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Tune!FM

February 12, 2025
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Tune!FM is our very own, student-driven radio station, located at our Armidale campus.  Our high-power, open narrowcasting service is operated by the legendary team from UNE Life alongside dedicated UNE students.  The station services the University, our students globally, UNE staff and the greater Armidale community.”

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History of Radio Regulations

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February 12, 2025
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“Our Favourite Coffee Shops Around Campus”

February 12, 2025
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Annual Report and Financial Statement 2023: $8.258M

Lanyon Building

Queen’s University Belfast | County Antrim

Canadian Parliament Debate on Standards Incorporated by Reference

February 12, 2025
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“The Jack Pine” | Tom Thomson (1916) | National Gallery of Canada

 

Originally posted January 2014

In these clips — selected from Canadian Parliamentary debate in 2013 — we observe three points of view about Incorporation by reference (IBR); a legislative drafting technique that is the act of including a second document within a main document by referencing the second document.

This technique makes an entire second (or referenced) document a part of the main document.  The consensus documents in which we advocate #TotalCostofOwnership concepts are incorporated by reference into legislation dealing with safety and sustainability at all levels of government.  This practice — which many consider a public-private partnership — is a more effective way of driving best practices for technology, and the management of technology, into regulated industries.

Parent legislation — such as the Higher Education Act of 1965, the Clean Air Act and the Energy Policy Act – almost always require intermediary bureaucracies to administer the specifics required to accomplish the broad goals of the legislation.  With the gathering pace of governments everywhere expanding their influence over larger parts of the technologies at the foundation of national economies; business and technology standards are needed to secure that influence.  These standards require competency in the application of political, technical and financial concepts; competencies that can only be afforded by incumbent interests who build the cost of their advocacy into the price of the product or service they sell to our industry.  Arguably, the expansion of government is a reflection of the success of incumbents in business and technical standards; particularly in the compliance and conformity industries.

About two years ago, the US debate on incorporation by reference has been taken to a new level with the recent statement released by the American Bar Association (ABA):

16-164-Incorporation-by-Reference-ABA-Resolution-and-Report

The American National Standards Institute responded to the ABA with a statement of its own.

16-164-ANSI-Response-to-ABA-IBR-06-16 (1)

The incorporation by reference policy dilemma has profound implications for how we safely and economically design, operate and maintain our “cities-within-cities” in a sustainable manner but, admittedly, the results are only visible in hindsight over a time horizon that often exceed the tenure of a typical college or university president.

A recent development — supporting the claims of ANSI and its accredited standards developers — is noteworthy:

The National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) manages a website — Standards.GOV — that is a single access point for consensus standards incorporated by reference into the Code of Federal Regulations: Standards Incorporated by Reference Database.   Note that this database does not include specific reference to safety and sustainability codes which are developed by standards setting organizations (such as NFPA, ICC, IEEE, ASHRAE and others) and usually incorporated by reference into individual state public safety and technology legislation.


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International Standard Classification of Education

February 12, 2025
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“Etudes Graphiques” | Vincent van Gogh 1853-1890

“I am not an Athenian or a Greek,

but a citizen of the world.”

— (Plato quoting Socrates, Phaedo 64a)

 

ISCED 2011 is an updated version of the previous classification, ISCED 1997, and provides a framework for organizing education programs according to their level of complexity and content. The classification is designed to facilitate the comparison of education systems across countries and regions, and to improve the collection, reporting, and analysis of education statistics.

ISCED 2011 introduces several changes and updates, such as the introduction of a new level of education called “early childhood education,” the expansion of the tertiary education level to include short-cycle tertiary education, and the inclusion of a separate category for vocational education at the secondary level. The classification also includes detailed descriptions of the content and characteristics of each education level, as well as guidelines for classifying educational programs that do not fit neatly into the existing categories.

ISCED 2011 is widely used by national and international organizations, including UNESCO, to collect and report education data, and it provides a common language for discussing education across borders.



Global Consistency in Presenting Construction & Life Cycle Costs

February 12, 2025
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Research from the World Economic Forum has shown that improvements in the design and construction process can be achieved by using international standards like ICMS to gain comparable and consistent data. ICMS provides a high-level structure and format for classifying, defining, measuring, recording, analysing and presenting construction and other life-cycle costs.

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Meatloaf

February 11, 2025
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Standards Illinois

Meatloaf is traced back to ancient times when people started combining ground meat with other ingredients for a more economical and substantial meal.

Colonial America: The concept of mixing ground meat with breadcrumbs or grains dates back to medieval Europe. When settlers arrived in North America, they adapted these techniques to the ingredients available to them, such as native grains and game meats.

19th Century: As meat grinders became more widely available in the 19th century, the preparation of ground meat dishes became easier. Meatloaf gained popularity during this time, with regional variations emerging across the United States. Families would incorporate various seasonings, herbs, and fillers based on local ingredients and preferences.

World War II and Post-War Era: Meatloaf became even more popular during World War II and the post-war era due to its affordability and versatility. Families could stretch a small amount of meat by combining it with breadcrumbs, rice, or oats, making it an economical choice during times of rationing.

1950s and 1960s: Meatloaf reached its peak of popularity in the mid-20th century, becoming a staple of American home cooking. The dish was often featured in cookbooks and advertisements, showcasing its versatility and ease of preparation.

Over time, meatloaf recipes have evolved with regional and personal preferences. Some variations include using different meats (beef, pork, veal, or a combination), adding vegetables, experimenting with various seasonings, and glazing with sauces.

 

Campus Dining recipe: Meatloaf

Ingredients:

Celery, chopped fine, 1 & 1/2 oz.
Yellow onions, chopped fine, 2 & 3/4 oz.
Ground beef, 2 lbs.
Eggs, 2 whole
Ketchup, 2 & 1/3 Tbsp.
Mustard, 2 3/8 tsp.
Worcestershire sauce, 1 1/8 tsp.
Italian seasoning, 5/8 tsp.
Bread crumbs, plain, 3 & 1/2 oz.
Kosher salt, 3/8 tsp.
Black pepper, 1/4 tsp.
Topping

Ketchup, 1 & 1/2 oz.
Water, 2 3/8 tsp.
Instructions

Preheat oven to 325 degrees.

Place ground beef in mixing bowl. Add eggs and combine.

Add ketchup (2 & 1/3 Tbsp.), mustard, Worcestershire sauce, Italian seasoning, onions, celery, breadcrumbs, salt, and pepper. Mix well to combine. Meatloaf should be firm. If mixture is not, add more bread crumbs.

Place meatloaf in a loaf pan. Make sure it is spread evenly.

Bake for about 45 minutes, uncovered. Remove from oven.

Combine ketchup (1 & 1/2 oz.) and water. Spread over meatloaf.

Return to oven for another 15-20 minutes, or until internal temperature reaches 155 degrees.

Let the meatloaf rest for 30 minutes prior to cutting.

Illinois

Traditional Irish Soda Bread

February 11, 2025
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Ballymaloe Cookery School is situated on a 100-acre organic farm in County Kerry.  It produces the freshest vegetables, fruit, meat and dairy products, all of which are used in the kitchen every day. We teach a diverse range of cooking styles but the fundamental message we pass on to our students is the importance of putting time and effort into sourcing the highest-quality ingredients.

Kerry College of Further Education

Detailed recipe with variants

National Standards Authority of Ireland

Illumination 200

February 11, 2025
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“The Schoolgirl Reading by Lamplight” 1917 | Nikolai Bogdanov-Belsky

Replacing oil and natural gas lighting, the first practical electric light bulb was invented by Thomas Edison in 1879.  Joseph W. Swan filed a similar Electric Lamp Patent in 1880.  One of the first large-scale installations of electric lighting was at the Savoy Theatre in London in 1881, which was followed by the installation of electric lights in the Palace of Westminster in 1882. By the 1890s, electric lighting had become more widespread and affordable.

Opticks: or, A treatise of the reflections, refractions, inflexions and colours of light | Sir Isaac Newton 1704

The widespread transition to LED lighting in buildings began in the early 2010s. While LED technology had been available since the 1960s, it wasn’t until the 2000s that the technology improved to the point where LED lighting was cost-effective and efficient enough to replace traditional lighting technologies like incandescent and fluorescent lighting.  In addition to their energy efficiency, LED lights also have a longer lifespan than traditional lighting technologies, which makes them more cost-effective over the long term.

What is light?

Today we refresh our understanding of the moment in illumination technologies.  Illumination technology was the original inspiration for the electric utility industry; providing night-time security and transforming every sector of every economy on earth.  Lighting load remains the largest component of any building’s electric load — about 35 percent– making it a large target for energy regulations.  We are organizing our approach to this topic during 2023:

Illumination 100.  Survey of illumination standards catalogs

Illumination 200.  Interior illumination including industrial and laboratory occupancies

USPTO: Thomas Edison’s Patent Application for the Light Bulb (1880)

Amir Adibi: Light Bulb Patent: The Evolution of Illumination Technology

IEEE: Energy Optimization in Consumer Lightings: An IoT-Based Adaptive Control Mode

Illumination 300.  Exterior illumination with emphasis on pathways

Illumination 400.  Sport lighting, interior and exterior

Illumination 500.  Advanced topics including relevant legislation and noteworthy litigation.

Except jankiness well into 2025.  We have been doing this work since 1993 — starting with the National Electrical Code — and getting the topic organized into manageable segments will be a challenge.

Today our inquiry begins with selections from the following documents:

International Electrotechnical Commission TC 34 Lighting

IEC 60364 Electrical Installations in Buildings

Electrical installations and Protection Against Electric Shock

2023 National Electrical Safety Code

IEEE P3001.9 – Recommended Practice for the Design of Power Systems Supplying Lighting Systems in Commercial and Industrial Facilities (under development)

Institution of Engineering and Technology: Recommendations for Energy-efficient Exterior Lighting Systems

2023 National Electrical Code: Article 410

2019 ASHRAE 90.1: Chapter 9 Lighting

Illumination Engineering Society: Various titles

ISO/TC 274 Light and lighting

…and about 20 other accredited, consortia or ad hoc standards developers and publishers aligned principally with vertical incumbents.  Illumination was the original inspiration (i.e. the first “killer app”) for the electrical power industry in every nation.  Its best practice literature reflects a fast-moving, shape-changing domain.

Click in today with the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.

Upper Wharfedale Primary Federation School District Yorkshire Dales

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International Commission on Illumination

National Electrical Manufacturers Association

Lighting Systems Division Standards

National Electrical Contractors Association

Standard for Installing Indoor Commercial Lighting Systems (NECA500-06PDF)

Standard for Installing Exterior Lighting Systems (NECA501-06PDF)

Standard for Installing Industrial Lighting Systems (NECA502-06PDF)

Representative Specifications

Sam Houston State University | Division 26500 Interior and Exterior Lighting

University of Delaware | Division 265100 Interior Lighting

Cal Poly University San Luis Obispo | Division 265100 Interior Lighting

Lighting Calculations

Illumination Art

February 11, 2025
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“Starry Night Over the Rhône” 1888 Vincent van Gogh

 

I often think that the night is more alive

and more richly colored than the day.

– Vincent van Gogh

 

The International Commission on Illumination — is devoted to worldwide cooperation and the exchange of information on all matters relating to the science and art of light and lighting, colour and vision, photobiology and image technology.  The landing page for its standards setting enterprise is linked below:

International Standards

With strong technical, scientific and cultural foundations, the CIE is an independent, non-profit organization that serves member countries on a voluntary basis. Since its inception in 1913, the CIE has become a professional organization and has been accepted as representing the best authority on the subject and as such is recognized by ISO as an international standardization body.

Illumination technologies influence designs in architectural design, public safety and energy economics in all education communities.   We find CIE titles referenced in ISO and IEC standards.  Because ISO and IEC standards are incorporated by referenced in the best practice literature published by standards setting organizations in every nation with a private standards setting body (such as ANSI, BSI, DIN, etc.) the CIE titles are worthy of our attention.

We only have resources to track a few of them:

ISO/CIE 20086:2019(E) Light and Lighting — Energy Performance of Lighting in Buildings

ISO 30061:2007(E)/CIE S 020/E:2007 Emergency Lighting

CIE S 015/E:2005 Lighting of outdoor work places

ISO 8995-1:2002(E)/CIE S 008/E:2001 Lighting of Work Places – Part 1: Indoor

There are others that we may track in the fullness of time.  Getting illumination technology right is subtle art.  The energy to drive normal, steady-state illumination usually consumes 25 to 40 percent of building energy but application of the art — which includes control — can reduce that.

We maintain CIE titles on our periodic Energy, Global, Interiors and Illumination colloquia.  See our CALENDAR for the next online meeting; open to everyone.

Yorkshire Dales


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Workspace / Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage

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