Fish and Chips and the British Working Class

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Fish and Chips and the British Working Class

December 1, 2025
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“Fish and Chips” | Fred Laidler (1918–1988)

Fish and Chips and the British Working Class, 1870-1930

“Fish and chips was in many ways the pioneer fast-food industry.  It became an essential component of working-class diet and popular culture in parts of London, and over wide areas of industrial midland and northern England and southern Scotland, in the early decades of the twentieth century…I propose to argue that the fish and chip trade was not only important enough in itself to justify sustained historical analysis, but also that it provides a useful vantage point for examining important changes in British society more generally.”

— John Walken, 1998, Journal of Social History

Baked Potato Strips

December 1, 2025
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Recipe Guide

Maine Major Capital School Construction Programs | Maine Farm Safety Programs

Maine Extension Homemakers Newsletter, January-February-March 2025


Radio Machias WUUM 91.1 MHz FM

Maine



Flat White

December 1, 2025
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Department of Education

Education Export Income*

 

“This is the story of how Italian sugar growers in the Sunshine State are said to have inspired

the “invention” of the flat white – a drink that would go on to become a global sensation. 

 — Garritt Van Dyk – Lecturer at the School of Humanities, Creative Industries and Social Sciences

Two cups of espresso sitting on saucers

* Approximate Order of Magnitude Estimates: International student fees account for approximately 25–27% of total Australian university revenue. In 2024, this equated to A$12.33 billion out of A$45.17 billion in gross revenue across 42 universities. The vast majority of these international students come from Asia (particularly China, India, Nepal, Vietnam, and other nearby countries), which consistently represent over 90% of international enrolments in higher education. Sources indicate most are from Asian countries, with top sources alone (China ~23%, India ~17%, Nepal ~8%, etc.) comprising well over half, and historical figures showing ~80–90% from Asia overall.
§


Sinterklaas Koffie

December 1, 2025
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Nederland | Koninklijk Nederlands Normalisatie Instituut | NEN 1010 (IEC 60364)

An “gezelligheid” moment on the evening of December 5th (Sinterklaasavond). Adults gather after children go to bed with gifts (remember children?), enjoying strong coffee generously laced with genever or another jenever-like spirit, often spiced with cinnamon or anise. Sometimes topped with whipped cream, it warms the festive mood while singing traditional Sinterklaas songs and sharing stories of Sint and his Zwarte Pieten who arrive on a boat from Spain.

Readings:

The Heritage Foundation: Interview with Dutch Scholars on Marriage

10 Tampa Bay

December 1, 2025
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Lakeland Florida high school offers free clothes and laundry facilities. Expansion of this concept to Saturdays for all students in the district would contribute to greater utilization of square footage that is normally unused. It may also lower energy cost and contribute to “family feeling” in the district.

Standards Florida

Schools install laundry facilities to help students in need, improve attendance

Peppermint Coffee

December 1, 2025
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“It’s Time To Tell You EVERYTHING…” | Victor Davis Hanson

 

“Established in 1956, National University of Natural Medicine is the oldest accredited naturopathic medical university in North America and a leader in natural medicine education and evidence-based research. As one of the most respected universities of natural medicine in the world, our participation in international medical education and research is routinely solicited. We believe in the healing power of nature, and that food is medicine.”

Peppermint, scientifically known as Mentha × piperita, is a hybrid mint, a cross between watermint (Mentha aquatica) and spearmint (Mentha spicata). It belongs to the Lamiaceae family, which also includes other aromatic herbs like basil, rosemary, and lavender. Here are some key scientific points about peppermint:

Botanical Classification: Lamiaceae

Characteristics: Peppermint is a herbaceous perennial plant known for its distinctive minty aroma and flavor. It has square-shaped stems, serrated leaves, and produces small purple or white flowers in spikes.

Chemical Composition: The characteristic flavor and scent of peppermint are attributed to its essential oil, which contains menthol as a major component. Other compounds found in peppermint oil include menthone, menthyl acetate, and various terpenoids.

Cultivation: Peppermint is a hardy plant and is known to grow well in a variety of climates. It is often cultivated for commercial purposes, both for its culinary use and the extraction of essential oils.

Peppermint has been adapted for pharmaceutical and cosmetic purposes. Its essential oil is extracted for use in aromatherapy, and peppermint tea is a common herbal infusion enjoyed for both its taste and potential health benefits.

Bastyr University: Herbal Science Program

University of California Berkely Jepson Herbaria

Maryland University Integrative Health: Herbal Medicine

Coffee & Tea Standards

“The Coffee House Orator” 1880 | Edgar Bundy

Why Can No One Think Rationally Anymore? – George Mack

 

Gingerbread Latte

December 1, 2025
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Michigan West

ProPublica Nonprofit Explorer: Davenport University, Kent County Michigan

Davenport University Facilities

Self Reliance: Ralph Waldo Emerson

“Self-Reliance” by Ralph Waldo Emerson is an essay that emphasizes individualism, nonconformity, and the importance of trusting one’s own instincts. Here are some passages from this influential accomplishment that informs American culture:

“Trust thyself: every heart vibrates to that iron string.”

” A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by little statesmen and philosophers and divines.”

“To be great is to be misunderstood.”

“Whoso would be a man must be a nonconformist.”

“Nothing can bring you peace but yourself. Nothing can bring you peace but the triumph of principles.”

These excerpts capture the essence of Emerson’s philosophy in “Self-Reliance,” promoting the idea of individualism, self-trust, and the pursuit of one’s unique path in life. 

We have avoided listing interpretations offered by artificial intelligence algorithms because those algorithms are informed by at least one-hundred years of biased interpretation by scholars funded by the US federal government which has long since grown hostile to individualism; worthy coffee-house debate.  We recommend you consult the original text, linked above.

Kent County Michigan

Ædificare & Utilization

December 1, 2025
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It has been 20 years since we began following educational facilities construction activity.  Starting this month we will examine federal government data together with the best available data about space utilization to enlighten our response to the perfectly reasonable question: “Are we over-building or under-building or building ineffectively”.  Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.

United States: Schools of Architecture

The Society for College and University Planning (Ann Arbor, Michigan)

National Center for Education Statistics

The Financial Impact of Architectural Design: Balancing Aesthetics and Budget in Modern Construction

 

Homeschooling

2022 International Existing Building Code 

  • University College London

As reported by the US Department of Commerce Census Bureau the value of construction put in place by May 2025 by the US education industry proceeded at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of $135.970 billion.  This number does not include renovation for projects under 50,000 square feet and new construction in university-affiliated health care delivery enterprises.   Reports are released two months after calendar month.  The complete report is available at the link below:

MONTHLY CONSTRUCTION SPENDING August 2025 (released two months after calendar month)

THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SHUTDOWN LAST MONTH HAS INTERRUPTED THE RELEASE CADENCE THIS MONTH

 

 


This spend makes the US education facilities industry (which includes colleges, universities, technical/vocational and K-12 schools, most university-affiliated medical research and healthcare delivery enterprises, etc.) the largest non-residential building construction market in the United States after commercial property; and fairly close.  For perspective consider total public + private construction ranked according to the tabulation most recently released:

$137.604 billion| Education Facilities

$155.728 billion | Power

$69.625 billion | Healthcare

Keep in mind that inflation figures into the elevated dollar figures.  Overall — including construction, energy, custodial services, furnishings, security. etc., — the non-instructional spend plus the construction spend of the US education facilities is running at a rate of about $300 – $500 billion per year.

LIVE: A selection of construction cameras at  US schools, colleges and universities

Architectural Billings

We typically pick through the new data set; looking for clues relevant to real asset spend decisions.  Finally, we encourage the education facilities industry to contribute to the accuracy of these monthly reports by responding the US Census Bureau’s data gathering contractors.

Reconstruction of Ancient Agora

 

As surely as people are born, grow wealthy and die with extra cash,

there will be a home for that cash to sustain their memory and to steer

the cultural heritage of the next generation in beautiful settings.

More

National Center for Educational Statistics

AIA: Billings Index shows but remains strong May 2022

National Center for Education Statistics

Sightlines: Capital Investment College Facilities

OxBlue: Time-Lapse Construction Cameras for Education

Architectural Billing Index

IBISWorld Education Sector

US Census Bureau Form F-33 Survey of School System Finances

American School & University

Global Consistency in Presenting Construction & Life Cycle Costs

Carnegie Classifications

Memorial Church Sunday Service

December 1, 2025
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Hillsdale College | The Theological–Political Problem and the American Founding | Glenn Ellmers

From George Washington to the Hebrew Congregation in Newport, Rhode Island, 18 August 1790

The Best Breakdown of America You’ve Never Heard: Richard Miniter

In Federalist No. 2, John Jay [1764 Graduate of King’s College; now Columbia University] argues that a strong union under the Constitution will promote peace and prosperity, which are conducive to the spread of religion and morality:

“Providence has been pleased to give this one connected country to one united people—a people descended from the same ancestors, speaking the same language, professing the same religion, attached to the same principles of government, very similar in their manners and customs… These considerations, and many others that might be mentioned, prove, and experience confirms it, that artificial distinctions and separations of [America’s] land are essentially unnatural; and that they may be eradicated and extirpated by the united and advisable efforts of individuals and communities…”

The Federalist Papers discuss themes of morality, social order, and the importance of a cohesive society, they do not explicitly emphasize the importance of Christian faith to the American constitutional republic.  The authors generally focused on principles of governance, political theory, and the structure of the proposed Constitution.

 

“The experience of the sacred is a universal phenomenon,

found in all human societies, however primitive or complex.”

— 1957 Mircea Eliade (‘The Sacred and the Profane’)

Other Campus Worship Livestreams

Harvard’s Memorial Chapel, also known as Memorial Church, was designed by the architectural firm Coolidge, Shepley, Bulfinch, and Abbott. The church was dedicated on Armistice Day, November 11, 1932, as a memorial to Harvard alumni who died in World War I.

Sunday Service Announcements and Music Notes

Standards Massachusetts

Readings / The Education of Henry Adams

Readings / The Administrative State

John Harvard, the namesake of Harvard University, was a 17th-century English minister lived on campus from 1607 – 1638 and conformed to Puritan ideal of  dedicating Sundays to worship, prayer, and rest.

Integrated Planning Glossary

December 1, 2025
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Attendees of the SCUP 2025 North Atlantic Symposium sit on the Commons in Columbia Business School and smile.

The Society of College and University Planning was founded in 1965 at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor during an informal gathering of campus planners frustrated with the lack of professional exchange in their emerging field. Rapid postwar enrollment growth and massive campus expansion projects had created urgent needs for long-range physical planning, yet few institutions had dedicated planners or shared knowledge.
A small group, led by University of Michigan planners George J. Bruha and Frederick W Mayer met in Ann Arbor to discuss common challenges facing other State of Michigan settlements; joined by Stanford, Ohio State and the University of Illinois. They decided to create a formal organization to foster collaboration, research, and professional development. In 1966, with Michigan’s support, SCUP was officially established as a nonprofit with its first office on the Ann Arbor campus. Its founding principle—integrated planning linking academics, finances, and facilities—remains central today.

Integrated Planning Glossary


Early operations benefited from administrative support (aegis) provided by the University of Michigan, including office space and resources in Ann Arbor. This arrangement persisted until a financial crisis in the late 1970s (1976–1980), during which SCUP relocated to New York.

The decoupling—marking full operational and administrative independence from the University of Michigan—occurred in 1980, when SCUP returned to Ann Arbor as a self-sustaining nonprofit headquartered at a separate location –1330 Eisenhower Place — less than a mile walk from Standards Michigan‘s front door at 455 East Eisenhower.

* Of the 220 ANSI Accredited Standards Developers, the State of Michigan ranks 3rd in the ranking of U.S. states with the most ANSI-accredited standards developers (ASDs) headquartered there; behind the Regulatory Hegemons of California and ChicagoLand and excluding the expected cluster foxtrot of non-profits domiciled in the Washington-New York Deep State Megalopolis.  Much of Michigan’s presence in the private consensus standards space originates from its industrial ascendency through most of the 1900’s.

 

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