Italian coffee is ritual. Espresso is served in tiny cups, sipped quickly, often at a bar counter. Variations include cappuccino (espresso with steamed milk and foam, typically a breakfast drink), macchiato (espresso “stained” with a dash of milk), and caffè latte (espresso with more steamed milk).
Italians favor single-origin or blended beans roasted to perfection, often medium to dark for rich, balanced flavors.
Coffee is a social act, enjoyed standing at bustling cafés or leisurely at home. Machines like the moka pot, a stovetop brewer, bring espresso-style coffee to households. Never order a milky coffee post-lunch—Italians consider it odd. This compact, flavorful tradition fuels Italy’s daily rhythm.
A dessert popular in the United Kingdom, where rhubarb has been cultivated since the 1600s, and the leaf stalks eaten since the 1700s. Besides diced rhubarb, it almost always contains a large amount of sugar to balance the intense tartness of the plant. The pie is usually prepared with a bottom pie crust and a variety of styles of upper crust.
In the United States, often a lattice-style upper crust is used. This pie is a traditional dessert in the United States. It is part of New England cuisine. Rhubarb has long been a popular choice for pies in the Great Plains region and the Michigan Great Lakes Region, where fruits were not always readily available in the spring
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The United States Food and Drug Administration and the National Coffee Association recommended standard temperature for safe hot coffee is around 160°F to 165°F (71°C to 74°C). This temperature range is considered hot enough to be enjoyable while minimizing the risk of scalding or burning.
These agencies do not have specific regulations or guidelines solely dedicated to cold brew coffee. However, there are general principles and best practices for handling and storing perishable food products that can be applied to cold brew coffee to ensure safety.*
Cold brew coffee typically requires more time to prepare than traditional hot brew coffee. While hot brew coffee can be made in just a few minutes, cold brew coffee is made by steeping coffee grounds in cold water for an extended period of time, usually between 12 to 24 hours.
The longer steeping time allows the coffee to extract more slowly and results in a smoother, less acidic coffee concentrate. After steeping, the coffee grounds are usually filtered out and the resulting concentrate can be diluted with water, milk, or other liquids and served over ice.
While cold brew coffee does require more time to prepare, many coffee drinkers prefer its smoother, less bitter taste and lower acidity compared to hot brewed coffee. Additionally, the longer shelf life of cold brew coffee concentrate makes it a popular choice for those who like to prepare coffee in advance and have it ready to drink throughout the day.
We cover the technical standards applicable to small to medium sized coffee preparation installations in a cross-cutting way during our Kitchens 200 colloquium.
* These recommendations are based on general food safety practices:
Water quality: Start with clean, potable water to brew your cold brew coffee. Make sure the water source is safe and free from contaminants.
Brewing process: Follow good manufacturing practices and ensure that your brewing equipment and utensils are clean and sanitized. Cold brew coffee is typically brewed using room temperature or cold water over an extended period. Ensure that the brewing container is properly sealed and protected from any potential sources of contamination.
Filtration: After the brewing process, filter the cold brew coffee to remove any sediment or particles. This can be done using a fine-mesh sieve or a dedicated filtration system.
Storage: Store the cold brew coffee in a clean, airtight container in the refrigerator. This helps to inhibit the growth of bacteria and maintain the quality of the coffee. Cold brew coffee can typically be stored for a few days to a couple of weeks, depending on the specific recipe and preparation method.
Temperature control: Keep the cold brew coffee refrigerated at a temperature below 41°F (5°C) to prevent the growth of harmful bacteria.
Serve safely: When serving cold brew coffee, use clean and sanitized utensils, containers, and dispensing equipment to avoid cross-contamination. If you add any additional ingredients like milk or sweeteners, ensure that they are stored properly and do not exceed their recommended storage times.
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May 28, 1936: Alan Turing submitted his paper “On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem” that would quietly spark the digital revolution with the design of a machine (Bombe) that significantly shortened World War Two in Europe.
“Science is a differential equation. Religion is a boundary condition.”
— Physics In History (@PhysInHistory) May 16, 2025
– Alan Turing (1912-1954)
#OnThisDay May 28, 1936, Alan Turing submitted his paper “On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem” for publication.
It quietly laid the foundations of modern computer science.
A thread: pic.twitter.com/meIuDnn9VI
— History of the day (@hist_of_the_day) May 28, 2025
Bit of a gear change ahead of the long Memorial Day weekend in the United States. Today, an open agenda. Whatever anyone wants to talk about. We do this once every month. Though today is Memorial Day in the United States we’re still around — “Always Open”. Use the login credentials at the upper right of our home page.
In 2017, we visited the American Cemetery in Normandy, France. Never forget the sacrifice.
I learned that the French take the sand from Omaha Beach & scrub the letters of all 9,386 graves of soldiers who died then. This maintains the names on the crosses. pic.twitter.com/0zULlXeDuy
— 🌴♥️🇺🇸Dixie ♥️s America & Trump🇺🇸♥️🌴 (@DixiDarlen) May 25, 2024
The IEEE P3119 draft standard is designed to help strengthen AI procurement approaches, using due diligence to ensure that agencies are critically evaluating the AI services and tools they acquire.https://t.co/ujVJxZqjEm@InstituteIEEE
— IEEE Standards Association | IEEE SA (@IEEESA) May 19, 2024
— Standards Michigan (@StandardsMich) May 25, 2024
The word #standard is commonly used in daily language, so much so that people do not always reflect on its definition. Learn how ASTM International’s Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees (aka “Green Book”) defines them. #standards See https://t.co/oSBmwh1lbXpic.twitter.com/ynk87XDr7D
— Standards Michigan (@StandardsMich) May 18, 2024
🏆 We applaud the brilliant minds shortlisted for the 2024 IEEE PES Power Engineering Education Committee (PEEC) Outstanding Doctoral Dissertation Award!
New update alert! The 2022 update to the Trademark Assignment Dataset is now available online. Find 1.29 million trademark assignments, involving 2.28 million unique trademark properties issued by the USPTO between March 1952 and January 2023: https://t.co/njrDAbSpwBpic.twitter.com/GkAXrHoQ9T
