Coffee Society

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Coffee Society

August 10, 2025
mike@standardsmichigan.com

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Strawberry Rhubarb Pie

August 8, 2025
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The University of Wyoming Extension service provides research and education to farmers and ranchers; funded by federal, state, and local sources:

  • Agricultural production and management: The Extension service provides information and resources on topics such as crop production, livestock management, and farm business management.
  • Soil and water management: The Extension service offers expertise on soil fertility, irrigation, water quality, and conservation practices.
  • Pest management: The Extension service provides resources and support for integrated pest management, including information on insect and disease control, weed management, and pesticide safety.
  • Youth education: The Extension service offers educational programs and activities for youth interested in agriculture, including 4-H clubs and competitions.
  • Community development: The Extension service works with local communities to support economic development, tourism, and natural resource conservation.

The Extension service also offers consultations, workshops, field days, and other events to help farmers and ranchers stay up-to-date on the latest research and technologies in agriculture.

Standards Wyoming

Morrill Land-Grant Act

Albert Bierstadt: Landscapes of the American West

Flat White

August 8, 2025
mike@standardsmichigan.com
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Remaking Jams and Jellies

August 7, 2025
mike@standardsmichigan.com

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Civil Rights Act (Voting Rights Act) of 1965

August 6, 2025
mike@standardsmichigan.com

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Crisp, Cinnamony Waffles & Nitro Cold Brew

August 6, 2025
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Boston University Financial Position 2023: $8.3B | Campus Planning & Operations

Marsh Chapel

Like many educational settlements in the United States, the original inspiration for the 1839 founding of Boston University by the Newbury Biblical Institute of the Methodist Episcopal Church was to train ministers. In 1867, it relocated to Boston, Massachusetts, becoming the Boston Theological School. By 1869, under the leadership of founders Isaac Rich, Lee Claflin, and Jacob Sleeper, it transformed into Boston University, expanding beyond theology to a broader liberal arts curriculum.

By 1869, under the leadership of founders Isaac Rich, Lee Claflin, and Jacob Sleeper, it transformed into Boston University which, in the fullness of time, morphed into a liberal arts settlement that supported Howard Zinn; inspiring student Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez among others.

Despite the historical body count of Marxist-Leninist governance regimes, knowledge workers generally, and at Boston University specifically, confound the claim to Christian roots.  (Reference Sir Roger Scruton: “Why Intellectuals are Mostly Left”)

BU Today: Our occasional series picks up with your morning pick-me-up

Standards Massachusetts

Related:

Nitro Cold Brew

Microwave Apple Crisp

Flying Tigers

August 5, 2025
mike@standardsmichigan.com

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The Flying Tigers, officially the First American Volunteer Group (AVG), were American pilots led by Claire Lee Chennault, formed in 1941 to aid China against Japanese forces during the Second Sino-Japanese War. Equipped with Curtiss P-40 Warhawks, they were tasked with defending Chinese skies and supply lines. However, the Flying Tigers did not directly stop the Rape of Nanking, which occurred from December 1937 to January 1938, as they were not yet formed.

By the time they saw combat on December 20, 1941, after Pearl Harbor, Nanjing had already fallen. Their role was significant later, defending key areas like Kunming and the Burma Road, disrupting Japanese air operations, and boosting Chinese morale. With only 62 combat-ready pilots, they destroyed 296 Japanese aircraft, but their impact came post-Nanjing, aiding China’s broader resistance against Japanese aggression.

SAVE OUR SOULS: United States Library of Congress: Wartime Messages from China to the American People (1943–1945)

 

Metering and Billing

August 5, 2025
mike@standardsmichigan.com
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Although electrical power  delivered with both active and reactive components our interest lies primarily in the useable power component — watts (power) and watt-hour(energy).  A secondary concern is whether or not energy useage meters are over-specified; particularly on points in building power chains downstream from the utility service meters.

Electrical meters, used for measuring electricity consumption, must comply with various codes and standards to ensure accuracy, safety, and reliability.  Today at the usual hour – from the user point of view – we will review the status of key codes and standards relevant to electrical meter manufacturing, primarily focusing on North American standards.  Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.

ANSI C12.1 – Code for Electricity Metering

  • Specifies performance criteria for AC watt-hour meters, demand meters, pulse devices, and auxiliary devices.
  • Covers testing, installation, accuracy classes, voltage/frequency ratings, and environmental tests (e.g., RF interference).
  • Current edition: ANSI C12.1-2024.

ANSI C12.10 – Physical Aspects of Watt-hour Meters

  • Defines physical and dimensional requirements for watt-hour meters, including socket and bottom-connected meters.
  • Ensures compatibility with metering installations.

ANSI C12.20 – Electricity Meters – 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5 Accuracy Classes

  • Establishes accuracy requirements for revenue-grade meters (0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.5% accuracy classes).
  • Note: Content merged into ANSI C12.1 in recent updates, with C12.20 withdrawn.

ANSI C12.31 – Standard Definitions of AC Electrical Power

  • Defines terms for active, reactive, and apparent power/energy, ensuring consistent measurement methodologies.
  • Under revision as ANSI C12.31-202x.

NEMA C12 Series

  • Published by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA).
  • Aligns with ANSI C12 standards, focusing on metering equipment specifications and safety.

UL 2735 – Standard for Electric Utility Meters

  • Safety standard for electric meters, addressing electrical shock, fire hazards, and mechanical risks.
  • Ensures meters meet safety requirements for installation and operation.

NFPA 70 – National Electrical Code (NEC)

  • While not specific to manufacturing, NEC governs meter installation requirements (e.g., meter base mounting, grounding).
  • Relevant for ensuring meters comply with installation safety standards.  We cover this topic of a safety point of view in the sessions linked below:

Electric Service Metering & Billing

Electrical Meter Center Manufacturing

Related:

The Effects of Energy Dashboards and Competition Programming on Electricity Consumption on a College Campus (Western Michigan University)

Comparative Feedback on Consumers’ Energy-Saving Behavior: A College Dormitory Example

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