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Construction Spend

November 1, 2023

AEDificare. MD1

“The Ideal City” (c. 1480) Fra Carnavale

Today at 15:00 UTC we run a status check on regulations, accredited consensus products, and consortia standards that inform the safety and sustainability of the real assets of education communities. It is a large topic and we generally only have time to skim the surface of most of a few of them. Of the few, we locate the highest priority then place it on the agenda of the corresponding daily colloquia.

Some of the stars to steer by:

Tax-free bond markets that provide financing for new square-footage and renovated square-footage; operations and maintenance
Status of the movement in codes and standards for labor and material; safety and sustainability
Expansion of building premise safety and sustainability consensus product scopes onto the spaces between buildings
The renovation-versus-new construction conundrum
Construction activity data points for education and university-affiliated healthcare facilities

According to IBISWorld Market Research the Educational Service market in the United States runs through about $1600 billion annually. and includes all the soft costs (i.e. nonreal, which is our primary focus) of sustaining civilization.

This is a kludgey number but, when used with other data points collected by government agencies, non-profit trade associations, construction market participants and anecdotes, provides perspective on how to build and maintain the architecture of education communities.

We pick through one or two prospectuses of educational bond offerings uploaded onto the Electronic Municipal Market Access website to see how the money will be spent; particularly how ongoing operation and maintenance expenditures are distinguished (if at all) from capital outlays intended to seed community growth. There are many parties and counterparties involved in the money flow through tax-free education bonds. In some cases, interest groups (such as labor unions) promote school bond referenda in order to secure work for their members.

More

National Center for Education Statistics

May 23: Report on the Condition of Education 2023

School Infrastructure Report Card

Ædificare

Archive / US Census Bureau Construction Report

Kitchenettes

October 31, 2023

mike@standardsmichigan.com

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Purdue University | Tippecanoe County Indiana

Small Cafe Kitchen Layout Strategy

Ensuring safety and sustainability in small kitchenettes is crucial for the well-being of individuals and the environment. While specific standards may vary by location and regulations, here is a general list of safety and sustainability standards that are commonly applicable to small kitchenettes:

Fire Safety:
- Adequate fire suppression systems (fire extinguishers, sprinkler systems).
- Fire-resistant materials in construction.
- Proper ventilation to prevent the accumulation of smoke and fumes.
Electrical Safety:
- Compliance with electrical codes and standards.
- Ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) for electrical outlets.
- Regular inspection and maintenance of electrical appliances.
Gas Safety:
- Installation and maintenance of gas appliances according to safety standards.
- Gas leak detection and emergency shut-off systems.
Appliance Safety:
- Certification from relevant safety agencies for kitchen appliances.
- Proper installation and maintenance of appliances.
- Adequate spacing between appliances to prevent overheating.
Ventilation and Air Quality:
- Effective ventilation systems to remove cooking odors, smoke, and pollutants.
- Use of energy-efficient ventilation systems to promote sustainability.
Water Conservation:
- Low-flow faucets and water-efficient appliances.
- Regular maintenance to fix leaks promptly.
- Water-saving practices communicated to users.
Waste Management:
- Separate bins for recycling and composting.
- Proper disposal of hazardous materials, such as cooking oils.
- Education on waste reduction and recycling practices.
Energy Efficiency:
- Energy-efficient lighting and appliances.
- Use of natural light when possible.
- Regular maintenance of equipment to ensure optimal efficiency.
Accessibility:
- Design considerations for individuals with disabilities.
- Clear pathways and accessible storage options.
Hygiene and Sanitation:
- Adequate handwashing facilities.
- Regular cleaning and sanitation schedules.
- Pest control measures.

Specific requirements may vary based on the size of the kitchenette, its location, and the intended use. There are state, municipal and organizational variants on the nationally developed standards.

The University of Michigan: Small Group Housing Kitchen Guidelines

Ohio University: Athens Kitchens and Lounge

University of Illinois: Kitchen Planning Standards

University of Mary | Burleigh County North Dakota

Almonds

October 31, 2023

mike@standardsmichigan.com

California

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Banketstaaf

October 31, 2023

mike@standardsmichigan.com

Netherlands

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2022 Guide for Animal Deterrents for Electric Power Supply Substations

October 31, 2023

mike@standardsmichigan.com

D2, WK40

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1264-2022 – IEEE Guide for Animal Mitigation for Electric Power Supply Substations

IEEE Power Engineering Society

Abstract: Documented in this guide are methods and designs to mitigate interruptions, equipment damage, and personnel safety issues resulting from animal intrusions into electric power supply substations, thereby improving reliability and safety, and minimizing the associated revenue loss.

Scope: This guide documents methods and designs to mitigate interruptions, equipment damage, and personnel safety issues resulting from animal intrusions into electric power supply substations, thereby improving reliability and safety, and minimizing the associated revenue loss.

Purpose: Intrusion by animals into electric power supply substations has been a problem experienced by most of the electric utility industry. The costs associated with outages caused by animals continue to escalate. Although animal problems differ in nature geographically, the damage to equipment, interruption of or loss of service to customers, and safety problems encountered by operating personnel result in similar general concerns. This guide identifies various animals, the problems they cause, and mitigation methods. Further, it recommends criteria for applying mitigation methods, documents survey-reported effectiveness of various methods, and recommends factors for evaluating effectiveness of methods once they are applied.

CLICK HERE to order the guide

PES General Meeting 16-20 July | Orlando

Human Anatomy Learning Platform for Medical Students

October 30, 2023

mike@standardsmichigan.com

Indonesia

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Evianita Dewi Fajrianti

Sritrusta Sukaridhoto – Muhammad Udin Harun Al Rasyid – Rizqi Putri Nourma Budiarti

Ilham Achmad Al Hafidz – Naufal Adi Satrio – Ardiman Firmanda

Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Elektronika Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia

Abstract: Augmented Intelligence technology was introduced for the task of helping improve human work in various fields, one of which is education. Several problems in the learning process, which are currently completely virtual, raise new problems, especially related to practicums which require teaching modules as guidelines for practicum implementation but still maintain the impression of interactive learning. For this reason, Augmented Reality technology is applied as a solution to build a practical human anatomy module, then called AIVE Platform embedded in smartphones to provide informative and immersive learning that can be run indoors or outdoors so that it is not limited by space and time. This platform can run on Android and iOS which is built on the AR Foundation framework to work across platforms. This module has followed the rules of the anatomical atlas that include labels on each part, there is also a login system to store student usage history, as well as the choice of learning mode. This module has been licensed to operate from a teaching doctor in anatomy to be used as a teaching module. The PIECES framework used to analyze the importance and satisfaction level of the platform gives score 4.085 out of 5 on and 4.081 out of 5 respectively.

CLICK HERE to order complete paper

Electromagnetic Interference in the Intensive Care Units of a University Hospital

October 30, 2023

mike@standardsmichigan.com

Brazil, D3

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Electromagnetic Interference in Hospital Environment:

Case Study of the Intensive Care Units of a University Hospital

Victoria Souza Fernandes

Raquel Aline A. R. Felix – Agatha Eyshilla Da Paz Correia – Alexandre Henrique de Oliveira

Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Brazil

Abstract: Electromagnetic (EM) sources are abundant in the routine of a hospital. Such sources can be for personal use, be part of the set of electromedical equipment or the building structure. This article presents the verification of electromagnetic interference between field sources and hospital devices, since electromagnetic interference is a factor that puts the correct functioning of these equipments at risk. As a consequence, patient’s lives are also put at risk. Since in many cases, the vitality of the patient depends exclusively on medical devices, electromagnetic fields were measured inside and outside the intensive care units (ICUs) of the University Hospital Alcides Carneiro (UHAC) with all hospital devices working normally. The electromagnetic field values obtained at the hospital were compared with the values imposed by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).

The Future of Real Estate

October 29, 2023

mike@standardsmichigan.com

D3/1, England

No Comments

Private universities own and manage real estate properties; many of them of historical significance spanning across centuries with settings similar to public universities — academic buildings, research facilities, student housing, administrative offices, and other amenities.

Public universities usually have larger campuses with a mix of owned and leased properties. The specific real estate holdings and their status can vary widely depending on the university’s size, location, and funding. Some public universities have vast land holdings and extensive real estate portfolios and engage in real estate development projects to expand their campuses, construct new buildings, or create public-private partnerships.

Finally got to meet him in person. pic.twitter.com/eQ2SWJfaM7

— Esteban Rossi-Hansberg (@HansbergRossi) August 10, 2023

Smart Grid Blockchains

October 28, 2023

mike@standardsmichigan.com

D2/1, Netherlands

No Comments

“Groningen 1565” / Georg Braun en Frans Hogenberg

Changing power: Shifting the role of electricity consumers with blockchain technology – Policy implications for EU electricity law

Lea Diestelmeier

Department of European and Economic Law and Groningen Centre of Energy Law

University of Groningen

One of the pressing legal questions of the energy transition is how to integrate “prosumers”, consumers who start producing electricity, in the electricity market. So far, their influence remains limited or fully absent because their role as independent market participants is barely or not facilitated as they are usually subject to regulated remuneration schemes. Blockchain technology offers changing the approach of “integration in the market” into “becoming the market” by enabling peer-to-peer transactions. Currently, transactions are facilitated by third parties, suppliers and system operators, whose main task is centrally compiling and coordinating information on loads and generation and contracting supply and distribution services. Instead, blockchain technology enables new ways of organising decentralised persons without the immediate need for one centrally connecting entity. This implies profound legal- and policy consequences. Based on information on first use cases of blockchain applications in the electricity sector, this article identifies those main policy implications for EU electricity law and thereby adds to the discussion how blockchain technology could facilitate “prosumers” to develop as independent market participants in the electricity sector from an energy law perspective.