Newcastle University, founded in 1834 as the School of Medicine and Surgery, evolved into a university in 1963. Its origins are intertwined with the advancement of medical education in Newcastle. Like many European universities its main “campus’ is integrated into the heart of the city.
Buttermilk is a tangy, dairy-based liquid often used in cooking and baking. It’s traditionally a byproduct of churning butter, but modern buttermilk is typically made by adding lactic acid bacteria to low-fat milk. This bacterial fermentation imparts its characteristic sour flavor and thickens the milk.
Buttermilk provides a pleasant acidity and moisture to recipes, especially in pancakes, biscuits, and marinades. It also aids in leavening, making baked goods rise. Additionally, buttermilk can be enjoyed as a refreshing drink on its own or blended with other ingredients for beverages and dressings, lending a delightful, tart quality.
School Lunch Milk
There is no single international standard for buttermilk, as its composition and characteristics can vary from one region to another.
ISO standards help ensure the quality, safety, and consistency of these products in international trade. Some ISO standards related to milk and dairy products include:
ISO 7886-1:2005 – Milk and milk products — Determination of the protein content — Part 1: Test at 0.020 specific density (Reference method)
ISO 1053:2006 – Milk — Enumeration of somatic cells
ISO 21415-1:2006 – Milk — Enumeration of psychrotrophic microorganisms — Part 1: Colony-count technique at 6.5 degrees C
ISO 11816-1:2013 – Milk — Determination of milkfat, protein, and lactose content — Part 1: Guidance on the operation of mid-infrared instruments
These standards cover various aspects of milk quality, testing methods, and safety parameters. Dairy products, including milk, undergo strict quality control and testing to ensure they meet the required standards for international trade and consumer safety.
Observed the fourth Sunday of Lent, known as Laetare Sunday, a day when the strict fasting rules of Lent are traditionally relaxed. The name referred to the practice of returning to one’s “mother church”—the main church or cathedral of the region—for a special service. Over time, this evolved into a day when people, especially young servants and apprentices working away from home, were given time off to visit their families and attend their home parish church and sharing Simnel Cake.
Homage to Salvador Dalí’s famous painting “The Persistence of Memory (1931)”
The time shift results in sunrise and sunset occurring approximately one hour later on the clock than the day before, providing more daylight in the evening and less in the morning.
Start Date: Daylight Saving Time begins on Sunday, March 9, 2025. This is the second Sunday in March, following the schedule established by theEnergy Policy Act of 2005.
Time Change: At 2:00 a.m. local standard time, clocks are set forward one hour to 3:00 a.m. local daylight time. This is often referred to as “springing forward.”
Geographic Scope: Most of the United States observes DST, except for Hawaii and most of Arizona (with the exception of the Navajo Nation, which does observe DST). U.S. territories such as American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands do not participate in DST.
Legal Basis: The rules are governed by the Uniform Time Act of 1966, as amended by the Energy Policy Act of 2005. The U.S. Department of Transportation oversees the implementation, while states and territories have the option to opt out of DST but cannot independently choose to make it permanent without federal approval.
“Time After Time (Cindy Lauper Cover) | University of Delaware
University of Wisconsin Eau Clair
The U.S. power grid operates on a synchronized frequency of 60 Hz, maintained across three major interconnections: Eastern, Western, and Texas. During the Daylight Saving Time (DST) switch—typically at 2:00 AM local time on the second Sunday in March (spring forward) or the first Sunday in November (fall back)—the grid’s synchronization is unaffected because it relies on Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), not local time. Grid operators, coordinated by entities like the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC), ensure frequency stability through automatic generation control (AGC) systems, which adjust power output to match demand in real time.
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The DST shift doesn’t disrupt this process. When clocks spring forward (e.g., 2:00 AM becomes 3:00 AM), demand may briefly drop as human activity adjusts, but AGC systems respond instantly, balancing generation and load. In the fall, when clocks fall back (e.g., 2:00 AM repeats), a temporary demand spike might occur, but the grid’s inertial stability—provided by large rotating generators—and real-time monitoring prevent desynchronization. Operators may pre-schedule minor adjustments, but the system’s design, rooted in UTC-based frequency regulation, ensures seamless operation. Thus, while local time shifts, the grid’s 60 Hz hum remains steady across the transition.
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