devices may be device-propelled or have propulsion assistance. Micromobility devices are personal transportation vehicles designed to transport three or fewer people. They are consumer products but may be owned by shared- or rental-fleet operators. This Recommended Practice does not provide specifications or otherwise impose requirements of micromobility devices.

 

SAE standards action appears on the pages linked below:

SAE Standards Development Home Page

SAE Standards Works

 

Apart from the rising level of discussion on vehicle-to-grid technologies (which we track more closely with the IEEE Education & Healthcare Facilities Committee) there is no product at the moment that business units in the education industry can comment upon.   Many relevant SAE titles remain “Works in Progress”.  When a public commenting opportunity on a candidate standard presents itself we will post it here.

We host periodic Mobility colloquia; SAE titles standing items on the agenda.  See our CALENDAR for the next online session; open to everyone.

University of Michigan Ann Arbor

Issue: [19-130]

Category: Electrical, Facility Asset Management, Transportation

Colleagues: Mike Anthony, Paul Green, Jack Janveja, Richard Robben

 

 

LEARN MORE:

SAE International ABOUT

Inspiring a College Campus to Design, Create, and Build Green Small Engine Vehicles 2009-32-0107

All-Electric School Bus for Total Zero Emission

Leap Year

February 29, 2024
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Click Image

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The earth makes “one” trip around the Sun in approximately 365.2425 days.  An additional day every four years helps synchronizes the calendar year with the solar year — assuming a perfect circle.  Alas, the orbit is far from circular — it is elliptical and eccentric — thus confounding assumptions about climate change.

Today we revisit our earlier inquiries, readings and research with some consideration to how computer software deals with a leap year.  Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.

Click Image

Gallery: Other Ways of Knowing Climate Change

Dialectic: Climate Change

Words Matter

Climate Psychosis

Weddings

February 29, 2024
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“Marriage is a duel to the death

which no man should decline”

— G.K. Chesterton

“Wedded” 1882 Lord Frederic Leighton

…”Two are better than one, because they have a good return for their labor.

For if one falls down, his companion can lift him up;

but pity the one who falls without another to help him up!…

– Ecclesiastes 4:9

University of Michigan Botanical Gardens

Vanderbilt University | Davidson County Tennessee

University of Rochester New York

University of Minnesota | Hennepin County

 

Oxford University

University of Chicago | Cook County

 

Vanderbilt University | Davidson County Tennessee

 

Saginaw Valley State University | Saginaw County Michigan

More

“Therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and they shall become one flesh” — Genesis 2:24

Sacred Spaces

Sacred Space Standards

International Building Code §303.3 Assembly Group A-2 

Evensong “How Do You Keep the Music Playing?”

 

Edge Case: Leap Year

February 29, 2024
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Date & Time: Representations For Information Interchange

Programming languages face several challenges when dealing with leap years, primarily because leap years don’t follow a simple pattern and can vary depending on the calendar system being used.  Some of the challenges include:

Algorithm Complexity: Writing algorithms to accurately determine leap years can be complex due to the various rules governing leap years in different calendar systems. For instance, the Gregorian calendar, which is the most widely used calendar system, has different rules than other systems like the Julian calendar.

Handling Calendar Systems: Some programming languages have built-in libraries or functions to handle leap years, but they may not support all calendar systems. Developers need to ensure that the language’s built-in functions or libraries accurately handle leap years according to the desired calendar system.

Cross-Platform Consistency: Different platforms and programming languages may implement leap year calculations differently, leading to inconsistencies when working with date and time data across different systems.

Localization: Some calendar systems used in various regions have different rules for leap years. Programming languages may need to support localization to handle these differences accurately.

Performance: Implementing leap year calculations efficiently can be challenging, especially when dealing with large datasets or frequent date/time manipulations. Optimizing leap year calculations for performance without sacrificing accuracy is important in high-performance applications.

To address these challenges, programmers often rely on built-in date and time libraries provided by programming languages or use third-party libraries specifically designed to handle calendar-related calculations accurately and efficiently. Additionally, thorough testing and validation of date-related logic are essential to ensure correctness, especially in critical applications.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

In Python, leap years can be accounted for using the calendar module or by writing custom logic. The calendar module provides a function called isleap() to check if a given year is a leap year.

Here’s an example of how you can use the calendar module to check if a year is a leap year:

python

import calendar

year = 2024

if calendar.isleap(year):
print(f”{year} is a leap year.”)
else:
print(f”{year} is not a leap year.”)

Alternatively, you can write custom logic to determine if a year is a leap year. The logic for determining leap years is as follows:

    1. If a year is evenly divisible by 4, it is a leap year.
    2. However, if the year is evenly divisible by 100, it is not a leap year, unless:
    3. The year is also evenly divisible by 400, in which case it is a leap year.

Here’s an example of how you can implement this logic in Python without using the calendar module:

python
def is_leap_year(year):
if year % 4 == 0:
if year % 100 == 0:
if year % 400 == 0:
return True
else:
return False
else:
return True
else:
return Falseyear = 2024if is_leap_year(year):
print(f”{year} is a leap year.”)
else:
print(f”{year} is not a leap year.”)
Both approaches will correctly determine whether a given year is a leap year or not.

 

What is time?

February 29, 2024
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When did time zones become a thing?

Readings / Radio Controlled Clocks

Standards February: Discovery & Invention

February 29, 2024
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“Science advances one funeral at a time”
— Max Planck

you shall above all things be glad and young For if you're young,whatever life you wear it will become you;and if you are glad whatever's living will yourself become. - e. e. cummingsPhilosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica | 1686 Sir Issaac Newton

A Mathematical Theory of Communication | 1948 Claude E. Shannon (University of Michigan)

Image: Christopher Newport University

1955 Polio Vaccine: Jonas Salk (University of Michigan)

Reflections / John Nash

The Future of Cosmology | Roger Penrose

A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid | James Watson & Francis Crick

Quantum Information Science


Sir Isaac Newton’s Principia: Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy

“One teacher even failed me in Chemistry” Tomas Lindahl

Discovery of Receptors for Temperature and Touch

Speculative Prices, Inflation & Behavioral Economics


The fundamental concept in social science is Power, in the same sense in which Energy is the fundamental concept in physics. - Bertrand Russell

Time Series Analysis, Cointegration and Applications


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Steam Engine: The invention of the steam engine in the 18th century by pioneers like James Watt revolutionized industry, transportation, and agriculture, powering factories, locomotives, and ships and driving the Industrial Revolution.

The Internal Combustion Engine: The development of the internal combustion engine in the 19th century revolutionized transportation and manufacturing, leading to the proliferation of automobiles, airplanes, and machinery that powered economic growth and globalization.

The Internet: Originating from research projects in the late 20th century, the internet has become a fundamental infrastructure for communication, commerce, education, and entertainment, connecting billions of people worldwide and enabling unprecedented access to information and resources.

Semiconductors and Integrated Circuits: The invention of semiconductors and integrated circuits in the mid-20th century paved the way for the digital revolution, enabling the miniaturization and mass production of electronic devices such as computers, smartphones, and microprocessors.

Agriculture: The transition from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to settled agriculture marked the beginning of civilization and allowed for the development of permanent settlements, leading to population growth, specialization of labor, and the emergence of complex societies.

The Wheel: Invented around 3500 BCE, the wheel revolutionized transportation, enabling the movement of goods and people over long distances and laying the foundation for subsequent advancements in engineering and machinery.

Writing: The development of writing systems, such as cuneiform in Mesopotamia and hieroglyphs in Egypt, facilitated the recording and dissemination of information, contributing to the preservation of knowledge, governance, and cultural expression.

Martingale Representation Theorem

 

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