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History of Western Civilization Told Through the Acoustics of its Worship Spaces

 

Abstract.  Insights into the history and future of western civilization are found by applying information theory to the acoustical communication channel (ACC) of its worship spaces. Properties of the ACC have both influenced and reflected the choice of message coding (e.g., speech or music) at various times. Speech coding is efficient for acoustically dry ACCs, but hopeless for highly time-dispersive ACCs. Music coding is appropriate for time dispersive (reverberant) ACCs. The ACCs of synagogues, early Christian house churches, and many Protestant churches are relatively acoustically “dry” and thus well suited to spoken liturgies.

The spoken liturgy, dominant in synagogues, was carried over to early Christian churches, but became unworkable in Constantinian cathedrals and was largely replaced with a musical liturgy. After a millennium, the cathedral acoustic was altered to suit the doctrinal needs of reformation churches with its renewed emphasis on the spoken word. Worship forms continue to change, and the changes are reflected in the properties of the ACC. The pulpits of electronic churches may be evolving into radio and television performance spaces and naves into worshipers’ living rooms.

CLICK IMAGE

Evensong “How Do You Keep the Music Playing?”

Sacred Spaces

National Youth Choir of Scotland “Love Divine”

City Chickens 101

Standards Utah

Utah State University Net Position 2023: $1.829B


Utah State University Extension

There are a few campuses in the USA and UK where chickens are allowed to roam freely, often as part of educational programs or sustainability initiatives.

In the USA, some examples include:

University of California, Davis: The campus has a farm that includes free-range chickens as part of its agricultural programs.
Bard College: They have a farm that features free-range chickens, contributing to their sustainable agriculture practices.

In the UK, examples include:

University of Edinburgh: They have had initiatives where chickens roam freely as part of urban farming projects.
Kingston University: Their campus has included chickens in community gardening efforts.
These programs often emphasize sustainability, education, and the benefits of local food production.

Small scale chicken farming, as in residential and even in educational settlements, are regulated at the local level by municipalities, cities, or counties. Local ordinances vary widely with some common elements including:

  1. Zoning Laws: These laws determine whether residential areas can keep chickens and in what capacity. Some areas may prohibit chickens entirely, while others may allow a limited number.
  2. Permit Requirements: Some localities require residents to obtain a permit to keep chickens.
  3. Coop Specifications: Regulations may include specific requirements for chicken coops, such as size, location, and sanitation standards.
  4. Noise and Nuisance Laws: Rules may be in place to manage noise and odors, ensuring that chickens do not become a nuisance to neighbors.
  5. Health and Safety Codes: These codes can cover the cleanliness of the area where chickens are kept, as well as guidelines for feeding and waste disposal to prevent attracting pests or creating health hazards.

Related:

Animal domestication

Learning from the Wild Things

Protecting Animals When Disaster Strikes

Animal Safety

Fruit Smoothie

West Virginia University Financial Statement 2022 | $1.178M

The WVU Extension is a primary outreach division of West Virginia University. With offices in each of the state’s 55 counties, Extension faculty and staff develop and deliver programs in leadership development, rural and community-based economic development, youth development, workforce development, and health education.

Ingredients

3 cups frozen strawberries or other frozen fruit
1 banana
1 cup yogurt (plain or vanilla)
1 handful spinach or kale
2 cups of milk

Directions

Wash fresh produce.
Collect and measure all ingredients before starting recipe.
Add the fruit, yogurt and greens to the blender.
Pour the milk into the blender.
Blend 30 to 45 second until smooth.
Refrigerate leftovers within two hours, and finish within two days.

Nutrition information per serving (recipe makes six one-cup servings):
Calories — 120; fat — 2g; carbohydrates — 21g; fiber — 2g; protein — 5g

Geoffrey Hinton & Joel Hellermark

This conversation was recorded in April 2024 at the Royal Institute of Great Britain in London. An edited version was premiered at Sana AI Summit on May 15 2024 in Stockholm, Sweden.

Geoffrey Hinton has been called “the godfather of AI” and is considered one of the most prominent thought leaders on the emergence of artificial intelligence. He has served as a faculty member at Carnegie-Mellon and a fellow of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. He is now Emeritus Professor at the University of Toronto. In 2023, Geoffrey left his position at Google so that he could speak freely about AI’s impact on humankind.

Coffee & Bears

Standards Montana

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Campus Dining

‘A Love Letter to Montana’: UM Celebrates Opening of New Dining Hall, The Lodge


Standards Montana

RE: Blue State Diaspora to Red State College Towns:

‘Howling Huskie’ coffee shop

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Irish Breakfast

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Maple Nut Latte

Standards Vermont

Annual 2023 Net Position Statement: $774,788,000 (Page 15)

Ingredients:

2 shots espresso (or ½ cup strong brewed coffee)
1 cup milk (dairy or non-dairy like almond, oat, or cashew)
2 tbsp maple syrup (adjust to taste)
¼ tsp vanilla extract (optional)
¼ tsp nut extract (hazelnut, walnut, or almond)
Whipped cream (optional, for topping)
Chopped nuts or nutmeg (optional garnish)

Instructions:

Brew the espresso and pour it into a large mug.
Heat the milk in a saucepan or microwave, then froth it using a whisk, frother, or blender until foamy.
Mix the maple syrup, vanilla extract, and nut extract into the espresso.
Pour the frothed milk over the espresso mixture.
Top with whipped cream and sprinkle with chopped nuts or nutmeg if desired.

The Maple Nut Latte is likely inspired by Vermont’s famous maple syrup industry. Vermont is the largest producer of pure maple syrup in the U.S., and maple-flavored food and drinks are a big part of the state’s culinary identity.

Historically, Vermont was one of the most Republican states in the country. It consistently voted Republican in presidential elections from the party’s founding in the mid-1800s until 1988.  Starting in the 1960s and 1970s, Vermont saw an influx of urban progressives from places like New York and Massachusetts seeking escape from the liberal Democrat hellholes they voted for.

Many were part of the back-to-the-land movement, bringing left-leaning political views.  Despite Vermont’s deep-blue status at the federal level, the state still elects moderate Republicans at the state level, such as Governor Phil Scott, who is popular for his bipartisan and pragmatic leadership.

 

The “Sugaring” Season

“Buttergate”

Adam Lock: Associate Chair for Farm Operations, Michigan State University



Dairy Farm Electrical Power Standards

Michigan State University Student Radio | WDBM 88.9 FM

Nuper editum

Moonlight in Vermont

Lively 200

Planning and Managing Security for Major Special Events

Audio/video, information & communication technology

 

Audio/video, information & communication technology

Performance in the Bolshoi Theatre Theateraufführung im Moskauer Bolschoi-Theater (Chromolithographie)

Even before the pandemic, massive open online curriculum, continued growth of consumer demand for “content” and the expansion of college and universities cultural and entertainment activity, drove our interest in the technologies that make it possible to produce and deliver “content” from facilities that are safe and sustainable.

As covered in our other Lively colloquia there are about 20 accredited standards developers that claim some part of this domain, or expanding their charter to meet the demand for best practice titles.  To repeat: “Standards are the seed corn for compliance revenue.  They fertilize the land for litigation.”   These generally well-meaning organizations only invest in the administration of best practice discovery and promulgation if they see demand for conformance revenue in their future.

Education communities in every nation are also conformance organizations.

Cultural content discovery, creation and delivery depends heavily on electrotechnology.

The parent committee of the highest level of electrotechnology standardization in this domain world is International Electrotechnical Commission Technical Committee TC 108: Safety of electronic equipment within the field of audio/video, information technology and communication technology.   Safety first.  A committee with a similar sounding title, but a different scope is IEC TC 100 Audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment — the subject of a separate post*.

To paraphrase the IEC TC 108 Committee Scope Statement:

Horizontal safety function: Methods of measuring touch current and protective conductor current.  This includes, for various types of equipment, methods of measurement of touch current with regard to physiological effects and of protective conductor current for installation purposes. The methods of measurement consider both normal conditions and certain fault conditions.  Safety of equipment electrically connected to a telecommunication network

Group safety function:Audio, video and similar electronic apparatus – Safety requirements Audio/video, information and communication technology equipment and safety of remote power feeding.

Vancouver Film School

According to its Strategic Business Plan, the need for standardization in this technology shows up in unexpected places such as 3-dimensional printing and wearable smart devices; both of which are of interest to faculty, students and the staff that supports the physical infrastructure.

STRATEGIC BUSINESS PLAN

The home page for the IEC public commenting facility is linked below:

https://www.iec.ch/comment/

We generally refer action in global electrotechnology standards to any one of several IEEE Societies and collaborate with the IEEE Education & Healthcare Facilities Committee (IEEE E&H).  We also track and participate in the standards action of several trade associations that service some part of this space; all of whom are sensitive to the international electrotechnology standards action.  Colleges and universities with federally funded facilities may need to be attentive to Trade Agreement Act matters when acquiring equipment of this nature.

As of this posting there are no Committee Draft Vote (CDV) documents released by TC 108 seeking public comment but we include it in our periodic scan of best practice literature.  We generally refer to the tracking facility available with the IEEE E&H hosted on a University of Michigan server for educational purposes.  IEEE E&H meets 4 times monthly European and American time zones.

Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore

 

We always encourage subject matter experts with front line experience planning, designing building, operating and maintaining these growing and complicated spaces.  We recommend US-based experts contact Tony Zertuche, Director, International Policy and General Secretary, USNC/IEC ([email protected]).

United States National Committee of the International Electrotechnical Commission (USNC/IEC)

We renew our understanding of electrotechnology standards for Lively Arts at least once a month.  See our CALENDAR.  The IEEE Education & Healthcare Facilities Committee meets online every other Tuesday in both Central European time American time zones.   Its meeting dates and login credentials are available on its home page.

Issue: [Various]

Category: Electrical, Infotech, Global, Lively Arts

Colleagues: Mike Anthony, Jim Harvey, Giuseppe Parise

Media production audio visual

 

* Related work runs through ISO Technical Committee 36 .

 

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