Standards February: Discovery & Invention

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Standards February: Discovery & Invention

February 29, 2024
mike@standardsmichigan.com

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“Science advances one funeral at a time”
— Max Planck

you shall above all things be glad and young For if you're young,whatever life you wear it will become you;and if you are glad whatever's living will yourself become. - e. e. cummingsCareer & Technical Education Month | #CTEMonth

Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica | 1686 Sir Issaac Newton

A Mathematical Theory of Communication | 1948 Claude E. Shannon (University of Michigan)

Image: Christopher Newport University

1955 Polio Vaccine: Jonas Salk (University of Michigan)

Reflections / John Nash

The Future of Cosmology | Roger Penrose

A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid | James Watson & Francis Crick

Quantum Information Science


Sir Isaac Newton’s Principia: Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy

“One teacher even failed me in Chemistry” Tomas Lindahl

Discovery of Receptors for Temperature and Touch

Speculative Prices, Inflation & Behavioral Economics


The fundamental concept in social science is Power, in the same sense in which Energy is the fundamental concept in physics. - Bertrand Russell

Time Series Analysis, Cointegration and Applications


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Steam Engine: The invention of the steam engine in the 18th century by pioneers like James Watt revolutionized industry, transportation, and agriculture, powering factories, locomotives, and ships and driving the Industrial Revolution.

The Internal Combustion Engine: The development of the internal combustion engine in the 19th century revolutionized transportation and manufacturing, leading to the proliferation of automobiles, airplanes, and machinery that powered economic growth and globalization.

The Internet: Originating from research projects in the late 20th century, the internet has become a fundamental infrastructure for communication, commerce, education, and entertainment, connecting billions of people worldwide and enabling unprecedented access to information and resources.

Semiconductors and Integrated Circuits: The invention of semiconductors and integrated circuits in the mid-20th century paved the way for the digital revolution, enabling the miniaturization and mass production of electronic devices such as computers, smartphones, and microprocessors.

Agriculture: The transition from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to settled agriculture marked the beginning of civilization and allowed for the development of permanent settlements, leading to population growth, specialization of labor, and the emergence of complex societies.

The Wheel: Invented around 3500 BCE, the wheel revolutionized transportation, enabling the movement of goods and people over long distances and laying the foundation for subsequent advancements in engineering and machinery.

Writing: The development of writing systems, such as cuneiform in Mesopotamia and hieroglyphs in Egypt, facilitated the recording and dissemination of information, contributing to the preservation of knowledge, governance, and cultural expression.

Martingale Representation Theorem

Time Synchronization of Medium Voltage Substations

February 29, 2024
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Time Synchronization of Medium Voltage Substation IEDs Using Modbus and Python

Joseph Owusu, et. al

 

Abstract:  Energy demand and supply all over the world is increasing in size and complexity. Anomalous conditions caused by failures in electrical components, human errors and environmental conditions result in electrical faults that can interrupt electricity flow. Substation automation requires precise time synchronization for a variety of Intelligent Electronic Devices for fault diagnosis. The quest for accurate and sequential time stamping of events compels power utility companies to adopt various techniques of time synchronization with an accuracy of a millisecond or a microsecond. Some works adopt the use of time synchronization techniques using protocols such as Network Time Protocol, Precision Time protocol, Simple Network Time Protocol and many more. This work presents time synchronization of IEDs using Modbus protocol and python programming language for a local substation. The system records the output data into a database and displays it on an application software. The time synchronization system was successful alternative for off network systems.

 

Related:

Time Synchronization in the Electric Power System

Ingress

February 28, 2024
mike@standardsmichigan.com
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We have shouted from the mountaintops — beginning in the 2002 National Electrical Code and later in the International Building Code — that “ingress” concepts (the opposite of the canonical term “egress”; meaning the way INTO a building during an emergency) should become part of the vocabulary when exploring best practice concepts for security in education settlements.

Alas, so far without success.  Evidently, the term “ingress” has been appropriated by a variant — accessibility — which re-directs the discussion toward the American with Disabilities Act?

What about people who are not disabled who seek to enter a building?

We cite a 1981 study, sponsored by what is now the National Institute of Standards and Technology — Crowd ingress to Places of Assembly: Summary and Proceedings of an Experts’ Workshop –– to enlighten understanding how ingress is different from the term access.

We maintain this topic on all of our Security related colloquia; hosted on days that appear on our CALENDAR.  Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.

Entrance door to Standards Michigan Ann Arbor office

Means of Egress

 

 

Chicken and Dumplings

February 26, 2024
mike@standardsmichigan.com

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Standards Wyoming

Appetite for Knowledge

Cozy Chicken and Dumplings

I-Codes

February 26, 2024
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Hephaestus: God of Fire, Metalwork, and Building

Today we survey the broad sweep of the International Code Council catalog of best practice titles; incorporated by reference into public safety regulations in most of the United States.  This session will be a “survey” and “organizational” session when we limit detail and simply identify priority titles and the technical specifics in play over the next twelve months.

Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.

2024/2025/2026 International Code Council Code Development Schedule

Complete Monographs (To be posted soon)

International Green Construction Code: Definitions

International Fire Code

Storm Shelters

Hammurabi

International Energy Conservation Code

Sport Occupancies

International Mechanical Code

Higher Education Laboratories

Interior Finishes

Morning Shower

International Building Code | Electrical

Day Care

Stadium & Arena Structural Engineering

Off-Site Construction

K-TAG Matrix for Healthcare Facilities

 

FinTech 100

February 25, 2024
mike@standardsmichigan.com

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“The most important role of technology is to create time.

Information technology epitomizes this role.

And wealth creation is ultimately about time,

freeing human time from labor.”

— George Gilder

L’italiano Luca Pacioli, riconosciuto come “Il padre della contabilità e della contabilità” è stato il primo a pubblicare un’opera sulla partita doppia, e ha introdotto il campo in Italia.

 

“Hatred of the rich is the

beginning of all wisdom” 

— H.L. Mencken

 

Today we break down the literature that informs the finances of the real assets of education settlements.   We examine a few publicly available university annual budget documents and, lately, have been looking ahead at innovation in distributed ledger solutions, digital currencies and blue sky conceptions of a circular economy which has captured the imagination of trendsniffers in every nation.

Since our 2016 estimate of $300 billion — triangulated from several private and public databases; the number that measures construction spend coupled with operations and maintenance — a fair estimate of growth is likely closer to  $500 billion now.  Based upon the US Census Bureau monthly construction spend reports we have seen a slight uptick in construction spend. We still see construction activity running at an $85-$90 billion clip.

Ædificare

During 2023-2024 we will be breaking down this subject into manageable segments as interest in it clarifies.  For now it is enlightening to approach finance standards with an examination of a few operating budgets:

San Jose State University 2022/2023 SJSU Budget Report

University of Minnesota 2022 Final Capital Budget Requests with Governor’s Recommendations

The 2022-2023 Budget: Overview of the Governor’s Higher Education Budget Proposals (California)

Prince George County Public Schools Operating Budget 2022 

University of Illinois Deferred Maintenance 

Central Michigan University Capital & Deferred Maintenance Budgets

Every dollar passing through the business or academic side of the education industry has rules for how it is received and tracked.*   At the moment we track, but do not dwell, on the grant management standards asserted by state and federal funding agencies.  When we do, we place them on the agenda of the appropriate colloquium.

Appropriate use of public funding underlies some — but not all — of the accounting burden of the education industry. We steer clear of the grant management requirements public funding agencies place upon the education industry; maintain focus on the titles developed and published by organizations that have a due process platform.  For example:

Accredited Standards Committee X9

Financial Industry Standards: Program of Work

Preparing for the Quantum Era

Open-IX Association

Data Center OIX-2 Certification

Sustainability Accounting Standards Board

X12 Incorporated

There are several trackworthy non-ANSI accredited standard developing organizations:

Sustainability Accounting Standards Board

FASB/GASB

Public Consultation of Implementation (This statement fairly compares with ANSI’s Due Process Guidance.   Comments due January 20, 2023)

Real Estate Information Standards Board

Kuznets curve

 

Send bella@standardsmichigan.com an email for a detailed advance agenda.  To join the colloquium today use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.

“De armen en het geld” 1882 Vincent van Gogh

Schenkingen


More:

Community FY22 Appropriations Request Letterdocx

PFN_InfraInvLtr_June 2021

Letter-Tax-Provisions-American-Jobs-Families-Plans-061421

Half the people working in schools aren’t classroom teachers—so what?

CLICK ON IMAGE FOR DOWNLOAD


Syllabus: Fintech 100

*Electronic Code of Federal Regulations

Beauty in a World of Ugliness

February 25, 2024
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US Law Schools Consider Eliminating US Constitution Law Class Requirement

February 24, 2024
mike@standardsmichigan.com
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Hosanna to the Son of David

February 24, 2024
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Matthew 21:1-11 recounts the events of Palm Sunday, the triumphal entry of Jesus into Jerusalem:

1 As they approached Jerusalem and came to Bethphage on the Mount of Olives, Jesus sent two disciples, 2 saying to them, “Go to the village ahead of you, and at once you will find a donkey tied there, with her colt by her. Untie them and bring them to me. 3 If anyone says anything to you, say that the Lord needs them, and he will send them right away.”

4 This took place to fulfill what was spoken through the prophet: 5 “Say to Daughter Zion, ‘See, your king comes to you, gentle and riding on a donkey, and on a colt, the foal of a donkey.'”

6 The disciples went and did as Jesus had instructed them. 7 They brought the donkey and the colt and placed their cloaks on them for Jesus to sit on. 8 A very large crowd spread their cloaks on the road, while others cut branches from the trees and spread them on the road. 9 The crowds that went ahead of him and those that followed shouted, “Hosanna to the Son of David!” “Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord!” “Hosanna in the highest heaven!”

10 When Jesus entered Jerusalem, the whole city was stirred and asked, “Who is this?”

11 The crowds answered, “This is Jesus, the prophet from Nazareth in Galilee.”

The term “Hosanna” originates from Hebrew and is often translated as “Save, we pray” or “Save us, we pray.” It is an expression of adoration, praise, and supplication.  It’s origins lie in the events of Palm Sunday, which commemorates Jesus Christ’s triumphant entry into Jerusalem. According to the Gospels, Jesus rode into Jerusalem on a donkey while crowds of people laid palm branches and their cloaks on the road, shouting “Hosanna to the Son of David! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord! Hosanna in the highest heaven!”

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