The personal care industry, encompassing cosmetics, skincare, haircare, hygiene products, salons, and spas, plays a vital role in modern society. Economically, it generates trillions globally, creates millions of jobs, and drives innovation in chemistry, biotechnology, and sustainable formulations. Socially, it boosts self-esteem, promotes hygiene, and supports mental well-being by helping individuals feel confident and cared for.
Training students for this profession is essential. It equips them with specialized knowledge in dermatology, product formulation, safety regulations, client consultation, and ethical practices. Proper education ensures high-quality service delivery, minimizes health risks from improper techniques, and fosters innovation in eco-friendly solutions. As consumer demands evolve toward personalization and sustainability, well-trained professionals maintain industry standards, enhance customer trust, and open rewarding career paths in a fast-growing sector.
“…LIGHT + DESIGN was developed to introduce architects, lighting designers, design engineers, interior designers, and other lighting professionals to the principles of quality lighting design. These principles; related to visual performance, energy, and economics; and aesthetics; can be applied to a wide range of interior and exterior spaces to aid designers in providing high-quality lighting to their projects.
Stakeholders: Architects, interior designers, lighting practitioners, building owners/operators, engineers, the general public, luminaire manufacturers. This standard focuses on design principles and defines key technical terms and includes technical background to aid understanding for the designer as well as the client about the quality of the lighted environment. Quality lighting enhances our ability to see and interpret the world around us, supporting our sense of well-being, and improving our capability to communicate with each other….”
Illumination technologies run about 30 percent of the energy load in a building and require significant human resources at the workpoint — facility managers, shop foremen, front-line operations and maintenance personnel, design engineers and sustainability specialists. The IES has one of the easier platforms for user-interest participation:
Because the number of electrotechnology standards run in the thousands and are in continual motion* we need an estimate of user-interest in any title before we formally request a redline because the cost of obtaining one in time to make meaningful contributions will run into hundreds of US dollars; apart from the cost of obtaining a current copy.
We maintain the IES catalog on the standing agendas of our Electrical, Illumination and Energy colloquia. Additionally, we collaborate with experts active in the IEEE Education & Healthcare Facilities Committee which meets online 4 times monthly in European and American time zones; all colloquia online and open to everyone. Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page to join us.
Article 206 Non-Power-Limited Remote-Control and Signaling Circuits | Article 300 General Requirements for Wiring Methods and Materials | Article 335 Instrumentation Tray Cable — formerly Article 727 | Article 720 Limited-Energy System Installations | Article 721 Limited-Energy Power Sources | Article 722 Limited-Energy Cables | Article 723 Raceways, Cable Routing Assemblies, and Cable Trays for Limited-Energy Systems | Article 724 Class 1 Power-Limited Remote-Control and Signaling Circuits | Article 725 Class 2 and Class 3 Power-Limited Circuits | Article 726 Class 4 Fault-Managed Power Systems | Article 728 Fire-Resistive Cable Systems | Article 760 Fire Alarm Systems | Article 772
Cable trays interfering with HVAC ductwork and fire sprinkler lines. Parallel cable tray feasibility
Difficulty accessing lighting fixtures and fire alarm components for maintenance.
Potential violation of plenum clearance and airflow requirements. Some cable trays in plenums reportedly contain non-plenum-rated cables, which is a fire code violation.
Document flags this as a high-priority remediation item before any LED lighting retrofit proceeds.
Existing security wiring (CCTV, access control, intrusion detection) is a mix of old analog coax and early Cat 5 cables.
Many runs exceed recommended length for reliable video transmission. Frequent signal degradation and reliability complaints.
Security cables are sharing overcrowded cable trays with power-limited lighting control wires and fire alarm cabling.
Risk of electromagnetic interference (EMI) noted due to proximity to higher-voltage lines.
Plenum space constraints make it difficult to add new IP-based security cameras without major reorganization.
Current security wiring cannot support newer high-resolution IP cameras or PoE+ powered devices.
Several editorial proposals by Mike Holt. (He’s generally correct on clarity improvements that he needs for educational purposes)
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For discussion next meeting, when we march through all proposals of interest to IEEE:
When electricians work in ceiling plenums above hallways while students pass below, several serious hazards emerge. Tools, screws, cable scraps, or ceiling tiles can fall, causing head injuries or slips. Disturbed dust, fiberglass, or potential asbestos particles may rain down, creating respiratory risks.
Live electrical work on lighting or cable trays raises shock/fire dangers if a fault occurs or debris shorts circuits. Open plenums can compromise fire-rated barriers, allowing smoke or flames to spread rapidly in an emergency.
Noise and visual distractions increase trip hazards for students. Without full barricades, lockout/tagout, and proper fall protection, these overhead activities expose young people to preventable injury. Scheduling work after hours or using full corridor closures is essential.
Power-limited (Class 2) cabling operates at low voltage (<60V DC) with current/power caps (~100VA), dramatically reducing shock and fire risks. Installation is simpler and cheaper—no conduit or heavy mechanical protection needed in many cases, allowing flexible routing. LEDs run cooler and more efficiently with remote drivers, improving lifespan and energy savings. Easier maintenance and safer for retrofits.
Severe distance and power limits due to voltage drop and 100W/5A caps require multiple drivers or shorter runs. Higher upfront costs for specialized power supplies. Potential reliability issues from more connection points. Less suitable for high-power or long-distance applications compared to line-voltage wiring.
April 29, 2026
At the request of IEEE Joint IAS/PES Standards Michigan, Mike Anthony moved to CMP-3 from CMP-15.
Articles Under CMP 3
Article 300 — General Requirements for Wiring Methods and Materials
Article 335 — Instrumentation Tray Cable (in some references for the 2029 cycle)
Article 590 — Temporary Installations (being relocated/renumbered in the 2026 cycle, e.g., potentially to Article 140 in Chapter 1, as temporary wiring is not treated as a special occupancy)
Article 720 — Limited-Energy System Installations (new/general article covering wiring methods for limited-energy systems)
Article 723 — Raceways, Cable Routing Assemblies, and Cable Trays for Limited-Energy Systems (newly created in the 2026 cycle)
Article 725 — Class 2 and Class 3 Remote-Control, Signaling, and Power-Limited Circuits
Article 726 — Class 4 Fault-Managed Power Circuits and Equipment
Article 727 — Instrumentation Tray Cable
Article 728 — Fire-Resistive Cable Systems
Article 760 — Fire Alarm Systems (power-limited and non-power-limited portions)
CMP 3 also handles associated content in: Chapter 9 — Tables, including Tables 11(A) & (B) and Tables 12(A) & (B) (related to conductor properties and other supporting tables for the above topics).
Notes on Changes and Scope CMP 3 focuses on general wiring rules, cable types, raceways/trays for low-energy applications, and signaling/communications-related wiring (distinct from higher-power utilization equipment or special occupancies handled by other panels).
In the 2026 NEC cycle, there has been significant reorganization of Chapter 7 to consolidate limited-energy systems under articles like 720–726 (and related ones), moving away from older structures. This includes new articles for raceways/cable trays specific to limited-energy systems and adjustments to scopes for clarity.
Article 206 (Non-Power-Limited Remote-Control and Signaling Circuits) appears in some 2026-related references as newly designated or relocated material handled in this area. Temporary installations (Article 590) are transitioning out of “special” categories in restructuring efforts.
During today’s sessions of the IEEE E&H Committee and our own we will prepare draft proposals relevant to the safety and sustainability agenda of the USA education facility industry. Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.
The University of Michigan has supported the voice of the United States education facility industry since 1993 — the second longest tenure of any voice in the United States. That voice has survived several organizational changes but remains intact and will continue its Safer-Simpler-Lower Cost-Longer Lasting priorities on Code Panel 3 in the 2029 Edition.
Today, during our customary “Open Door” teleconference we will examine the technical concepts under the purview of Code Panel 3; among them:
Article 206 Signaling Circuits
Article 300 General Requirements for Wiring Methods and Materials
Article 335 Instrumentation Tray Cable
Article 590 Temporary Installations
Chapter 7 Large sections of limited energy cabling for signaling and information technology
Since the lifespan of educational buildings make the building core and shell susceptible to multiple changes not typically associated with commercial buildings, additional pathways should be placed in areas where the core and shell components of the facility are likely to re-main for extended periods of time
It is recommended that all areas of an educational building have wireless coverage unless prohibited
Abstract. The recently introduced continuous Skip-gram model is an efficient method for learning high-quality distributed vector representations that capture a large number of precise syntactic and semantic word relationships. In this paper we present several extensions that improve both the quality of the vectors and the training speed. By subsampling of the frequent words we obtain significant speedup and also learn more regular word representations. We also describe a simple alternative to the hierarchical softmax called negative sampling.
An inherent limitation of word representations is their indifference to word order and their inability to represent idiomatic phrases. For example, the meanings of “Canada” and “Air” cannot be easily combined to obtain “Air Canada”. Motivated by this example, we present a simple method for finding phrases in text, and show that learning good vector representations for millions of phrases is possible.
Large Language Models and Infrastructure Technical Standards
Large Language Models (LLMs) are poised to significantly accelerate and reshape the development of infrastructure standards — including engineering codes, technical specifications for civil works, transportation, energy grids, water systems, and related Standards Development Organization (SDO) processes at ASTM, IEEE, ASABE, ISO, and similar bodies. This connection traces back to foundational ideas in distributed representations (Hinton et al., Mikolov’s Word2Vec) that powered the transformer revolution, which in turn enabled modern LLMs and the shift from passive generative AI to active, goal-directed agentic AI.
While LLMs will not replace human expertise, consensus-building, or rigorous validation, they will transform traditionally slow, document-heavy workflows into faster, more collaborative, and data-driven processes.
1. Faster Drafting, Summarization, and Gap Analysis
LLMs can rapidly summarize lengthy documents, extract key requirements, identify inconsistencies across related standards, and generate initial draft sections or comparison tables. This is especially valuable for reviewing historical codes, research papers, regulations, and stakeholder inputs.
Infrastructure example: In renewable energy permitting or grid interconnection standards, LLMs excel at processing complex environmental impact statements and regulatory texts to accelerate reviews.
2. Enhanced Requirements Engineering and Consistency Checking
LLMs support formal requirements extraction, flag ambiguities, suggest measurable criteria, and translate between domains. They help maintain alignment between textual standards and digital implementations such as Building Information Modeling (BIM) or simulation tools.
3. Improved Accessibility, Education, and Stakeholder Participation
LLMs make standards more usable by generating plain-language explanations, FAQs, examples, and tailored training materials. They lower barriers for broader participation in SDO committees by helping non-experts understand and contribute to drafts.
4. Domain-Specific Applications in Infrastructure
Civil, Structural & Agricultural Engineering: Design ideation, safety analysis, and updating standards for new materials and climate resilience.
Permitting & Compliance: Summarizing environmental documents and speeding up infrastructure deployment.
Interoperability & Testing: Verification support for software-heavy systems such as smart grids and autonomous infrastructure.
5. Broader Process Changes for SDOs
Zero-draft acceleration for preliminary stakeholder review
Continuous monitoring for maintenance and timely updates
Multi-agent LLM systems for parallel virtual expert review before human consensus
Limitations and Important Caveats
“Hallucinations” & Validation: Outputs must always be human-verified, especially in safety-critical areas. Domain-specific fine-tuning and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) help but are not foolproof.
Bias, Copyright & Accountability: Standards demand traceability and consensus; LLMs can introduce subtle biases or IP concerns.
Not a Full Replacement: Human judgment remains essential for risk assessment, ethics, and real-world tradeoffs.
Expect 2–5× faster iteration on drafts, superior knowledge management, and more adaptive standards. Early adopters using LLM assisted tools with proper governance will lead the next generation of infrastructure standards development.
The Commission voted on a series of mostly consent agenda items focused on electric reliability, market rules, compliance, infrastructure, and related matters.
In opening remarks and related announcements, FERC highlighted its intent to act by June 2026 on a separate large load interconnection docket. The meeting reflected ongoing efforts to refine interconnection processes, address co-location issues in PJM, ensure just and reasonable rates, and support infrastructure while maintaining reliability.
Key Reliability & Cybersecurity Actions. FERC approved important updates to Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) Reliability Standards. These included modernized rules for virtualization (allowing secure use of virtual machines), enhanced security management controls for low-impact cyber systems (CIP-003-11), and refinements to the definition of “control center” to better protect high-risk assets. The changes aim to strengthen the bulk-power system against rising cyber threats and extreme weather while reducing unnecessary administrative burdens.
Electric Rate and Complaint Resolutions. The Commission resolved several long-running rate complaints, including setting a base return on equity (ROE) of 9.57% for New England Transmission Owners. It addressed complaints involving spot market sales exceeding price caps in the WECC region and cost allocation issues in MISO related to DOE emergency orders. Several tariff revisions and generator interconnection filings were also accepted.
Other Actions. FERC modernized Electric Quarterly Report (EQR) filing requirements, authorized multiple asset transactions and dispositions, and approved several natural gas pipeline, storage, and abandonment projects. A presentation on the 2025 State of the Markets Report was also delivered.
FERC’s involvement in CHP plants at universities and hospitals depends on and how the facility interacts with the bulk electric power system and wholesale markets. In many cases, FERC’s role is indirect—but it can become significant under certain conditions. We cover this topic separately in our periodic US Department of Energy Combined Heat & Power eCATALOG
Next Open Meeting: May 21. Keep in mind that much “bandwidth” is devoted to administrative issues; the technical specifics of primary interest to us referenced in case dockets that are referenced here: FERC Online
The current full complement of five FERC commissioners is relatively new as of December 23, 2025. The two most recent additions — Chairman Laura V. Swett (term expiring June 30, 2030) and Commissioner David A. LaCerte (term expiring June 30, 2026) — were confirmed by the U.S. Senate on October 7, 2025.
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This restored FERC to its full five members after prior vacancies and transitions earlier in the year. The other commissioners (David Rosner, Lindsay S. See, and Judy W. Chang) have been in place since mid-2024 or earlier, but the current lineup only fully formed about two and a half months ago.
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This followed changes tied to the new administration, including shifts in majority and leadership.
January 22. Issues of interest discussed at the FERC Open Meeting on January 22, 2026, centered primarily on electric sector matters related to generator interconnection reforms, expedited processes for resource adequacy. Our interest lies in the effect of FERC action will have on the utility costs of educational settlements which, of course, practically involves all utilities and how those decisions are reflected in state tariffs.
One issue of particular interest for Michigan: Midcontinent Independent System Operator, Inc. (MISO) Expedited Resource Addition Study (ERAS) process (Docket No. ER25-2454-002): The Commission addressed arguments on rehearing and sustained its prior July 21, 2025, order approving MISO’s ERAS framework. This provides an expedited interconnection study process for generation projects addressing urgent near-term resource adequacy and reliability needs in the MISO region. Discussions involved balancing reliability concerns (e.g., load growth, resource shortfalls) against claims of undue discrimination or preference in interconnection queuing, as raised by public interest groups. We will see these conclusions reflected in Michigan Public Service Commission action.Other agenda elements likely included routine administrative matters (e.g., A-1 Agency Administrative Matters, A-2 Customer Matters/Reliability/Security/Market Operations) and consent items (often non-controversial electric, gas, hydro, or certificate matters voted en bloc without discussion).
No major presentations were noted, and the meeting focused on these reliability/interconnection and market integrity issues amid broader grid challenges like queue backlogs, rapid load growth, and transitioning resources.The Q&A afterward involved energy media, with emphasis by Laura V. Swett on reliability concerns ahead of likely winter storms. The next public open meeting is scheduled for Thursday, February 19th.
December 18. The public meetings are dominated by administrative procedures and mutual admiration. Technical issues that require in-depth, expert-level understanding of complex laws, rules, guidelines, and precedents beyond surface-level awareness appear deeper into the FERC website. There you will generally find:
Nuanced interpretation of statutes and agency decisions
Awareness of historical context and evolving policies
Insight into how rules interact with technical, economic, and operational realities
Impacts of changes and navigate compliance strategically
As interest and time allows we can pick through technical specifics regarding FERC oversight of interstate electricity with the IEEE colleagues.
Hubbell Corporation, a leader in electrical and utility solutions, significantly contributes to data center build-outs by providing end-to-end infrastructure products. These include reliable connectivity, structured cabling, wiring devices, enclosures, and modular prefabricated systems for high-density server rooms and power distribution. Through brands like PCX and Hubbell Premise Wiring, it ensures scalability, maximum uptime, and regulatory compliance, backed by a 25-year guarantee. Amid AI-driven demands, Hubbell’s vertically integrated approach supports efficient grid-to-chip power management, enabling faster, resilient expansions for colocation and enterprise facilities.
We want to give a warm welcome to this year’s summer #interns! This summer, we have 94 interns that span across 23 locations, 57 universities, and over 12 business functions.
We look forward to seeing the unique contributions that each of these interns will make over the summer. pic.twitter.com/A2mbytr338
— Hubbell Incorporated (@HubbellCorp) May 15, 2023
Clean the chicken, put it in a large pot and cover it with cold water. Bring the water to boil.
Add the chicken wings, onions, sweet potato, parsnips, turnips and carrots. Boil about 1 and a half hours. Remove fat from the surface as it accumulates.
Add the parsley and celery. Cook the mixture about 45 min. longer.
Remove the chicken. The chicken is not used further for the soup. (The meat makes excellent chicken parmesan.)
Put the vegetables in a food processor until they are chopped fine or pass through a strainer. Both were performed in the present study.
Add salt and pepper to taste.
(Note: This soup freezes well.) Matzo balls were prepared according to the recipe on the back of the box of matzo meal (Manischewitz).
Today marks the 10th anniversary of Chancellor Jeffrey P. Gold’s remarkable journey with UNMC. Thank you, @jeffreypgold, for your unwavering commitment to excellence and your visionary guidance to the UNMC community. https://t.co/jgGhyMH55rpic.twitter.com/fPxvyMsnz2
— University of Nebraska Medical Center (@unmc) February 1, 2024
New update alert! The 2022 update to the Trademark Assignment Dataset is now available online. Find 1.29 million trademark assignments, involving 2.28 million unique trademark properties issued by the USPTO between March 1952 and January 2023: https://t.co/njrDAbSpwBpic.twitter.com/GkAXrHoQ9T