Falsus in uno, Falsus in omnibus

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Falsus in uno, Falsus in omnibus

July 23, 2026
mike@standardsmichigan.com

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Executive Order 14290: Ending Taxpayer Subsidization of Biased Media

“If anyone sins because they do not speak up when they hear a public charge to testify regarding something they have seen or learned about, they will be held responsible.” — Leviticus 5:1

To what degree does the endless and, frankly shameless, on-air fundraising by an organization with widely tolerated bias constitute de facto political fundraising for the Democratic Party? In Southeastern Michigan — in less than a 50 mile region — you can hear the same NPR “content” from six different universities: Ann Arbor, Ypsilanti, Toledo, Detroit, East Lansing, and Flint.

There has been some relatively recent legislative proposals to restore NPR to its original charter of cultural content (music, book reviews, agricultural information, etc.) but these proposals never moved beyond the relevant committee.



NPR CEO Katherine Maher was a no-show at the House Oversight Subcommittee Hearing

Related:

National Public Radio Inc | 2022 Tax Filing

National Public Radio | IRS 990 Return of Organization Exempt from Income Tax

American Public Media Group | 2022 Tax Filing

“Hotseat heats up for NPR CEO Katherine Maher — and her life is the ultimate woke-elite bingo card”

National Public Radio follows guidelines and best practices when conducting fundraising campaigns, but they’re not so much strict “rules” as they are principles and standards upheld by NPR and its member stations. Here are some common practices and considerations:

  1. Transparency: NPR and its member stations are typically transparent about their funding needs and where the money goes. They often provide detailed breakdowns of their budgets and expenses.
  2. Ethical Solicitation: Fundraising efforts should be conducted ethically and in accordance with NPR’s values. This means avoiding misleading tactics and being honest about the need for funding.
  3. Listener Support: NPR often emphasizes the importance of listener support in funding their programming. They encourage individuals to contribute at various levels, often with incentives like member benefits.
  4. Corporate Sponsorship: NPR also receives funding from corporate sponsors,but they are careful to maintain editorial independence.” Sponsored content is clearly labeled, and NPR maintains strict guidelines to ensure that sponsors do not influence editorial decisions.
  5. Member Stations: NPR member stations across the country conduct their own fundraising campaigns, often in conjunction with national NPR campaigns. These stations rely heavily on listener support and may have their own guidelines and practices.
  6. Regulatory Compliance: NPR and its member stations must comply with relevant laws and regulations governing fundraising, including those related to nonprofit organizations and broadcasting.
  7. Stewardship: NPR and its member stations typically prioritize stewardship of donor funds, ensuring that donations are used effectively and efficiently to support their mission and programming.

While there may not be hard and fast rules for NPR fundraising, adherence to these principles helps maintain trust with listeners and supporters.

Swarthmore College Pennsylvania

 

To become a National Public Radio (NPR) member station or broadcaster, certain criteria must be met. NPR is a mission-driven organization that partners with independently owned and operated public radio stations across the United States to deliver its programming. Here are the typical criteria for becoming an NPR member station:

  1. Nonprofit Status: NPR member stations must be nonprofit organizations, often affiliated with universities, community organizations, or governmental bodies.
  2. Broadcast License: Stations must hold a valid broadcast license issued by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the United States. This license authorizes the station to broadcast on a specific frequency within a designated geographic area.
  3. Commitment to NPR’s Mission: Member stations are expected to share NPR’s mission of providing high-quality, non-commercial programming that serves the public interest. This includes delivering news, cultural content, and educational programming to their local communities.
  4. Financial Stability: Stations must demonstrate financial stability and viability to ensure they can fulfill their commitments to NPR and their local communities over the long term.
  5. Technical Requirements: Stations must meet certain technical requirements to ensure they can receive and broadcast NPR programming effectively. This includes having appropriate transmission equipment and meeting FCC regulations for broadcast quality and coverage.
  6. Membership Dues: Member stations are required to pay annual membership dues to NPR, which help support NPR’s operations and programming.
  7. Compliance with NPR Policies: Stations must adhere to NPR’s policies and guidelines regarding programming standards, ethics, and editorial independence.
  8. Community Engagement: NPR values stations that are actively engaged with their local communities, including through outreach, events, and partnerships with local organizations.
  9. Programming Commitment: Member stations are expected to broadcast a significant portion of NPR programming, including flagship shows like “Morning Edition” and “All Things Considered,” as well as other NPR-produced content.
  10. Commitment to Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion: NPR values diversity in its member stations and encourages stations to reflect the diversity of their communities in their programming and staffing.

Overall, becoming an NPR member station involves a combination of legal, financial, technical, and cultural considerations, all aimed at supporting NPR’s mission of providing high-quality public radio programming to audiences across the United States.

A significant portion of NPR member stations are associated with universities or colleges. These stations are often operated by the educational institution’s media departments or affiliated broadcasting organizations. They serve as valuable training grounds for students studying journalism, communications, broadcasting, and related fields.

While the exact number of NPR member stations associated with universities or colleges may vary over time, it’s safe to say that a substantial portion of the network falls into this category. Many universities and colleges across the United States operate their own radio stations, and a portion of these stations choose to affiliate with NPR to access its programming and resources.

Errors of omission, lost opportunities, are generally more critical than errors of commission. Organizations fail or decline more frequently because of what they did not do than because of what they did. - Russell L. Ackoff

Related:

Radio Transmission Power & Frequency Allocation

Pew Research Center: Public Broadcasting Fact Sheet

Urban Dictionary: Affluent White Female Liberal

NPR names Katherine Maher President and CEO

Tucker Carlson: Radicalized NPR on verge of destroying itself

Congresswoman Tenney Moves to Defund NPR

Outrageous bias in the media: NPR “National Public Radio “

 National Center for Charitable Statistics

H.R. 3410 Prohibit Federal funding of National Public Radio

“A half truth is a whole lie” — Yiddish proverb


National Public Radio (NPR) member stations are permitted to transmit from facilities supported by federally funded colleges or universities, as many are licensed as noncommercial educational (NCE) stations under the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). These stations, often operated by or affiliated with public colleges and universities, meet FCC requirements for NCE licenses, which allow them to broadcast educational and cultural programming without commercial advertisements.

Key Points:NCE Licensing: NPR member stations are typically licensed as NCE stations, which can be owned or operated by nonprofit entities, including public colleges and universities. These institutions often receive federal funding, and their facilities (e.g., campus buildings or transmission equipment) can be used for broadcasting.

Funding Structure: Stations affiliated with colleges or universities may receive funding from the institution, listener contributions, corporate underwriting, and federal grants via the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB). Federal funding, while a small portion (e.g., ~10% of public radio revenue), is often channeled through CPB to support station operations.

Examples: Many NPR member stations, such as WBEZ (operated by Chicago Public Media but affiliated with educational institutions) or KUT (operated by the University of Texas), transmit from university-supported facilities. Approximately half of NPR’s member stations are affiliated with colleges, sometimes operating directly from campus facilities.
FCC Regulations: The FCC allows NCE stations to broadcast from such facilities as long as they adhere to noncommercial guidelines, prohibiting promotional advertisements for for-profit entities while permitting donor acknowledgments.

Impact of Federal Funding Cuts: Recent reductions in federal funding for public media, as reported in 2025, may strain these stations, particularly those reliant on university support, as budget-strapped institutions face additional financial pressures.

There are no explicit FCC restrictions preventing NPR stations from using federally funded college or university facilities, provided they comply with NCE regulations.

Wild Blueberry Pie

July 22, 2026
mike@standardsmichigan.com
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Standards Maine

Special Education

July 22, 2026
mike@standardsmichigan.com
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The Watson Institute | Allegheny County 412

Here is a list of key Standards Development Organizations (SDOs) and related bodies that develop or maintain facility safety, accessibility, and sustainability standards applicable to K-12 schools, including those serving special education students.  These organizations create voluntary consensus standards, codes, and guidelines. Special education facilities emphasize accessibility (mobility, sensory, etc.), safety (egress, fire protection, security), and sustainability (energy efficiency, indoor air quality, resilience). Many of these standards are adopted into building codes or used as best practices.

  1. International Code Council (ICC)
    Develops the International Building Code (IBC), International Fire Code (IFC), International Mechanical Code, and International Green Construction Code (IgCC).
    Includes provisions for educational occupancies, accessibility (via ICC A117.1), and safety features relevant to special education classrooms.
    Website: www.iccsafe.org
  2. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
    Develops NFPA 101 (Life Safety Code) and NFPA 5000 (Building Construction and Safety Code).
    Covers fire safety, emergency planning, and provisions for occupants with disabilities.
    Website: www.nfpa.org
  3. American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
    Accredits many SDOs and publishes standards like ANSI/ICC A117.1 (Accessible and Usable Buildings and Facilities).
    Critical for accessibility in special education spaces.
    Website: www.ansi.org
  4. ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers)
    Develops standards for indoor air quality (ASHRAE 62.1), energy efficiency (ASHRAE 90.1), and thermal comfort.
    Highly relevant for healthy learning environments in special education.
    Website: www.ashrae.org
  5. U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) / LEED
    Administers LEED for Schools rating system.
    Focuses on sustainability, energy, water, materials, and indoor environmental quality.
    Website: www.usgbc.org
  6. Collaborative for High Performance Schools (CHPS)
    Develops the CHPS Criteria and rating system specifically for K-12 schools.
    Emphasizes health, safety, accessibility, and sustainability ideal for inclusive/special education environments.
    Website: www.chps.net

Other Notable Organizations and Guidelines

  • International Association of Accessibility Professionals (IAAP) and U.S. Access Board: Develop federal ADA Standards and guidelines for accessible design in schools.
  • ASTM International: Standards for materials, testing, and safety features.
  • Partner Alliance for Safer Schools (PASS): K-12-specific safety and security guidelines.

Additional Context

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) require accessible facilities; these reference the standards above. Many states adopt ICC/NFPA codes with amendments for schools and special education (e.g., universal design, sensory rooms).  U.S. Access Board (ADA), ASTM International, and Partner Alliance for Safer Schools (PASS).

A117.1 Accessible and Usable Buildings and Facilities

Means of Egress

Life Safety Code

Special Education Resources

July 22, 2026
mike@standardsmichigan.com
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State of Michigan

Eastern Michigan University streamlines special education program; provides faster path to graduation - EMU Today

§

Four Year Institutions Offering Special Education Programs

  • Eastern Michigan University (EMU, Ypsilanti) — Strong K-12 Special Education BS endorsement programs (multiple categories like Cognitive Impairment, Emotional Impairment, Learning Disabilities). Offers undergraduate and graduate options.

    emich.edu

  • Michigan State University (MSU, East Lansing) — BA in Special Education with elementary certification + Learning Disabilities endorsement.

    education.msu.edu

  • Western Michigan University (WMU, Kalamazoo) — Expedited MA programs and bachelor’s/master’s in areas like Autism Spectrum Disorder, Emotional Impairment, Learning Disabilities.

    wmich.edu

  • Alma College (Alma) — BA in Special Education; expedited programs in Learning Disabilities, Cognitive Impairment, Emotional Impairment. Para-to-Pro pathway.

    alma.edu

  • Central Michigan University (CMU, Mount Pleasant) — Programs for Teachers of Students with Emotional Impairment (and others).

    cmich.smartcatalogiq.com

  • Ferris State University (Big Rapids) — Bachelor’s and master’s in special education (multiple endorsements).

    michigan.gov

  • Oakland University (Rochester) — Special Education endorsements (e.g., Emotional Impairment, Learning Disabilities, Autism).

    mdoe.state.mi.us

  • Wayne State University (Detroit) — Undergraduate/graduate special education with various specializations (Cognitive Impairment, etc.).

    specialeducationguide.com

  • University of Michigan-Flint — BS in Special Education.

    umflint.edu

  • Saginaw Valley State University — BA in Special Education.

    specialeducationguide.com

  • Concordia University (Ann Arbor) — Online options for endorsements (e.g., Learning Disabilities) or initial certification + master’s.

    onlineinfo.cuaa.edu

Others: Grand Valley State University, Northern Michigan University, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor/Dearborn, Madonna University, Spring Arbor University, etc.

Minnehaha County 605

July 22, 2026
mike@standardsmichigan.com
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vcvcv

Augustana University | Minnehaha County South Dakota

Unified English Braille

July 22, 2026
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Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

July 21, 2026
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Edison electric vehicle | National Park Service, US Department of the Interior

Electrical power engineers know that it is unwise to imagine a totally electric mobility system in the mind’s eye of vertical incumbents, policy makers and trendsniffers.  That does not mean that, as licensed professionals, we cannot positively respond to the demand for more electric mobility on campuses and within school districts.

Today we run through current codes, standards and guides to make that power supply chain safe and sustainable.  Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.

In addition to the “NEC canonicals” — listing, coupler heights, disconnect, grounding, voltage, ampacity and overcurrent protection that would likely be applied in a fleet enclosure, more specific passages are relevant when the charging stations are widely dispersed in exterior locations:

Article 225 Outside branch circuits and feeders

Article 625 Electric Vehicle Power Transfer System

We will deal with cable management, IEC 61851 titles, Level 1 & 2 equipment, load management, placement of charging stations at motor fuel dispensing installations and wireless charging systems in a separate session.

2026 National Electrical Code Workspace

NECA 413 Standard For Installing And Maintaining Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment

National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Standards and Requirements

Gallery: Electric Vehicle Fire Risk

Much like designing and building campus outdoor lighting systems, there are more site-related issues to be reckoned with.  For example:

  1. Charging infrastructure: One of the biggest space usage problems with EVs is the need for charging infrastructure. EV owners require access to charging stations in order to recharge their vehicles, and these charging stations can take up valuable space in public areas or campus parking structures that may require additional fire protection systems (that also require upgraded electrotechnologies.
  2. Battery storage: Another space usage issue with EVs is the need for battery storage. EV batteries are large and heavy, and require adequate storage space for safe and secure disposal at the end of their life cycle.
  3. Vehicle size: Many EVs are larger and heavier than traditional gasoline-powered vehicles, which can create space usage problems in urban areas where parking and road space is limited.
  4. Recycling infrastructure: As EVs become more common, the need for specialized recycling infrastructure for EV components, including batteries, motors, and electronics, is likely to increase. These facilities require additional space and resources to safely and efficiently process and recycle these components.

Addressing these space usage problems will require a combination of policy interventions, technological innovations, and public awareness campaigns to promote the benefits and potential of EVs while minimizing their environmental impact and spatial footprint.

Electric Vehicle Energy Management

Electric Vehicle Regulatory Reference Guide

Electric Vehicle Open Charge Point Protocol

Campus Transportation & Parking System Design

IBC Electrical (Outdoor Lighting)

§ 1107.2 Electrical Vehicle Charging Stations

Drivers and Barriers to Implementation of Connected, Automated, Shared, and Electric Vehicles

Standard for Parking Structures

 

2029 National Electrical Code Panel 12

July 21, 2026
mike@standardsmichigan.com
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Ahead of the September-October First Draft Meetings in Redondo Beach California, we sort through the proposals related to electric vehicle safety and sustainability.

Public Input Report (546 pages)

From our perspective the omissions are probably more interesting than the inclusions:

  • No discussion of maintenance bays servicing high-voltage traction batteries.
  • No discussion of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) installations on campuses; or off-campus housing with merchant utility services.
  • No discussion of shared charging yards used jointly by universities and municipal transit agencies.
  • No discussion of fleet maintenance worker clearances around energized traction systems.

We are spread pretty thin and Mike’s reassignment by IEEE to CMP-3 limits the time for getting topics like these discussed.



We shall see the results of the First Draft meetings. If Standards Michigan – or the IEEE Education & Healthcare Facilities Committee were looking ahead we might consider proposals addressing:

  • Electrical design guidance for large educational fleet charging depots. (An authoritative title pulling together concepts from other standards catalogs)
  • Coordination between Article 625 and school bus maintenance facilities.
  • Service disconnecting and emergency shutdown arrangements for campus charging yards.
  • Arc-flash and maintenance access requirements unique to fleet charging equipment.
  • Load-management systems serving university transportation departments.
  • Cross-references to NFPA 70B for maintenance of campus EV charging infrastructure.
  • Guidance for campuses that operate both transit buses and public charging facilities.

Even if it means submitting proposals to the ICC, ASHRAE, SAE or other standards development organizations.

Campus Micromobility

Electric Vehicle Charging

July 21, 2026
mike@standardsmichigan.com
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GROUP A MODEL BUILDING CODES: Comments on Committee Actions will be received until July 8th

International Building Code Chapter 4, Section 406.2.7

Edison electric vehicle | National Park Service, US Department of the Interior

 

Free public access to the 2021 edition of the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) is linked below:

2021 International Energy Conservation Code

 

Electric vehicle charging stations are addressed in the 2024 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) within two specific appendices:

Appendix RE: This appendix provides detailed requirements for electric vehicle charging infrastructure, focusing on both residential and commercial buildings. It includes definitions and infrastructure standards to ensure that new constructions are equipped to support electric vehicle charging​

Appendix CG: This appendix offers guidance on electric vehicle power transfer and charging infrastructure, emphasizing the integration of EV-ready requirements into building designs. It outlines the necessary provisions for installing and managing EV charging stations, ensuring compliance with energy conservation standards​

.These appendices are part of the broader efforts to incorporate EV infrastructure into building codes, promoting energy efficiency and supporting the transition to electric vehicles.

Recharging infrastructure at at Google’s Mountain View (California) campus | Pretty ugly, eh?

“Gas” 1940 Edward Hopper

This standard will be updated within a reconfigured code development cycle linked below:

2024/2025/2026 ICC CODE DEVELOPMENT SCHEDULE

Keep in mind that many electric vehicle safety and sustainability concepts will track in other titles in the ICC catalog.   It is enlightening to see other energy related proposals tracking in the most recent Group A code revision cycle

The following proposals discussed during the Group A Hearings ended earlier this month are noteworthy:

IBC § 202 (NEW) | G66-21 |  Electrical mobility definitions

IBC § 1107.2, et al | E124-21 & E125-21 & E126-21 |  Electrical vehicle charging stations for R-2 occupancies.

From the Group B revision cycle — COMPLETE MONOGRAPH:

R309.6 Electric vehicle charging stations and systems. Where provided, electric vehicle charging systems shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 70. Electric vehicle charging system equipment shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 2202. Electric vehicle supply equipment shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 2594.

IBC 406.2.7 Electric vehicle charging stations and systems. Where provided, electric vehicle charging systems shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 70. Electric vehicle charging system equipment shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 2202. Electric vehicle supply equipment shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 2594. Accessibility to electric vehicle charging stations shall be provided in accordance with Section 1108.

TABLE R328.5 MAXIMUM AGGREGATE RATINGS OF ESS (Energy Storage Systems) – PDF Page 1476

Incumbents are socking in EV concepts all across the ICC catalog.  We refer them to experts in the Industrial Applications Society IEEE E&H Committee.

 

 

One of the more spirited debates in recent revision cycles is the following:

Who shall pay for electrical vehicle charging infrastructure?   

The underlying assumption is that the electrification of the global transportation grid has a net benefit.   We remain mute on that question; the question of net gain.

Of course, many proposals pointed the finger at the stakeholder with the deepest pockets.  Accordingly, new commercial building owners will be required to install charging stations for new buildings.   During 2018 and 2019 we tracked the action in the workspace below so that we could collaborate with the IEEE Education & Healthcare Facilities Committee:

2021 Electric Vehicle Infrastructure

Given that most higher education facilities are classified as commercial, the cost of charging stations will be conveyed into the new building construction budget unless the unit takes an exception.   Generally speaking, most colleges and universities like to display their electric vehicle credentials, even if the use of such charging stations remains sparse.

Cornell University

Issue: [11-40]

Category: Electrical, #SmartCampus

Colleagues: Mike Anthony, Jim Harvey

* The education industry has significant square footage this is classified as residential; particularly on the periphery of large research campuses.


LEARN MORE:

ICC 2021/2022 Code Development Cycle

The Top 5 Energy Efficiency Proposals for the 2021 IECC

Archive / IECC Electric Vehicle Charging

 

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