Fountains

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Fountains

August 23, 2026
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“Temple, Fountain and Cave in Sezincote Park” | Thomas Daniell (1819) | Yale Center for British Art

From time to time we break from our interest in lowering the cost of our “cities-within-cities” to enjoy the work of our colleagues responsible for seasonal ambience and public art.  We have a dedicated post that celebrates the accomplishments of our gardeners and horticultural staff.   Today we dedicate a post to campus fountains–a focal point for gathering and a place for personal reflection for which there is no price.

Alas, we find a quickening of standards developing organizations growing their footprint in the spaces around buildings now.  They used to confine the scopes of their standardization enterprises to the building envelope.  That day will soon be behind us as an energized cadre of water rights social justice workers, public safety, sustainability and energy conservation professionals descend upon campus fountains with prescriptive requirements for evaporation rates, bromine concentrations, training, certification and inspections.  In other words regulators and conformity functionaries will outnumber benefactors and fountain designers 1 million to 1.

We will deal with all that when the day comes.  For the moment, let’s just enjoy them.

We are happy to walk you through the relevant structural, water safety, plumbing and electrical issues any day at 11 AM EST during our daily standing online teleconferences.   Click on any image for author attribution, photo credit or other information.

Purdue University

The Great Court at Trinity College, Cambridge

Regent University

University of Washington

Hauptgebäude der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Bayern, Deutschland

College of the Desert / Palm Desert, California

California Institute of Technology

Berry College

Utah Valley University

Universitat d’Alacant / Sant Vicent del Raspeig, Spain

Collin County Community College / Plano, Texas

University of Toledo

University of Michigan College of Engineering

Harvard University

Florida State University

University of North Texas

 

Abiit sed non oblitus | Iowa

August 23, 2026
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Iowa Wesleyan University is a private university in Mount Pleasant, Iowa with a founding affiliation with the United Methodist Church.  It is Iowa’s first co-educational institution of higher learning and the oldest of its type west of the Mississippi River. It is one of several colleges and universities in the United States funded through the National Institute of Food and Agriculture program. These institutions receive funding for research, education, and outreach programs related to agriculture, food, and natural resources.

With an enrollment consistently below 1000 students the university will close at the end of the 2022–23 academic year owing to financial challenges.

 

Iowa Wesleyan University Announces Closure


More:

Iowa Wesleyan University to close after nearly 2 centuries

Long-struggling Iowa Wesleyan to close due to budget shortfall; USDA to take over campus

Owing $26 million to the USDA, Iowa Wesleyan University announces closure

 

A History of Ballooning in America

August 21, 2026
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Around the World in 80 Days | Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines

Up, Up, and Away: A History of Ballooning in America - UM Clements Library

MIT News:

“Knoxville: Summer of 1915”

August 21, 2026
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Michigan Central | Library of Congress: Lyrics | Song of America

Historic Knoxville house Knoxville streetcar Family on a summer porch

Wharton Center completes 2025 Renovations


The History of Cool: How the Air Conditioner Changed Modern Architecture | Shop Appliances

The History of Cool: How the Air Conditioner Changed Modern Architecture

Air Conditioning

 

Acoustics

Williams College is a private liberal arts college located in Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA. Founded in 1793, it is one of the oldest institutions of higher education in the United States. The college was established through a bequest of Colonel Ephraim Williams Jr., a war hero who died in the Battle of Lake George during the French and Indian War. In his will, Colonel Williams left funds for the establishment of a free school on the condition that it be located in Williamstown.

2026 NFPA 70 Tentative Interim Amendments

August 20, 2026
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NFPA 70 | National Electrical Code | Noteworthy 2026 Tentative Interim Amendments

Issued Tentative Interim Amendments

TIA 26-1 | 680.21(C) — Swimming Pool Motors: Ground-Fault Protection
TIA 26-2 | 690.12(C) — Photovoltaic Systems: Rapid Shutdown Initiation Devices
TIA 26-3 | 430.132 (New) — Motors, Motor Circuits and Controllers
TIA 26-4 | 500.30(A) — Hazardous (Classified) Locations: Bonding
TIA 26-5 | 501.15(B)(2) — Class I, Division 2 Boundary Sealing
TIA 26-6 | 505.30(A) — Zone 0, 1 and 2 Hazardous Locations: Bonding
TIA 26-7 | 506.30(A) — Zone 20, 21 and 22 Hazardous Locations: Bonding
TIA 26-8 | 270.50 — Grounding Electrode Systems Over 1000 Volts AC / 1500 Volts DC

Proposed Tentative Interim Amendments

Proposed TIA 1874 | 625.43(D) — Electric Vehicle Power Transfer Systems: Emergency Shutoff
Proposed TIA 1892 | 625.54 — Electric Vehicle Power Transfer Systems: GFCI Protection for Personnel
Proposed TIA 1896 | 225.31(B) — Outside Branch Circuits and Feeders: Location of Disconnecting Means
Proposed TIA 1897 | Table 501.10(A)(1) — Class I, Division 1 Wiring Methods
Proposed TIA 1903 | 700.6(C) — Emergency Systems: Bypass and Isolation of Transfer Equipment
Proposed TIA 1912 | 624.44(A) — Electric Self-Propelled Vehicle Power Transfer Systems: Equipment Connection
Proposed TIA 1915 | Tables 270.122(B)(1), (B)(2) and (B)(3) — Equipment Grounding Conductors

Tentative Interim Amendments become effective between regular editions of NFPA 70. Proposed TIAs remain subject to the NFPA standards-development process and should be distinguished from issued TIAs incorporated into the current Code.

Check with Jeff Sargent for more information: jsargeant@nfpa.org

NFPA 70 | Tentative Interim Amendments.  Among the more consequential Tentative Interim Amendments for educational and healthcare settlements are proposals affecting emergency transfer equipment, electric vehicle charging and building disconnects.

700.6(C) — Emergency Transfer Equipment: Proposed revisions address bypass and isolation requirements for transfer equipment, with implications for maintaining emergency electrical systems without unnecessarily interrupting the loads those systems are intended to protect.

625.54 — Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment: Proposed revisions address GFCI protection and its interaction with EV charging equipment, an increasingly important issue for campus fleet, commuter and residential charging infrastructure.

225.31(B) — Building Disconnects: Proposed revisions address the location of disconnecting means for separately supplied buildings and structures, a practical concern for large educational settlements with distributed feeders, substations and multiple buildings under common management.

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Mashed Cauliflower

August 20, 2026
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Morning Hymn and Alleluia

August 20, 2026
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HOME | Standards Alabama

Nonnberg Abbey (Stift Nonnberg) in Salzburg, Austria.

In both the stage musical and the 1965 film The Sound of Music, the nuns of Nonnberg Abbey sing the traditional “Morning Hymn” (also known as “Rex Admirabilis,” part of the Preludium sequence with “Dixit Dominus” and “Alleluia”). This occurs early in the story as part of the abbey scenes involving Maria and the other nuns.

Nonnberg is a real Benedictine nunnery (founded around 712–715 and the oldest continuously existing nunnery in the German-speaking world). The real Maria von Trapp was a postulant/novice there before being sent to the von Trapp family, and exterior shots (courtyard, gates, etc.) were filmed on location. Interiors were recreated on a Hollywood set because filming inside was not permitted.

Water 100

August 20, 2026
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“At the Water Trough” 1876 J. Alden Weir

 

“A flood is nature’s way of telling you

that you live in the wrong place.”

— Some guy

 

Water standards make up a large catalog and it will take most of 2023 to untangle the titles, the topics, proposals, rebuttals and resolutions.  When you read our claim that since 1993 we have created a new academic discipline we would present the best practice literature of the world’s water standards as just one example.

The Water 100 session takes an aerial view of relevant standards developers, their catalogs and revision schedules.

The Water 200 session we examine the literature for best practice inside buildings; premise water supply for food preparation, sanitation and energy systems.

The Water 300 session reviews standards covering athletic facilities such as swimming pools, therapeutic tubs, ice rinks and the like.

The Water 400 session will run through best practice catalogs of water management outside buildings, including interaction with regional water management systems.

The Water 500 session is a study of case histories, disasters, legal action related to non-conformance.  Innovation.


Water safety and sustainability standards have been on the Standards Michigan agenda since the early 2000’s.  Some of the concepts we have tracked over the years; and contributed data, comments and proposals to technical committees, are listed below:

  1. Legionella mitigation
  2. Swimming pool water quality
  3. Fire protection sprinkler water availability and safety
    – NFPA 70 Article 695 Fire Pumps
  4. Backflow prevention/Cross-connect systems
  5. Security of district energy power plant and hospital water supply
  6. Electrical shock protection in pools, fountains, spas and waterfront recreational docking facilities
  7. Rainwater catchment
  8. Water in extreme weather events
  9. Flood abatement systems
  10. Building plumbing codes (ICC and IAPMO)
  11. Water Re-use
  12. Water heaters
  13. District energy water treatment
  14. Food service steam tables
  15. Greywater
  16.  Residence hall potable water systems
  17. Water use in emergency shower and eyewash installations
  18. Decorative fountains.
  19. Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems

40 CFR § 141.92 – Monitoring for lead in schools and child care facilities

Since 2016 we have tracked other water-related issues:

  1. Safe water in playgrounds
  2. National Seagrant College programs
  3. Guide to Infection Control in the Healthcare Setting
  4. Electrical safety around water (cooling towers, swimming pools, spas)
  5. ASTM Water Testing Standards
  6. ASTM Standard for Water Distribution
  7. Electricity and Water Conservation on College and University Campuses in Response to National Competitions among Dormitories: Quantifying Relationships between Behavior, Conservation Strategies and Psychological Metrics

Relevant federal legislation:

  1. Clean Water Act
  2. Drinking Water Requirements for States and Public Water Systems
  3. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
  4. Safe Drinking Water Act

Relevant Research:

Real Time Monitoring System of Drinking Water Quality Using Internet of Things

UNICON: An Open Dataset of Electricity, Gas and Water Consumption in a Large Multi-Campus University Setting

IoT based Domestic Water Recharge System

 

Send bella@standardsmichigan.com an email to request a more detailed advance agenda.   To join the conversation use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.

More

IAPMO Publishes U.S., Canadian Standard for Detection, Monitoring, Control of Plumbing Systems

Standing Agenda / Water

Natatoriums 300: Advanced Topics

More

Solitude Lake Management for Universities and Colleges

Rain & Lightning

Flood Resistance

August 20, 2026
mike@standardsmichigan.com

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“Spring Night, Harlem River” | Ernest Lawson (1913)

Many school districts, colleges and universities are affected by the flooding in the Central United States this week; inspiration enough for revisiting the technical and management codes and standards to avoid and/or mitigate damages.   The consensus documents developed by the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) and its affiliate Structural Engineering institute (ASCE-SEI) — should appear in the design guidelines given to professional services firms retained by the facility construction, operations and maintenance workgroups.

The relevant standard in this space is ASCE 24 Flood Resistant Design which is developed jointly with the ASCE-SEI and technical committees of the International Code Council.  Apparently the 2014 Edition is the latest edition so that means that during 2019 will be the beginning of another revision cycle (according to ANSI requirements for 5-year revisions/re-affirmations).

From the ASCE 24 prospectus:

Flood Resistant Design and Construction, ASCE/SEI 24-14, provides minimum requirements for design and construction of structures located in flood hazard areas and subject to building code requirements. Identification of flood prone structures is based on flood hazard maps, studies, and other public information. This standard applies to new structures, including subsequent work, and to work classified as substantial improvement of existing structures that are not historic. Standard ASCE/SEI 24-14 introduces a new concept, Flood Design Class, that bases requirements for a structure on the risk associated with unacceptable performance.

The standard includes requirements for the following: basic siting and design and construction requirements for structures in flood hazard areas; minimum elevations for the lowest floor, flood damage-resistant materials, and floodproofing measures, each tied to a structure’s Flood Design Class; structures in high risk flood hazard areas subject to flooding associated with alluvial fans, flash floods, mudslides, erosion, high velocity flow, coastal wave action, or ice jams and debris; structures in coastal high hazard areas (V Zones) and Coastal A Zones; flood damage-resistant materials; dry floodproofing and wet floodproofing; attendant utilities and equipment, including electrical service, plumbing systems, mechanical/HVAC systems, and elevators; building access; and miscellaneous construction, including decks and porches, concrete slabs, garages and carports, accessory storage structures, chimneys and fireplaces, pools, and tanks. A detailed commentary containing explanatory and supplementary information to assist users of the standard is included for each chapter.

Standard ASCE/SEI 24-14 updates and replaces the previous Standard, ASCE/SEI 24-05. It provides essential guidance on design and construction to structural engineers, design professionals, code officials, floodplain managers, and building owners. The standard is adopted by reference in model building codes.

Keep in mind that model building codes usually change on a 3-year cycle while this standard changes on a 5-year cycle (though intermediates changes can, and do, happen).

CLICK ON IMAGE

When a technical committee is ready for its proposed changes to receive public comment, those changes will be posted here:

ASCE Standards Public Comment Page

We always encourage direct communication by user-interest technical experts that are either on the direct payroll of an educational institution or work for an outsourced expert agency such as an architectural engineering firm that has deep expertise in safety and economic trade-offs.

You will need to set up an access account.  You may also communicate directly with the American Society of Civil Engineers, 1801 Alexander Bell Dr., Reston, VA 20191.  Contact: James Neckel (jneckel@asce.org).   Note that ASCE’s Annual Conference is hosted October 10-13 in Miami Florida.  CLICK HERE for registration information.  We encourage our colleagues in #StandardsFlorida to attend this conference for a front row seat on technical committee action.

We are open every day at 11 AM Eastern time to discuss technical specifics of these, and all other consensus documents affecting #TotalCostofOwnership of education facilities.  We also devote one hour per month walking through water-related safety and sustainability codes and standards.  See our CALENDAR for the next teleconference; open to everyone.

 

Issue: [18-52]

Category: Civil Engineering, Water, #SmartCampus

Colleagues: Jack Janveja, Richard Robben

#StandardsOklahoma #StandardsArkansas #StandardsMissouri


LEARN MORE:

Federal Emergency Management Agency: Highlights of ASCE 24-14 Flood Resistant Design and Construction

National Flood Insurance Program

 

 

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