“When a true genius appears in the world, you may know him by this sign,
that the dunces are all in confederacy against him.”
– Jonathan Swifit, Trinity College graduate
“When a true genius appears in the world, you may know him by this sign,
that the dunces are all in confederacy against him.”
– Jonathan Swifit, Trinity College graduate
— Charles Louis de Secondat, Baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu
Today and its Slip and Fall season everywhere. Accordingly, at the usual hour, we review best practice literature for the safety and sustainability of the surfaces beneath our feet; with special focus on the risk aggregation in educational estates.
Bates v. State Bar of Arizona, 433 U.S. 350 (1977)
Related coverage:
Heat tracing is a process used to maintain or raise the temperature of pipes and vessels in order to prevent freezing, maintain process temperature, or ensure that products remain fluid and flow through the system properly.
Heat tracing works by using an electric heating cable or tape that is wrapped around the pipe or vessel, and then insulated to help retain the heat. The heating cable is connected to a power source and temperature control system that maintains the desired temperature by regulating the amount of heat output from the cable. Heat tracing is commonly used in industrial applications where temperature control is critical, such as in chemical plants, refineries, and oil and gas facilities.
There are several types of heat tracing, including electric heat tracing, steam tracing, and hot water tracing, each of which have their own unique advantages and disadvantages. The selection of the appropriate type of heat tracing depends on the specific application and the required temperature range, as well as factors such as cost, maintenance, and safety considerations.
The literature for snow and ice management (and enjoyment) produced by these standards-setting organizations:
Accredited Snow Contractors Association
American Society of Civil Engineers
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
ASTM International
Destructive Deep Freeze Strikes Cold and Hot Regions Alike
Institute of Electrical & Electronic Engineers
Electrical Heat Tracing: International Harmonization — Now and in the Future
Indiana University.
The most beautiful college campus in the country covered in snow. pic.twitter.com/Tp33cQgKuq
— Alex Paul Photo (@alexpaulphoto) January 11, 2025
International Code Council
International Building Code: Chapter 15 Roof Assemblies and Rooftop Structures
National Electrical Contractors Association
National Fire Protection Association
Winter is Coming: Is Your Facility Protected? (Holly Burgess, November 2022)
National Electrical Code: Articles 426-427
National Floor Safety Institute
Snow and Ice Management Association
Underwriters Laboratories
Manufacturers:
Chromalox Electrical Heat Tracing Systems Design Guide
It is a surprisingly large domain with market-makers in every dimension of safety and sustainability; all of whom are bound by state and federal regulations.
Join us at 16:00 UTC with the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.
Red surely made the most of his snow day! 🛷 ☃️
Who’s team snow on campus? ❄️ pic.twitter.com/F03KX1XyaR
— The Catholic University of America (@CatholicUniv) January 14, 2025
There have been several recent innovations that have made it possible for construction activity to continue through cold winter months. Some of the most notable ones include:
Overall, these innovations have made it possible for construction crews to work through the winter months more comfortably and safely, which has helped to keep projects on schedule and minimize delays.
Somewhat related:
Capturing snow flakes as the fall out of the sky
[📹 Dmitry Dotsenko / dots_foto]pic.twitter.com/e3rwNUGLmK
— Massimo (@Rainmaker1973) January 29, 2025
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“Among famous traitors of history one might mention the weather.”
Ilka Chase, The Varied Airs of Spring
Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures (ASCE/SEI 7-22)
Quick & Dirty Snow Load Calculator
Call for public proposals for the 2028 edition
Roof Snow Load Calculation for Newton High School Nebraska
Brian Rickard@ASCE_SEI
print(“Du Froid”)https://t.co/igfshxpiot pic.twitter.com/Qw5hKy5voE— Standards Michigan (@StandardsMich) December 22, 2022
“Analysis of a Frame under Snow Load” | Dr. Structurehttps://t.co/6cpz1kyW7s
print(“Du Froid”)https://t.co/Ke7qRmIz6X pic.twitter.com/Sh805RZoBz— Standards Michigan (@StandardsMich) January 28, 2022
The mission of the National Floor Safety Institute (NFSI) is to aid in the prevention of slips, trips-and-falls through education, research, and standards development. NFSI provides a wide range of services including independent product testing and certification, educational training, and standards development. Its consensus product library is linked below:
We track several NFSI products for the education facility industry; one of which is linked below:
B101.6 STANDARD GUIDE FOR COMMERCIAL ENTRANCE MATTING IN REDUCING SLIPS, TRIPS AND FALLS.
At the moment the 2012 edition linked above appears to be the current version. User-interests in the education facility industry — custodial mangers and staff, for example –are encouraged to communicate directly with Russell Kendzior at NFSI, P.O. Box 92607, Southlake, TX 76092, (817) 749-1700, russk@nfsi.org.
There are several accredited standards developers in this space and our algorithm tracks them all. We place this product suite on the standing agenda of our monthly Interior Fixture & Hygiene online meeting; open to everyone. Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page to log in.
Issue: [18-193]
Category: Risk Management, Interior Fixtures & Hygiene, Facility Asset Management
Colleagues: John Lawter, Richard Robben
More:
NFSI Board of Directors Terminates Relationship with ANSI, January 31, 2020
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“I am not an Athenian or a Greek,
but a citizen of the world.”
— (Plato quoting Socrates, Phaedo 64a)
ISCED 2011 is an updated version of the previous classification, ISCED 1997, and provides a framework for organizing education programs according to their level of complexity and content. The classification is designed to facilitate the comparison of education systems across countries and regions, and to improve the collection, reporting, and analysis of education statistics.
ISCED 2011 introduces several changes and updates, such as the introduction of a new level of education called “early childhood education,” the expansion of the tertiary education level to include short-cycle tertiary education, and the inclusion of a separate category for vocational education at the secondary level. The classification also includes detailed descriptions of the content and characteristics of each education level, as well as guidelines for classifying educational programs that do not fit neatly into the existing categories.
ISCED 2011 is widely used by national and international organizations, including UNESCO, to collect and report education data, and it provides a common language for discussing education across borders.
Research from the World Economic Forum has shown that improvements in the design and construction process can be achieved by using international standards like ICMS to gain comparable and consistent data. ICMS provides a high-level structure and format for classifying, defining, measuring, recording, analysing and presenting construction and other life-cycle costs.
Ballymaloe Cookery School is situated on a 100-acre organic farm in County Kerry. It produces the freshest vegetables, fruit, meat and dairy products, all of which are used in the kitchen every day. We teach a diverse range of cooking styles but the fundamental message we pass on to our students is the importance of putting time and effort into sourcing the highest-quality ingredients.
Kerry College of Further Education
Replacing oil and natural gas lighting, the first practical electric light bulb was invented by Thomas Edison in 1879. Joseph W. Swan filed a similar Electric Lamp Patent in 1880. One of the first large-scale installations of electric lighting was at the Savoy Theatre in London in 1881, which was followed by the installation of electric lights in the Palace of Westminster in 1882. By the 1890s, electric lighting had become more widespread and affordable.
| Opticks: or, A treatise of the reflections, refractions, inflexions and colours of light | Sir Isaac Newton 1704 |
The widespread transition to LED lighting in buildings began in the early 2010s. While LED technology had been available since the 1960s, it wasn’t until the 2000s that the technology improved to the point where LED lighting was cost-effective and efficient enough to replace traditional lighting technologies like incandescent and fluorescent lighting. In addition to their energy efficiency, LED lights also have a longer lifespan than traditional lighting technologies, which makes them more cost-effective over the long term.
Today we refresh our understanding of the moment in illumination technologies. Illumination technology was the original inspiration for the electric utility industry; providing night-time security and transforming every sector of every economy on earth. Lighting load remains the largest component of any building’s electric load — about 35 percent– making it a large target for energy regulations. We are organizing our approach to this topic during 2023:
Illumination 100. Survey of illumination standards catalogs
Illumination 200. Interior illumination including industrial and laboratory occupancies
USPTO: Thomas Edison’s Patent Application for the Light Bulb (1880)
Amir Adibi: Light Bulb Patent: The Evolution of Illumination Technology
IEEE: Energy Optimization in Consumer Lightings: An IoT-Based Adaptive Control Mode
Illumination 300. Exterior illumination with emphasis on pathways
Illumination 400. Sport lighting, interior and exterior
Illumination 500. Advanced topics including relevant legislation and noteworthy litigation.
Except jankiness well into 2025. We have been doing this work since 1993 — starting with the National Electrical Code — and getting the topic organized into manageable segments will be a challenge.
Today our inquiry begins with selections from the following documents:
International Electrotechnical Commission TC 34 Lighting
IEC 60364 Electrical Installations in Buildings
Electrical installations and Protection Against Electric Shock
2023 National Electrical Safety Code
IEEE P3001.9 – Recommended Practice for the Design of Power Systems Supplying Lighting Systems in Commercial and Industrial Facilities (under development)
2023 National Electrical Code: Article 410
2019 ASHRAE 90.1: Chapter 9 Lighting
Illumination Engineering Society: Various titles
…and about 20 other accredited, consortia or ad hoc standards developers and publishers aligned principally with vertical incumbents. Illumination was the original inspiration (i.e. the first “killer app”) for the electrical power industry in every nation. Its best practice literature reflects a fast-moving, shape-changing domain.
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With a @UCIrvine @UCIEngineering faculty delegation to the @PacificSymphony to discuss our joint new instrument competition. The details are still being worked out but needless to say, it will be epic! pic.twitter.com/dvT4Mfp9xU
— UCI Engineering Dean (@UCIEngineerDean) September 25, 2023
More
International Commission on Illumination
National Electrical Manufacturers Association
Lighting Systems Division Standards
National Electrical Contractors Association
Standard for Installing Indoor Commercial Lighting Systems (NECA500-06PDF)
Standard for Installing Exterior Lighting Systems (NECA501-06PDF)
Standard for Installing Industrial Lighting Systems (NECA502-06PDF)
Representative Specifications
Sam Houston State University | Division 26500 Interior and Exterior Lighting
University of Delaware | Division 265100 Interior Lighting
Cal Poly University San Luis Obispo | Division 265100 Interior Lighting
New update alert! The 2022 update to the Trademark Assignment Dataset is now available online. Find 1.29 million trademark assignments, involving 2.28 million unique trademark properties issued by the USPTO between March 1952 and January 2023: https://t.co/njrDAbSpwB pic.twitter.com/GkAXrHoQ9T
— USPTO (@uspto) July 13, 2023
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