Shoe Fly Pie

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Shoe Fly Pie

February 2, 2025
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Standards Pennsylvania

Shoo Fly Pie is a type of American pie made with molasses associated with Pennsylvania Dutch cuisine. While shoo-fly pie has been a staple of Moravian, Mennonite, and Amish foodways, there is scant evidence concerning its origins, and most of the folktales concerning the pie are apocryphal, including the persistent legend that the name comes from flies being attracted to the sweet filling.

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Penn State Recipe Archive

Punxsutawney High School Groundhog Day Assembly

February 2, 2025
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Best Coffee Spots in Cardiff

February 2, 2025
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Calon Lân

February 2, 2025
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National Churches Trust | Historic England | ChurchCare

The “Groundhog Day” Effect

February 2, 2025
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United States National Weather Service

 

Research Without Old Data and Old References

 

Background: The use of older data and references is becoming increasingly disfavored for publication. A myopic focus on newer research risks losing sight of important research questions already addressed by now-invisible older studies. This creates a ‘Groundhog Day’ effect as illustrated by the 1993 movie of this name in which the protagonist has to relive the same day (Groundhog Day) over and over and over within a world with no memory of it. This article examines the consequences of the recent preference for newer data and references in current publication practices and is intended to stimulate new consideration of the utility of selected older data and references for the advancement of scientific knowledge.

Methods: Examples from the literature are used to exemplify the value of older data and older references. To illustrate the recency of references published in original medical research articles in a selected sample of recent academic medical journals, original research articles were examined in recent issues in selected psychiatry, medicine, and surgery journals.

Results: The literature examined reflected this article’s initial assertion that journals are emphasizing the publication of research with newer data and more recent references.

Conclusions: The current valuation of newer data above older data fails to appreciate the fact that new data eventually become old, and that old data were once new. The bias demonstrated in arbitrary policies pertaining to older data and older references can be addressed by instituting comparable treatment of older and newer data and references.


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System aspects of electrical energy supply

February 1, 2025
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Time

February 1, 2025
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“It Can’t Happen Here” 1935 Sinclair Lewis

Time cognition, measurement and conformance to tradition shapes educational settlements:

  • The development of standardized time zones, which became more widespread in the 19th century with the advent of the railroad and telegraph, influenced urban planning and architecture. Cities needed to coordinate schedules and activities, affecting the layout and design of public spaces, transportation hubs, buildings and the movement of children.
  • The invention and widespread adoption of clocks and watches allowed for more precise timekeeping. This precision influenced the synchronization of activities, schedules, and, consequently, the design of buildings and public spaces. It also impacted the design of interiors, with spaces allocated for timepieces in classrooms and athletic events.
  • What is now identified as the Industrial Revolution introduced a more rigid and standardized work schedule; including the time set aside for formal education away from the family kitchen table.

Traditional High School Bell Schedule

Campus planners incorporate temporal elements into their  design itself, creating spaces that change over time. This might involve the play of light and shadow during different times of the day or the use of materials that weather and evolve over the years.

1984

Today we account for our work in shaping the literature for time standards relevant to educational settlements.   Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.

Horologiorum

Mechanical Clock from 1895 Still Ticking

Time & Frequency Services

Date & Time: Representations For Information Interchange

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