The Chemistry of Fireworks

  1. Home
    2. Page 2
Loading
loading...

The Chemistry of Fireworks

July 3, 2026
mike@standardsmichigan.com
, , , ,
No Comments

Readings / PYROTECHNIC ARTS & SCIENCES IN EUROPEAN HISTORY

Air Conditioning

July 2, 2026
mike@standardsmichigan.com
, ,
No Comments

Ancient Air Conditioning | CLICK ON IMAGE

Today at 15:00 UTC we will review the latest in best practice literature for air conditioning systems.  Note that we have broken out this topic from the standing Mechanical colloquia.  Our approach features interoperability and system considerations.  Catalogs on the agenda:

ACCA

Air Conditioning System Construction & Maintenance

Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute

Standards and Guides

ASHRAE International

Standard 90.1-2022—Energy Standard for Sites and Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings

Standard 90.4 Energy Standard for Data Centers

Acceptable Performance Standard for District Cooling Systems

ASME

Heating, Ventilating and Air-Conditioning Systems

European Standards

EN 14511 Specifies the requirements for air conditioners, liquid chilling packages, and heat pumps with electrically driven compressors.

IEEE

Occupant-Based HVAC Thermal Setpoints

International Code Council

International Building Code Interior Environment & HVAC Systems

International Mechanical Code Chapter 11 Refrigeration

NFPA

National Electrical Code Article 430: Motors, Motor Circuits and Motor Controllers

Standard for the Installation of Air-Conditioning and Ventilating Systems

Underwriters Laboratories (largely product standards, not embedded system nor interoperability titles)

Uptime Institute

Implementing Data Center Cooling Best Practices


Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page

University of Rochester Central Utilities Plant Absorption Chiller

Issues: [11-67, 15-124, 15-135, 15-165]

Category: Energy, Mechanical

Colleagues: Mike Anthony, Larry Spielvogel, Richard Robben

 

 

Refrigeration

July 2, 2026
mike@standardsmichigan.com
No Comments

Stony Brook University’s New Ultra-Low-Temp Walk-in Freezer Farm

Walk-in refrigerators play a crucial role in food preparation areas in education communities; residence halls, hospitals, research laboratories and large football stadium not the least of them: 

  1. Food Storage: They provide space for perishable foods, such as fruits, vegetables, meats, dairy products, and prepared dishes. They help maintain the freshness and quality of ingredients by keeping them at the appropriate temperature.
  2. Temperature Control: They allow precise temperature control, ensuring that food items are kept at the correct temperature to prevent spoilage and bacterial growth. Different shelves or zones within the refrigerator can be set to various temperatures to accommodate various types of food.
  3. Extended Storage: Compared to reach-in refrigerators or freezers, walk-ins offer a larger storage capacity. This is especially beneficial for residential kitchens that need to store bulk quantities of ingredients, prepared dishes, and food supplies.  
  4. Organization: Walk-in refrigerators are designed with shelving, racks, and storage options that enable proper organization of food items. This organization makes it easier for kitchen staff to access ingredients quickly during busy service times.
  5. Prep Space: In addition to storage, some walk-in refrigerators are equipped with prep tables or counters. This feature allows chefs and kitchen staff to work directly within the cold storage area, making it more convenient to prepare ingredients and assemble dishes.
  6. Energy Efficiency: Modern walk-in refrigerators are designed with energy-efficient features, including well-insulated panels and energy-efficient compressors, helping to reduce energy consumption and operating costs.
  7. Compliance with Regulations: Many health and safety regulations require commercial kitchens to store perishable foods at specific temperatures. Walk-in refrigerators are designed to meet these regulatory requirements.

ASHRAE 15 sets the standard of care for safe design, construction, installation and operation of refrigeration systems. It establishes safeguards for life, limb, health, and property and prescribes safety requirements.  This standard does not apply to refrigeration systems using ammonia (R-717) as the refrigerant.  (ASHRAE Standard 34-2022, Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants covers that domain.)

As of this posting we find only one markup on proposed changes to ASHRAE 15; that one having more to do with correlation with changes to the one of the ASME Boiler Code (a lower tier priority for us).

Proposed Addendum a to Standard 15-2022, Safety Standard for Refrigeration Systems

Consultation on that markup closes October 22, 2023.

 

Energy Standard for *Sites* and Buildings

Other ASHRAE committees post their consultations at the link below:

Online Standards Actions & Public Review Drafts

We maintain the ASHRAE catalog on the standing agenda of nearly every topic we cover every day.  See our CALENDAR.

Issue: [Various]

Category: Mechanical, Electrical, Energy Conservation, Facility Asset Management, US Department of Energy, #SmartCampus

Colleagues: Mike Anthony, Larry Spielvogel, Richard Robben

Bulletin Board

July 2, 2026
mike@standardsmichigan.com
No Comments

NIST | USPTO | ANSI | IEEE | ICC | ASTM | ASHRAE | UL | TIA | ASME | ASCE | AGA

Michigan Standards Developers : NSF | ACI | NETA | ASABE | HL7 | RIA | JCSEE | BIFMA | PJRFSI | SAE

Global: SA | BSA | NSAI | CSA | CEN & CENELEC | ISO & IEC*

 

APPA was founded at the University of Michigan| See our ABOUT

 

 

* ISO and IEC have opted out of the X-social media platforms.  FYI: X is 13 times the size of BlueSky in terms of scale and reach.

Allston District Energy

July 2, 2026
mike@standardsmichigan.com
,
No Comments

Leers Weinzapfel Associates: Complete Project Prospectus 2021

Harvard Capital Project Vitals

Standards Massachusetts

Mechanical 330

Rewind: District Energy

July 2, 2026
mike@standardsmichigan.com

No Comments

University of California Merced

Lucas Hyman is the co-author of “Sustainable On Site CHP Systems:  Design, Construction and Operations” published by McGraw-Hill 2010 ISBN 978-0-07-160317-1, Co-Editor Martin Meckler is a graduate of the University of Michigan.  Mike Anthony contributed Chapter 23 — Government Mission Critical – A combined FMECA and time value of money study on Critical Operations Power Systems.

Goss Engineering was one of the engineers for the University of California Merced; the first university campus with an energy infrastructure begun from “scratch”.  Here, Lucas offers his insight into the subtle energy economic trade-offs between centralized and de-centralized systems.

LEARN MORE:

Backgrounder from 2007 ASHRAE conference presentation by Goss Engineering: Designing Sustainable CHP Systems

Scouser District Energy

July 2, 2026
mike@standardsmichigan.com
, , ,
No Comments

Eurocodes

Energy Management Systems

Chicken Veggie Risotto

July 1, 2026
mike@standardsmichigan.com

No Comments

The Recipe

Cheesy Hamburger Skillet

July 1, 2026
mike@standardsmichigan.com
,
No Comments

Michigan Central

C

CLICK HERE FOR RECIPE

MSU’s Extension’s Beef Production program supports Michigan’s beef industry through research, education, and outreach to enhance producer profitability, sustainability, and quality of life. It focuses on key areas like nutrition, genetics, grazing management, health, reproduction, and economics. Notable efforts include advancing grass-fed beef systems, feedlot management, and beef x dairy crossbreeding.

Conducted at facilities such as the Lake City and Upper Peninsula Research Farms, the program offers workshops, resources (e.g., pricing tools, disease prevention guides), and youth education via 4-H market beef projects and family recipes.

Cowboy Coffee

July 1, 2026
mike@standardsmichigan.com
, , ,
No Comments

“We wish to suggest a structure

for the salt of deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA).

This structure has novel features

which are of considerable biological interest….”

James Watson | “Nature” April 1953

“The Valley of Wyoming” 1865 Jasper Cropsey

University of Wyoming 2021

This simple method preparing hot coffee evolved from open flame; out on the range.  The result is a strong, robust cup that retains grittiness due to the coarse grind and the absence of a filter. Cowboy coffee is more about utility and simplicity rather than precision and refinement, which aligns with the rugged and practical nature of cowboy life.  Here’s how it’s typically made:

Ingredients:

Coarsely ground coffee beans, water.

Equipment:

A pot (often a simple metal or enamel coffee pot), a heat source (campfire or portable stove), and a way to separate the grounds from the liquid (like pouring or using a fine mesh strainer).

Process:

Add coarsely ground coffee to the pot. The amount can vary based on personal preference, but it’s generally a couple of tablespoons of coffee per cup of water.

Add water to the pot. Again, the ratio of coffee to water can be adjusted based on taste preferences.

Place the pot on the heat source and bring it to a near-boil. Watch it carefully to avoid boiling over.

Once it’s heated, let it steep for a few minutes. Some cowboys might toss in a crushed eggshell to help settle the grounds.

Remove the pot from the heat and let it sit for a moment to allow the coffee grounds to settle.

Pour the coffee carefully to avoid pouring the grounds into your cup.

Locals swear by it:

“Cowboy coffee ain’t as easy as it looks. It takes some know-how to make it right.” – Unknown

“You can’t compromise with a cup of weak coffee.” – Cowboy Proverb

“There are only two things that a cowboy can’t do without – his horse and his coffee.” – Unknown

“A cowboy’s day starts with coffee and ends with whiskey.” – Unknown

“Life is too short for bad coffee.” – Unknown

“Cowboy coffee: where the grounds are meant to be chewed, not sipped.” – Unknown

Electric: Wyoming

"We were together. I forget the rest." -- Walt Whitman ('Leaves of Grass', 1855) "Everything I know is because of love" -- Leo Tolstoy

Wyoming

University of Alaska Ethnobotany: Bannock

 

Welcome

Standards Michigan Group, LLC

2723 South State Street | Suite 150
Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA

888-746-3670

DIRECTIONS

icon icon
icon icon
icon icon  
Layout mode
Predefined Skins
Custom Colors
Choose your skin color
Patterns Background
Images Background
Standards Michigan
error: Content is protected !!
Skip to content