Related:
The Case Against Income Tax Exemption for Nonprofits
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Artificial Intelligence Standards
U.S. Artificial Intelligence Safety Institute
The White House: ENSURING A NATIONAL POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
STDMi: OMB A119 & the NTAA: How ANSI accredited standards become federal law
ANSI Response to NIST “A Plan for Global Engagement on AI Standards”
On April 29, 2024 NIST released a draft plan for global engagement on AI standards.
Comments are due by June 2. More information is available here.
Request for Information Related to NIST’s Assignments
Under Sections 4.1, 4.5 and 11 of the Executive Order Concerning Artificial Intelligence
The National Institute of Standards and Technology seeks information to assist in carrying out several of its responsibilities under the Executive order on Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence issued on October 30, 2023. Among other things, the E.O. directs NIST to undertake an initiative for evaluating and auditing capabilities relating to Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies and to develop a variety of guidelines, including for conducting AI red-teaming tests to enable deployment of safe, secure, and trustworthy systems.
Regulations.GOV Filing: NIST-2023-0009-0001_content
Browse Posted Comments (72 as of February 2, 2024 | 12:00 EST)
Standards Michigan Public Comment
Attention Is All You Need | Authors: Ashish Vaswani et al. (2017). This groundbreaking paper introduced the Transformer architecture, replacing recurrent layers with self-attention mechanisms to enable parallelizable, efficient sequence modeling. It laid the foundational blueprint for all subsequent LLMs, revolutionizing natural language processing by capturing long-range dependencies without sequential processing.
BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding | Authors: Jacob Devlin et al. (2018). BERT pioneered bidirectional pre-training via masked language modeling, allowing models to understand context from both directions. As an encoder-only Transformer, it achieved state-of-the-art results on 11 NLP tasks and established the pre-training/fine-tuning paradigm that underpins bidirectional LLMs like those in search and classification.
Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Models | Authors: Jordan Hoffmann et al. (2022). Known as the Chinchilla paper, it revealed that optimal LLM performance requires balanced scaling of model size and data volume (e.g., 70B parameters trained on 1.4T tokens outperform larger models with less data). This shifted research toward data-efficient training, influencing efficient LLM development.
Did you know? If you’ve seen clocks advertised to consumers as “atomic clocks,” those are actually listening to NIST radio stations’ time signals so they can count the seconds accurately. pic.twitter.com/hTTO0smikl
— National Institute of Standards and Technology (@NIST) January 31, 2024
2029 National Electrical Code Panel 2
2023 CMP-2 Public Input Report – 823 Pages
PDF Page 8: “Demonstrated Load” (STDMi proposal)
PDF Page 570: Outlets for educational occupancies (STDMi comment)
PDF Page 52: Demand factors for schools (Definition of schools/colleges should correlate with ICC and ASHRAE occupancies — our historical claim and proposals).
PDF Page 539: “Meeting rooms” should recognize school occupancies according to ICC.
2023 CMP-2 Public Comment Report
PDF Page 70: Looks like an upward rounding “error” on the lighting power density table.
PDF Page 171: Bi-directional GFCI comment from Lawrence Livermore Laboratories
Related:
NFPA and Mike Holt Enterprises Collaborate on 2026 NEC Changes Book
Schneider Electric: Changes to 2026 NEC
The University of Michigan has supported the voice of the United States education facility industry since 1993 — the second longest tenure of any voice in the United States. That voice has survived several organizational changes but remains intact and will continue its Safer-Simpler-Lower Cost-Longer Lasting advocacy on Code Panel 3 in the 2029 Edition.
Today, during our customary “Open Door” teleconference we will examine the technical concepts under the purview of Code Panel 1; among them:
Article 206 Signaling Circuits
Article 300 General Requirements for Wiring Methods and Materials
Article 590 Temporary Installations
Chapter 7 Specific Conditions for Information Technology
Chapter 9 Conductor Properties Tables
Public Input on the 2029 Edition will be received until April 9, 2026.
Campus Child Day Care
“The concentration of a small child at play
is analogous to the concentration of the artist at work.”
§
Page 522/523: 305.2 Group E, day care facilities for five or fewer children.
Page 624: Group E Security
Page 1440: Storm Shelters
§
Today at the usual hour we review a selection of global building codes and standards that guide best practice for safety, accessibility, and functionality for day care facilities; with special interest in the possibilities for co-locating square footage into the (typically) lavish unused space in higher education facilities.
Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.
International Building Code
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- Governs overall building construction, fire safety, occupancy classification, and egress requirements for daycare centers.
International Fire Code
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- Regulates fire prevention measures, emergency exits, fire alarms, sprinkler systems, and evacuation protocols for daycare centers.
National Fire Protection Association
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- NFPA 101 – Life Safety Code: Addresses occupancy classification, means of egress, fire safety, and emergency planning.
- NFPA 5000 – Building Construction and Safety Code: Provides fire protection and structural safety guidelines.
Americans with Disabilities Act
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- Requires daycare centers to be accessible for children and parents with disabilities, covering entrances, bathrooms, play areas, and signage.
European Norms – CEN Standards
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- EN 1176 – Playground Equipment and Safety Requirements: Covers safety standards for daycare playgrounds and outdoor spaces.
- EN 16890 – Safety Requirements for Mattresses in Children’s Products.
British Standards (BS) for Early Years Facilities
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- BS 8300: Accessibility requirements for childcare facilities.
- BS 9999: Fire safety guidance for daycare and educational buildings.
Australian Building Code & National Construction Code
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- Covers fire safety, structural integrity, ventilation, and child safety measures for daycare centers.
ISO 45001 – Occupational Health and Safety Management
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- Establishes safety requirements for employees working in daycare facilities, ensuring a safe environment for both children and staff.
Canadian Building Code & Fire Code (NBC & NFC)
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- Provides structural, fire safety, and child safety guidelines for daycare centers in Canada.
“Kindergarten” 1885 Johann Sperl
“A Group of Children Playing the Game ‘Oranges and Lemons’ in a Domestic Interior”
Harry Brooker (1848-1940)https://t.co/YpxsSUf8nV pic.twitter.com/kjhgJvYxPs— Standards Michigan (@StandardsMich) February 24, 2025
Nursing Standards
Florence Nightengale: The Lady with the Lamp
Today we review the codes and standards that apply to the instructional and research facilities that support nursing science and practice. There is no single organization with a best practice catalog as there are in other disciplines we follow. Best practice is inspired by the inherited wisdom of practitioners, faculty and students who work alongside other members of healthcare provider teams.
Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.
Design and Implementation of a Nursing Robot for Old or Paralyzed Person
Nurses Day 2024 is around the corner. Your professional care is an essential pillar of our health system’s sustainability and growth. Thank you, nurses, for your unparalleled dedication and impact💪 https://t.co/pA7nJgiMnW#NursesDay2024 #BNAPride #CarePower pic.twitter.com/VVkvGuuXtj
— BNA UK (@britishnursing) March 15, 2024
Child Day Care
Group B Proposed Changes to the 2024 Editions Complete Monograph (2650 pages)
For today’s session note the proposals listed below:
ADM1-25 Part I (p. 61)
G39-25 Part I (p. 522)
G40-25 Part I (p. 527)
G39-25 Part II (p. 535)
G144-25 (p. 740)
EB7-25 (p. 1438)
Z1-25 (p. 2582)
Link to April Committee Action Hearing Videos
2024 Complete Change Monograph (2658 Pages)
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“Kindergarten” c. 1885 | Johann Sperl
Safety and sustainability for any facility begins with an understanding of who shall occupy the built environment and how. University settings, with mixed-use phenomenon arising spontaneously and temporarily, often present challenges. Educational communities are a convergent settings for families; day care facilities among them. First principles regarding occupancy classifications for day care facilities appear in Section 308 of the International Building Code, Institutional Group I; linked below:
2018 International Building Code Section 308 Institutional Group I-4 (Superseded in some jurisdictions)
The ICC Institutional Group I-4 classification includes buildings and structures occupied by more than five persons of any age who received custodial care for fewer than 24 hours per day by persons other than parents or guardian, relatives by blood, marriage or adoption, and in a place other than the home of the person cared far. This group includes both adult and child day care.
We maintain focus on child day care. Many educational communities operate child day care enterprises for both academic study and/or as auxiliary (university employee benefit) enterprises.
Princeton University Child Care Center
Each of the International Code Council code development groups fetch back to a shared understanding of the nature of the facility; character of its occupants and prospective usage patterns.
The 2024 revision of the International Building code is in production now. Ahead of the formal, market release of the Group A tranche of titles you can sample the safety concepts in play during this revision with an examination of the documents linked below:
2019 GROUP B PROPOSED CHANGES TO THE I-CODES ALBUQUERQUE COMMITTEE ACTION HEARINGS
2019 REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ACTION HEARINGS ON THE 2018 EDITIONS OF THE GROUP B INTERNATIONAL CODES
Search on the terms “day care” and “daycare” in the link at the top of this page to get a sample of the prevailing concepts; use of such facilities as storm shelters, for example.
“The Country School” | Winslow Homer
We encourage our safety and sustainability colleagues to participate directly in the ICC Code Development process. We slice horizontally through the disciplinary silos (“incumbent verticals”) created by hundreds of consensus product developers every week and we can say, upon considerable authority that the ICC consensus product development environment is one of the best in the world. Privately developed standards (for use by public agencies) is a far better way to discover and promulgate leading practice than originating technical specifics from legislative bodies. CLICK HERE to get started. Contact Kimberly Paarlberg (kpaarlberg@iccsafe.org) for more information.
There are competitor consensus products in this space — Chapter 18 Day-Care Occupancies in NFPA 5000 Building Construction and Safety Code, for example; a title we maintain the standing agenda of our Model Building Code teleconferences. It is developed from a different pool of expertise under a different due process regime. See our CALENDAR for the next online meeting; open to everyone.
Issue: [18-166]
Category: Architectural, Healthcare Facilities, Facility Asset Management
Colleagues: Mike Anthony, Jim Harvey, Richard Robben
Recent concepts in play in transcripts:
- Tempered water for public hand-washing facilities
- Walking surfaces
- Exit signage for non-resident, non-English speaking children
- Fire rating of corridors
- Bathing privacy concepts
- Water heater controls and monitoring; mixing valves
LEARN MORE:
cdpACCESS Hearing Video Streaming Service
Sacred Spaces
“We need the sense of the sacred, and the sense that things transcend our grasp.
We need to know that we are dependent on others,
and that the condition of our existence is the existence of others.”
“View of Eton College Chapel” 1834 William Ingalton
The founding of many education communities is inspired by faith communities. In many of them the place of worship was the very first building. College and university chapels are central places of worship for students, staff and faculty, and provide a space for solitude and reflection. A place for feeling at home in the world.
International Building Code | Section 303.4 Assembly Group A-3
There are several hundred technical standards, or parts of standards, that govern how churches and chapels are made safe and sustainable. Owing to innovations in construction, operation and management methods, those standards move, ever so slightly, on a near-daily basis. They are highly interdependent; confounded by county-level adaptations; and impossible to harmonize by adoption cycle. That movement tracked here as best we can within the limit of our resources and priorities. That’s why it’s best to simply click into our daily colloquia if you have a question or need guidance.
Lights are on in the little Baptist parsonage tonight. pic.twitter.com/RK4W6kjug5
— NYFarmer (@NYFarmer) June 7, 2025
Today is the Feast of Corpus Christi.
The 13th century Eucharistic chant of Ave verum corpus was set to music by Mozart in 1791 to be sung especially to celebrate the feast day.
Here I sing it in the historic chapel of Launde Abbey. #History pic.twitter.com/frkUFkPHVj
— Katie Marshall (@KatieHistory) June 11, 2023
Maps of Meaning: The Architecture of Belief | Jordan Peterson, Douglas Murray, Sam Harris
Taylor University | Grant County Indiana
The image criteria of our WordPress theme does not permit many images of college and university chapels to be shown fully-dimensioned on sliders or widget galleries. We reproduce a few of the outsized images here and leave the complexities of financing, designing, building and maintaining of them in a safe and sustainable manner for another day. CLICK HERE for the links to our Sacred Space Standards workspace.
Click on any image for author attribution, photo credit or other information*.
Orchard Lake Schools | Oakland County Michigan
Saint Leo University | Pasco County Florida
In the sun-dappled chapel, all 155 new families were welcomed to the start of their Denstone journey. #ItStartsHere pic.twitter.com/veefqSVBGG
— Head | Denstone College (@DenstoneHead) September 3, 2023
Newman University Chapel Dublin
I believe in Christianity as I believe that the sun has risen:
not only because I see it, but because by it I see everything else.
— C.S. Lewis
Vilnius University
Mount St. Joseph University | Hamilton County Ohio
The “Dark Ages” produced the most divine vessels of light ever built.
Sainte-Chapelle:pic.twitter.com/B2lPLtWEVx
— Culture Critic (@Culture_Crit) February 12, 2024
Sainte-Chapelle:pic.twitter.com/B2lPLtWEVx
— Culture Critic (@Culture_Crit) February 12, 2024
Marian University Indianapolis
Wittenberg University
Károli Gáspár Református Egyetem
University of San Diego
Augustana University | Minnehaha County South Dakota
Bucknell University Pennsylvania
Carroll College All Saints Chapel Montana
Marquette University Wisconsin
Saint Louis University Missouri
University of St. Thomas Minnesota
Keuka College New York
جامعة الأزهر (الشريف)
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
University of Chicago
Thomas Aquinas College California
St. Albans School | District of Columbia
Princeton University
Yale University
Harvard University
Piula Theological College Samoa
Universität zu Lübeck
Wycliffe College
Universitat de Barcelona
Hillsdale College
Liberty University
Gordon College
Colorado University Denver
Walla Walla University / Washington
University of the Incarnate Word / San Antonio, Texas
Pepperdine University / California
University of Kentucky
Loyola Marymount University / Los Angeles, California
Lourdes University
Seton Hall University
Durlston Court Prep School Chapel
Colorado University Denver
Luther College at the University of Regina / Saskatchewan, Canada
계명대학교 / Keimyung University Chapel, South Korea
U.S. Coast Guard Memorial Chapel | New London, Connecticut
Saint John’s University | Photo by Paul Middlestaedt
Trinity College / Hartford, Connecticut
Georgetown University Chapel | Washington, D.C.
Kings College Chapel | Auckland, New Zealand
Brigham Young University / Idaho
Newman University Church / Dublin
Our Lady of the Lake University / San Antonio, Texas
Southern Methodist University | Dallas, Texas
St. John’s College Oxford
United States Naval Academy Chapel
Wellington College Chapel
Fitzwilliam College Chapel Cambridge
Sorbonne Université
West Point | US Army Cadet Chapel
Hebrew Union College
Tuskegee University Chapel
The Spring Hill College Chapel | Mobile, Alabama
Boston University
University of Tennessee at Chattangooga
Wake Forest University
Auburn University Chapel
Davis & Elkins College
University of Tulsa
Randolph College Chapel
Sewanee | The University of the South
King’s College Chapel | University of Cambridge
Hope College | Holland, Michigan
Duke University | Durham, North Carolina
Christ’s Chapel | Hillsdale College, Michigan
Basilica of the Sacred Heart | University of Notre Dame | South Bend, Indiana
Three Faith Chapels | Brandeis University
University of Wroclaw | Jesuit College | Wrocław, Poland
Alma College Chapel | Alma, Michigan
Stanford Memorial Church | Palo Alto, California
Universidad Adventista Templo | Buenos Aires, Argentina
St. Thomas of Villanova University Chapel | Villanova, Pennsylvania
St. Paul’s Chapel | Columbia University | New York City
Scotch College Chapel | Melbourne, Australia
Princeton University Chapel
United States Air Force Cadet Chapel | Colorado Springs
Chapelle Sainte-Ursule de la Sorbonne | Paris
Memorial Chapel | Glasgow University | Glasgow, Scotland
Alice Millar Chapel | Northwestern University
Bowdoin College Chapel | Brunswick, Maine
Loyola University Chapel | Madonna della Strada Chicago
Heinz Memorial Chapel | University of Pittsburgh
Madonna University Chapel | Livonia, Michigan
Vassar College Chapel | Poughkeepsie, New York
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Student Chapel | Cambridge, Massachusetts
St. Ignatius Church | University of San Francisco
Church of the Resurrection | Valparaiso University | Valparaiso, Indiana
Baughman Center | University of Florida
Exeter College Chapel | Oxford University
More coming.
*404 ERRORS and Page Not Found messages are common as webmasters move content.
More
CLICK HERE for bibliography
Potato Latkes & Sufganiyot
Financial Position $1.417B (Page 16) | Campus Master Plan 2025-2035 | Revenue Bonds
Traditional Hanukkah foods (Spoon University) are often fried or cooked in oil, symbolizing the miracle of the oil that lasted eight days in the rededication of the Second Temple in Jerusalem.
Latkes (Potato Pancakes): Grated potatoes mixed with onions, eggs, and flour, then fried until crispy. They are often served with applesauce or sour cream.
Sufganiyot (Jelly-filled Doughnuts): Deep-fried doughnuts filled with jelly or custard and dusted with powdered sugar. They represent the oil that miraculously burned for eight days.
Brisket: Slow-cooked beef brisket is a popular main course for Hanukkah dinners.
Applesauce: Often served as a topping for latkes or as a side dish.
Matzo Ball Soup: While traditionally associated with Passover, some families also serve matzo ball soup during Hanukkah. It consists of light, fluffy dumplings made from matzo meal in a chicken broth.
Kugel: A baked casserole dish that can be sweet or savory, made with noodles, potatoes, or other ingredients.
Chocolate Gelt: Chocolate coins wrapped in gold or silver foil, often used in the game of dreidel.
Dreidel Cookies: Cookies shaped like the spinning top used in the traditional Hanukkah game of dreidel.
Cheese: In reference to the story of Judith, who is said to have fed cheese to an enemy general to make him thirsty and then gave him wine to make him drunk.
time to lock in, Knights 🔒
Good luck on finals! 🫶 pic.twitter.com/RdAT9Ug2e0
— UCF (@UCF) December 2, 2024
First Snow
Estopinal College of Architecture and Planning
“Everyone begins as a child by liking Weather. You learn the art of disliking it as you grow up. Noticed it on a snowy day? The grown-ups are all going about groaning and saying it is ‘dreadful’ and they are nearly always worrying about some awful thing or other happening because of the snow. But the children? They are out in it, throwing snowballs, building snowmen, sliding down slopes on toboggans—having a marvelous time.” — C.S. Lewis (‘That Hideous Strength – A Modern Fairy Tale for Grownups, 1945)
New update alert! The 2022 update to the Trademark Assignment Dataset is now available online. Find 1.29 million trademark assignments, involving 2.28 million unique trademark properties issued by the USPTO between March 1952 and January 2023: https://t.co/njrDAbSpwB pic.twitter.com/GkAXrHoQ9T
— USPTO (@uspto) July 13, 2023
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